Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009 Nautical Chart Products
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Nautical Chart Products
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
• The difference between a vector and a raster chart.
• An ENC is a vector-based digital file based on the IHO s-57 product standard.
• Who publishes the corrections to the latest nautical chart edition?
• List some important chart elements that are displayed on every chart.
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Introduction
• The Navigational Chart is one of the most fundamental tools available to the mariner
• A Nautical Chart is a graphic portrayal of the marine environment, including general bottom characteristics, depths, aids to navigation, and dangers to navigation
• The Nautical Chart is essential for safe navigation
http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/staff/charts.htm
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Traditional Paper Charts
• Paper is the traditional medium on which charts are produced
• Traditional paper charts are produced by lithography, which is a process involving printing plates, a printing press, and a chemical process to produce an image
• It takes 6 to 8 weeks to print and warehouse a traditional paper chart
• They are distributed by the FAA and NGA
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Print-on-Demand Paper Charts
• Print-on-Demand paper charts are the most up-to-date paper charts
• Production time is up to 2 weeks and they come laminated or on water resistant paper
• They are produced and distributed by authorized agent under the authority of NOAA
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Digital Charts
Vector Raster
http://geog.gmu.edu/PEOPLE/fall2004/lecture6a_553_web.pdf Page 12
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Raster Navigational Charts
• An RNC is a digital image of a paper chart• It is geo-referenced and can be used in a
raster chart system• RNCs can also be used as a backdrop in
hydrographic data collection and processing software
• They can be downloaded for free off the internet at:http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/Raster/download.htm
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Electronic Navigational Charts
• An ENC is a vector-based digital file based on the IHO S-57 product standard
• ENCs are used in ECDIS and ECS systems.
• They support real-time navigation, collision and grounding avoidance, and real-time tides
• ENCs can also be used as base maps in GIS software for coastal management purposes
• They can be downloaded for free at: http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/enc/index.htm
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Updates
• Corrections to the latest edition of a nautical chart are published in the Local Notice to Mariners (USCG) and the Notice to Mariners (NGA)
• Paper charts must be updated by the user with the latest corrections (LNM & NtoM) manually
• Electronic charts are updated by the user with a downloaded software patch
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• What makes up a nautical chart?
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Chart Number• Chart Edition• Correction Source • Correction Dates
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Notes• Cautions• Warnings• Horizontal Datum• Aids to Navigation• Topographic
Heights• Survey Authorities
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Title Block– Location– Projection– Scaling
Latitude– Horizontal
Datum– Sounding
Units– Sounding
Datum
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Compass Rose
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Source Diagram
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Joins Statements
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Scale Bars
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Tide Block
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Border• Graticule• Geographic
Names• Hydrographic
Data
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Chart Elements
• Colors
• Fonts
• Symbology
• Details outlined in the NOAA Nautical Chart Manual, vol. 2
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
ECDIS
• ECDIS stands for Electronic Chart Display and Information System
• They are certified to meet specific standards– IHO S-57 Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data– IHO S-52 Specifications for Chart Content and Display aspects
of ECDIS– IMO Resolution A.817 (19) Performance Standards for ECDIS– IEC 61174 ECDIS Operational and performance requirements,
methods of testing, and required results
• An ECDIS must use official NOAA ENC data to meet the above standards and may use official NOAA RNC data where ENC data is not yet available
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
ECS
• ECS stands for Electronic Chart System
• An ECS is any electronic system that uses digital chart data, raster or vector
• There are currently no standards in place for ECS
• Standards are being developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM)
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
RCDS
• RCDS stands for Raster Chart Display System
• RCDS is a type of ECS
• They support real-time positioning by interfacing with GPS and DGPS systems
• They are endorsed by OCS to enhance safe navigation
Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009
Resources• http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov
– Coast Pilot– Chart Catalogs– Chart Updates
• http://navcen.uscg.gov/– USCG Light List– Local Notice to Mariners
• http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime/– Notice to Mariners– Chart No. 1– Sailing Directions– American Practical Navigator– Broadcast Warnings– Other Publications