Natural Selection • Darwin compiled his notes from his voyage and came to the following conclusion. – Traits are inherited from the parents – Traits can be selected for through selective breeding • Confirmed in domestic animals in what became known as artificial selection – Selected traits based on human desire and not the natural environment
8
Embed
Natural Selection Darwin compiled his notes from his voyage and came to the following conclusion. – Traits are inherited from the parents – Traits can.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Natural Selection• Darwin compiled his notes from his voyage and came
to the following conclusion.– Traits are inherited from the parents – Traits can be selected for through selective breeding
• Confirmed in domestic animals in what became known as artificial selection – Selected traits based on human desire and not the natural environment
Natural Selection causes Evolution• Darwin stated in the absence
of artificial selection, Nature provides the selective pressure to drive evolution– Natural selection is driven by
competition among members of a community for resources
Survival of the Fittest• According to Malthus’s calculations, the
world would quickly run out of resources if the birth rate or organisms wasn’t tied to competition.– Each species struggles to find its niche
• Creates a struggle for existence (inter species competition)
– Fitness is tied to reproductive success• The organism that can out compete individuals
within its species and those outside their species will leave the most offspring
Descent with Modification• Infers that ALL organisms
that are similar are related by a common ancestor– Changes were the result of
natural selection• Intra-species selection• Inter-species selection• Availability of resources• Presence of resources• Catastrophes
– Changes are gradual and take a long time• Inferred based on the gradual
changes to our planet• Verified using the fossil
record
Other Evidence of Natural Selection
• Homologous structures– Similar structure but different function within different
species• Provides evidence of common ancestor
Other Evidence of Natural Selection
• Vestigial Organs– Evidence of similarity of structure but with loss of function
• Provides evidence of relatedness
Other Evidence of Natural Selection
• Similar Embryonic stages (development)
Summation of Darwin’s Theory• Individuals differ due to heritable traits• Organisms produce more offspring than are supposed to survive
– Creates competition• Each type of organism will seek to exploit its advantages in a
community• The species that we see today are here because they could best