-
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetiivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetiivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetiivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universiteti
humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakultetihumanitarul mecnierebaTa
fakultetihumanitarul mecnierebaTa fakultetihumanitarul mecnierebaTa
fakulteti
qarTveluri enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri
enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri enaTmecniereba
nato SavreSianinato SavreSianinato SavreSianinato SavreSiani
ekomigrant svanTa metyvelebis sintaqsuri
Taviseburebaniekomigrant svanTa metyvelebis sintaqsuri
Taviseburebaniekomigrant svanTa metyvelebis sintaqsuri
Taviseburebaniekomigrant svanTa metyvelebis sintaqsuri
Taviseburebani
filologiis doqtoris (Ph.D.) akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad
warmodgenili
dddd i i i i ssss eeee rrrr tttt aaaa cccc i i i i aaaa
samecniero xelmZRvaneli: filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori,
Tsu asoc. profesori merab Cuxua
Tbilisi
2013
avtoris stili daculia
-
- 2 -
SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali
svanur enas qarTvelur enaTa Soris gansakuTrebuli adgili
ukavia.
svanurSi daculi arqaizmebi, rTuli fonetikuri procesebi,
struq-
turuli sxvaobani da dialeqturi Taviseburebani araerTgzis
gamxdara
enaTmecnierTa kvlevis obieqti. aRniSnul sakiTxebs araerTi
naSromi
miuZRvnes cnobilma qarTvelma Tu ucxoelma qarTvelologebma.
svanuri enis leqsikuri masalebi pirvelad fiqsirdeba i.
giulden-
Stedtis (1787-1791 ww.) da i. klaproTis (1807-1808 ww.)
naSromebSi, xolo
pirveli gramatikuli mimoxilva warmoadgina g. rozenma laSxur
kiloze
dayrdnobiT.
v. Tofurias dakvirvebiT ucxoeli qarTvelologebi „svanuri di-
aleqtebidan yvelaze ufro xSirad iyenebdnen uSgulurs, naklebad
_
laSxurs, balszemours, iSviaTad _ balsqvemoursa da Coluruls.
sru-
lebiT ar yofila dakvirvebis obieqtad lentexuri“ (13, 151).
mas Semdeg rac ganisazRvra da gamoiyo svanuris oTxi ZiriTadi
kilo, enaTmecnierebi svanurSi calkeuli sakiTxebis ganxilvisas
Ziri-
Tadad balszemour dialeqts eyrdnobian: „ufro uxvad
warmodgenilia
balszemouri kilos masalebi, radgan, rogorc cnobilia, am
kiloSi
ufro sruli saxiTaa Semonaxuli svanuri enisaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli
mravali movlena“ (1, 107).
svanurSi tradiciulad oTx dialeqts (balszemour, balsqvemour,
lentexur da laSxur) gamoyofen.
samecniero sazogadoebaSi aqtualuria svanur dialeqtTa Soris
Co-
luruli metyvelebis adgilis gansazRvris sakiTxi, Tumca es
problema
dRemde gadaWrili ar aris.
Coluruli moqceulia laSxursa da lentexurs Soris da amis gamo
orives ZiriTad gramatikul movlenebs iziarebs. mis calke
dialeqtad
gamoyofas jer kidev akademikosi niko mari uWerda mxars.
aleqsandre
onianis azriT, "Coluruli iseve gansxvavdeba svanuris yvela sxva
dia-
leqtisagan, rogorc TiToeuli maTgani _ erTmaneTisagan. es ki
Coluru-
lis damoukidebel dialeqtad gamoyofis safuZvels iZleva", ufro
metic,
igi kategoriulad ewinaaRmdegeba Colurulis sxva romelime
dialeqtSi
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- 3 -
gaerTianebas, vinaidan „... is msgavsad balszemourisa,
laSxurisaganac
gansxvavdeba (umlautiani xmovnebiT) da lentexurisa da
balsqvemo-
urisaganac (grZeli xmovnebiT)“ (29, 7)
v. Tofurias, cxumarulis msgavsad, Coluruli metyvelebac narev
dialeqtad miaCnia: „narevi dialeqtia uTuod zemosvanurSi
cxumaruli da
qvemosvanurSi Coluruli metyveleba... Coluruli ZiriTadad
laSxurs
ekedleba“ (13, 56).
Coluruls akaki SaniZe calke kilod ar Tvlis da mas or nawilad
yofs: `unda SevniSno, rom Coluruli calke kilos ar warmoadgens.
enob-
rivad igi or nawilad iyofa: zemo nawili laSxuris kilokavia,
qvemo na-
wili ki (sof. saydari, buleSi, muwdi) _ lentexuria. Tumca unda
aRvniS-
no isic, rom zemo ColurulSi umlautebic aris, romlebic mas
lente-
xurTan aaxloebs, xolo qvemo ColurulSi grZeli xmovnebic, raica
mas
laSxurTan akavSirebs~ (44, 84).
aRniSnul dialeqtze metyveli mosaxleoba kompaqturad aris
ganla-
gebuli cxeniswylis xeobis im nawilSi, romelic laSxeTsa da
lentexs
Soris mdebareobs da sakmao manZiliTaa daSorebuli laSxur da
lente-
xur dialeqtze mosaubreTagan.
Cveni azriT, Coluruli metyvelebis mravalferovani masalis
mopo-
veba-gamoqveynebisa da specialuri Seswavlis gareSe SeuZlebeli
iqneba
svanur dialeqtTa Soris Colurulis adgilis sabolood
gansazRvra.
„umwerlobo qarTvelur enaTa fiqsireba, rogorc es mravalgzis
aRniSnula, gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis amocanaa, vinaidan
Tanamedrove
epoqisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli intensiuri kontaqtebi gansazRvraven
nebis-
mieri enis, gansakuTrebiT ki umwerlobo enebis, swrafi tempiT
cvlas“
(34, 240).
sadisertacio naSromSi gamoyenebulia specialuri samecniero
literatura, warmodgenilia svanuris yvela dialeqtis
mravalferovani
Janruli masala rogorc svanuri enis qrestomaTiidan, ise svanuri
pro-
zauli teqstebis oTxive tomidan da svanuri poeziidan, agreTve,
Cven
mier savele pirobebSi mopovebuli sxvadasxva dialeqtis
monacemebi, maT
Soris Coluruli da laxamuluri metyvelebis nimuSebi. zusti
sali-
teraturo qarTuli ekvivalentebi axlavs yvela CamoTvlil
wyaros.
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- 4 -
sintaqsuri TvalsazrisiT Coluruli metyveleba, svanuris sxva
dialeqtebisagan gansxvavebiT, dRemde specialuri kvlevis obieqti
ar
yofila. Cven mier warmodgenili sadisertacio naSromi aris
pirveli
mcdeloba, sxva dialeqtebis paralelurad warmodgenili iqnas
Coluru-
li metyvelebis sintaqsuri sakiTxebi. naSromSi, agreTve,
gaTvalis-
winebulia svaneTidan ekologiuri mizezebis gamo qvemo qarTlSi
migrirebul svanTa metyvelebis nimuSebic.
rogorc cnobilia, sintaqsi sakiTxTa farTo wres aerTianebs da
Cven naSromSi SevexebiT ZiriTad sakiTxebs: disertaciis mizania,
svanuris
sintaqsuri sakiTxebis Seswavlis safuZvelze warmovaCinoT, Tu ra
Tavi-
seburebebi axasiaTebs da ra saerTo aqvs svanuris sintaqss
qarTulTan
mimarTebaSi.
svanurisvanurisvanurisvanuri
sintaqsissintaqsissintaqsissintaqsis
SeswavlisSeswavlisSeswavlisSeswavlis
istoriaistoriaistoriaistoria
„apolonios diskolom pirvelma moxaza sintaqsis are da naTlad
aRniSna is sakiTxebi, romelnic sintaqss ganekuTvnebian, man
Tavidanve
sityvaTa SeTanxmebas miaqcia yuradReba, dasva da gadawyvita
sintaqsis
ZiriTadi sakiTxi“ (52, 34).
XVII saukunidan dawyebuli qarTuli enis Zv. gramatikebSi
sintaqsi,
anu leqsTTxzuleba, rogorc gramatikis calkeuli dargi,
umeteswilad
gamijnulia morfologiisagan.
sintaqsis sagnis Sesaxeb enaTmecnierTa Soris azrTa
sxvadasxva-
obaa. mecnierTa erTi nawili sintaqsis sagnad sityvaTa
Sexameba-SekavSi-
rebebs miiCnevs, garkveul nawils sintaqsis sagnad — winadadeba
da
winadadebis wevrebi miaCnia, xolo mecnierTa nawili sintaqsSi
erTad
ganixilavs sityvaTa Sexameba-SekavSirebebsa da winadadebas.
sintaqsis saxelmZRvaneloebic swored am ukanaskneli
Sexedulebis
mixedviTaa Sedgenili, sadac SesityvebasTan erTad ganxilulia
winada-
deba da winadadebis wevrebi.
jer kidev XVIII saukuneSi anton pirvelma Tavis „qarTul
Rrama-
tikaSi“, franCesko-maria majos msgavsad, sintaqsis sagnad
metyvelebis
nawilebs Soris damokidebuleba (SeTanxmeba, marTva) miiCnia.
misive
-
- 5 -
ganmartebiT sintaqsi aris „gankargæa wesier TanÃmobiTi nawilTa
Ãelov-
nebiTsa yovladsa Sina“ (6, 213).
„gaioz reqtori iZleva sintaqsis ramdenadme gansxvavebul
gansaz-
Rvras: „sÂintaqsi, anu aRnaqæsi ars nawili Rramatikisa,
romelica
aswavebs TanÃmobasa Sewyobasa Sina nawilTa sityÂsaTa“.
TanTanTanTanÃÃÃÃmmmmobaobaobaoba gaiozi-
saTvis farTo cnebaa. igi aRniSnavs rogorc SeTanxmebas, aseve
saerTod
— SekavSirebas, Sexamebas. gaiozma, antonisagan gansxvavebiT
axali
termini SemoiRo (aRnaqæsi), misi mixedviT sintaqsi aris
samgvari: 1.
martivi, 2. xelovnebiTi anu ritoruli, 3. uxvsityvaobiTi anu
Svenier-
sityvaobiTi“ (17, 78).
anton I -isa da gaioz reqtoris sintaqsiseul gagebas
iziareben
daviT bagrationi, ioane bagrationi da ioane qarTveliSvili.
XIX saukunis 30 — 40-iani wlebidan sintaqsSi, SesityvebaTa
siste-
maSi upiratesoba eniWeba winadadebas, rogorc azris (msjelobis)
gamom-
xatvel Sesityvebas, magaliTad „platon ioselianis TqmiT: leqsTa
Txzu-
leba (sintaqsi) aris nawili gramatikisa, romelica aswavebs
sityvisa na-
wilTa kanoniersa Sewyobasa gamoxatvisaTvis srulisa hazrisa“ (17,
79).
XIX saukunis 50-iani wlebidan saskolo gramatikebSi
sintagmaTa
struqturul-semantikuri analizis adgils winadadebis funqciur
seman-
tikuri analizi ikavebs, sityvaTa urTierTobis sakiTxebi
iCrdileba,
adre xmarebuli terminebi (ufali, Zieba) qreba da maT nacvlad
fun-
qciuri terminebi (qvemdebare, damateba, Semasmeneli...) Cndeba.
sintaqsi, anu
moZRvreba leqsTa Txzvis Sesaxeb, winadadebis Sesaxeb moZRvrebad
iqceva.
Sesabamisad saskolo gramatikebSi gvxvdeba sintaqsis amgvari
gan-
marteba: „sintaqsi aris gramatikis nawili, romelic Seiswavlis
wina-
dadebis tipebs da winadadebaSi sityvaTa SekavSirebis wesebs. igi
arkvevs,
ra da ra tipis sityvebi SeiZleba Seewyos erTmaneTs, ra saxis
urTier-
Toba SeiZleba damyardes maT Soris da ra daniSnuleba aqvs ama Tu
im
sityvas winadadebaSi“ (19, 6).
„XX saukunidan gramatikaSi Tavi iCina axalma, formalurma
(struqturulma) mimarTulebam, romelmac sintaqsis miznad
Sesityvebis
mxolod agebulebis (struqturis) kvleva dasaxa. struqturul
mimarTu-
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- 6 -
lebas qarTuli enaTmecnieruli azris istoriaSi safuZveli Cauyara
arn.
Ciqobavas naSromebma“ (17, 79).
arn. Ciqobavas TvalsazrisiT, „sintaqsi aris moZRvreba
SesityvebaTa
Sesaxeb. sintaqsis sagania sityvaTa SenaerTi, Sesityveba.
cxadia, rom
erTi sityvis sintaqsi SeuZlebelia. sityvaTa SeanaerTSi mTavar
rols
asrulebs saxeli da zmna; sxva sityvebi amaT ekedleba (52,
36).
qarTulSi sintaqsis Seswavlis istorias l. kvantaliani XVII
sa-
ukunidan f. majos gramatikiT iwyebs, Tumca Tvlis, rom „sintaqsis
Ses-
wavlis istoriis dasawyisi adreul saukuneebSi unda veZeboT“ (17,
76).
Sesityvebis sakiTxebis mecnieruli Seswavla meoce saukunidan
daiwyo, mas Semdeg rac gamoqveynda arn. Ciqobavas monografia
„martivi
winadadebis problema qarTulSi“ da werilTa seria „ra
Tavisebureba
axasiaTebs qarTuli enis agebulebas“.
Sesityvebis sintaqsurad SeswavlaSi arn. Ciqobava Sesityvebis
Se-
dgenilobis Seswavlasa da Sesityvebis struqturis dadgenas
gulisxmobs.
qarTul gramatikaSi Sesityvebis sakiTxi metad aqtualuria da
mas
ara erTi avtoris naSromi mieZRvna. garda zemoT CamoTvlilisa,
aRsa-
niSnavia, v. Tofurias „metyvelebis sakiTxebisaTvis qarTulSi“
(sadac v.
Tofuria iziarebs Sesityvebis arn. Ciqobavaseul gagebas),
„mSobliuri
enis swavlebis sakiTxebi saSualo skolaSi“, n. basilaias „qarTuli
mar-
Tlweris sakiTxebi“, a. daviTianis „qarTuli enis sintaqsi“, m.
cikolias
„sityvaTa rigi, rogorc sintaqsisa da stilistikis sagani“ da
sxv.
winadadebis Sesaxeb gamoTqmul gansazRvrebebSi azri
(msjeloba)
figurirebs, rogorc winadadebis definiciis aucilebeli
konponenti
(winadadeba aris azri, an msjeloba... winadadeba aris sityvaTa
SeerTeba,
romelic dasrulebul azrs gamoxatavs).
arn. Ciqobavas TvalsazrisiT ki azri gramatikis ganxilvis
sagani
ver iqneba. winadadeba gansazRvruli unda iqnes specifikuri,
sintaqsuri
niSnebiT, im damokidebulebaze damyarebiT, romelic sityvaTa Soris
Se-
sityvebaSi iqmneba. amrigad: „winadadeba aris Sesityveba,
agebuli zmnisa
da saxelisagan koordinaciis Tu marTvis safuZvelze
(koordinaciisaze
– relatiur-zmnian winadadebaSi, marTvisaze –
absolutur-zmnianSi)“ (52,
234).
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- 7 -
sintaqsSi unda ganixilebodes Tu ara winadadeba da
winadadebis
wevrebi, amaze vrclad msjelobs arn. Ciqobava: „gvWirdeba Tu ara
sintaq-
sSi „winadadebawinadadebawinadadebawinadadeba“,
„qvemdebareqvemdebareqvemdebareqvemdebare“,
„SemasmeneliSemasmeneliSemasmeneliSemasmeneli“,
„damatebadamatebadamatebadamateba“,
„gansazRvrebagansazRvrebagansazRvrebagansazRvreba“,
„garemoebanigaremoebanigaremoebanigaremoebani“? – es terminebi
SeiZleba davtovoT sintaqsSi, Tu maT gar-
kveuli sintaqsuri Sinaarsi ganekuTvnebaT, ese igi, Tu isini
gamoye-
nebulni iqnebian sityvaTa damokidebulebis aRsaniSnavad,
sityvaTa
rolis dasaxasiaTeblad SesityvebaSi. Tu es aucilebeli piroba
ar
Sesruldeba, am terminebis xmareba mxolod imis momaswavebeli
iqneba,
rom sintaqsi „arasintaqsurad Seiswavleba... ...cnebani:
winadadeba
(mxedevelobaSi gvaqvs
winadadebawinadadebawinadadebawinadadeba-cneba, romlis nawilebs
metyvelebis
nawilebi ki ar Seadgens (am gagebiT winadadeba ZvelTaganve
ixmareboda),
aramed qvemdebare-Semasmeneli), qvemdebare, Semasmeneli —
gramatikaSi
logikidan aris gadmotanili mecxramete saukuneSi; iqidan
moyolebuli
warmoebs maTi aklimatizacia da jerac ar aris damTavrebuli es
pro-
cesi... pirvandeli SinaarsiT am cnebebis datoveba
enaTmecnierebaSi ga-
umarTlebeli iqneboda, xolo Tuki maT mkacrad
enaTmecnierulienaTmecnierulienaTmecnierulienaTmecnieruli
SinaarsiSinaarsiSinaarsiSinaarsi
miecemoda, maTi arsebobac gamarTlebuli iqneboda“ (52,
71-127).
arn. Ciqobava saubrobs
„„„„uwinadadebouwinadadebouwinadadebouwinadadebo
sintaqszesintaqszesintaqszesintaqsze“: „... sintaqsis mizans
ar Seadgens winadadebis da misi nawilebis Zieba... sintaqsi
sityvaTa da-
mokidebulebas iZiebs ... „uwinadadebo“ sintaqsi ara Tu
warmosadgenia,
aramed faqtia kidec, faqti orjer ufro xangrZlivi istoriis mqone
Cven-
Si, vinem es „winadadebian sintaqss“ gaaCnia. ...winadadeba ver
gamocxaddeba
principulad uCveulo da gansakuTrebul sagnad sintaqsisa“ (52,
73-127).
Tumca avtors miaCnia, rom winadadeba SesityvebaTa Soris
upirate-
sobiT unda sargeblobdes, radgan masSi monawileobs saxeli da
zmna:
„...udavoa, rom igi unda sargeblobdes upiratesobiT sxva
SesityvebaTa
Soris, radganac masSi monawileobs metyvelebis ori ZiriTadi
nawili:
saxeli da zmna, Sesityvebisa, da saerTod, metyvelebis xerxemali“
(52,
127).
yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare SeiZleba iTqvas, rom arn.
Ciqobava sintaqsSi winadadebis Semoyvanas da ganxilvas amarTlebs
imde-
nad, ramdenadac „winadadeba garkveuli saxis Sesityvebaa da,
maSasadame,
misi nawilebis kvalifikaciac xdeba saTanado sityvaTa
urTierTobis
-
- 8 -
mixedviT; winadadebis nawilTa aRmniSvneli cnebebis Sinaarsi
migviTi-
Tebs, ra rolsac TamaSobs esa Tu is sityva winadadebaSi: aris
igi
gabatonebuli, Tu damokidebuli, mmarTveli Tu marTuli,
maTanxmebeli
Tu SeTanxmebuli, Tu arc erTia, arc meore, aramed mxolod
mirTulia“
(52, 122).
sintaqsis sakiTxebze qarTulSi araerT mkvlevars umuSavia da
samecniero kvleva dResac grZeldeba, Sesabamisad aRniSnul
gramatikul
kategoriasTan dakavSirebiT mdidari samecniero literatura
arsebobs,
maT Soris gamosarCevia: antonantonantonanton I I I I----isisisis
„qarTuli Rrammatika“, franCeskofranCeskofranCeskofranCesko
mariomariomariomario----majosmajosmajosmajos „Rramatika“,
daviTdaviTdaviTdaviT bagrationisbagrationisbagrationisbagrationis
„qarTuli Rramatika“, ioaneioaneioaneioane
bagrationisbagrationisbagrationisbagrationis „qarTuli
Rramatika“, gaiozgaiozgaiozgaioz reqtorisreqtorisreqtorisreqtoris
„qarTuli
Rrammatika“, ssss. . . .
dodaSvilisdodaSvilisdodaSvilisdodaSvilis „Semoklebuli qarTuli
Rrammatika“, iiii. . . .
nikolaiSvilisnikolaiSvilisnikolaiSvilisnikolaiSvilis „qarTuli
mokle gramatika“, iliailiailiailia feraZisaferaZisaferaZisaferaZisa
dadadada iliailiailiailia
sixaruliZissixaruliZissixaruliZissixaruliZis „enis dakvirveba“,
ioaneioaneioaneioane
qarTveliSvilisqarTveliSvilisqarTveliSvilisqarTveliSvilis
„qarTuli
gramatika“, aaaa. . . .
quTaTelaZisquTaTelaZisquTaTelaZisquTaTelaZis „pirvel-dawyebiTi
qarTuli gramatika“, mmmm. . . .
janaSvilisjanaSvilisjanaSvilisjanaSvilis „qarTuli gramatika“,
ssss. . . . xundaZisxundaZisxundaZisxundaZis „qarTuli gramatika“,
vvvv. . . .
TofuriasTofuriasTofuriasTofurias „Sromebi“, misive ― „qarTuli
enis gramatikis sadavo sakiT-
xebi“, arnarnarnarn. . . . CiqobavasCiqobavasCiqobavasCiqobavas
„qarTuli enis zogadi daxasiaTeba“, misive ―
„martivi winadadebis problema qarTulSi“, misive ― „ra
Taviseburebani
axasiaTebs qarTuli enis agebulebas“, aaaa. . . .
SaSaSaSaniZisniZisniZisniZis „Txzulebani“, t III, mmmm. . . .
cikoliascikoliascikoliascikolias „sityvaTa rigi rogorc
sintaqsisa da stilistikis sagani“, SSSS. . . .
ZiZigurisZiZigurisZiZigurisZiZiguris „rTuli winadadebis problema
qarTul enaSi“, rrrr. . . . WikaZisWikaZisWikaZisWikaZis
„winadadebis agebulebis sakiTxisaTvis qarTulSi
(erTgvarSemasmenlebian
Serwymuli winadadebis magaliTze)“, misive ― „winadadebis
parataqsuli
konstruqcia qarTulSi“, alalalal. . . .
RlontisRlontisRlontisRlontis „qarTuli winadadeba“, JJJJ. . . .
feiqriSvilisfeiqriSvilisfeiqriSvilisfeiqriSvilis „qarTuli enis
sintaqsi“, akakakak. . . . daviTianisdaviTianisdaviTianisdaviTianis
„qarTuli enis
sintaqsi“, aaaa. . . . kiziriaskiziriaskiziriaskizirias
„Serwymuli winadadeba qarTulSi“, misive ―
„martivi winadadebis Sedgeniloba qarTvelur enebSi“, llll. . . .
kvaWaZiskvaWaZiskvaWaZiskvaWaZis
„Tanamedrove qarTuli enis sintaqsi“, llll. . . .
kvantalianiskvantalianiskvantalianiskvantalianis „misamarTi
sityvisa da mimarTebiTi nacvalsaxelis SeTanxmeba qarTulSi“ da
sxv.
rac Seexeba svanurs, svanuri sintaqsis Seswavlis istoria,
ZiriTadad, XX saukunidan iwyeba, mas Semdeg, rac intensiurad
daiwyo
svanuri masalis Sekreba–Cawera da xelmisawvdomi gaxda svanuri
dialeq-
-
- 9 -
tebis teqstebi, Sesabamisad gamoqveynda sxvadasxva naSromebic,
Tumca
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom jer kideva me-19 saukunis pirvel
naxevarSi g.
rozenis gramatikul mimoxilvaSi „Ossetische Sprachlehre nebst
einer Abhandlung
uber das Mingrelische, Suanische und Abchasische“-Si mocemulia
svanuris
msazRvrel-sazRvrulis daxasiaTeba (32, 57-70).
svanuri sintaqsis kvlevaSi didi wvlili miuZRviT v. Tofurias,
m.
qaldans, n. abesaZes, a. kizirias, g. rogavas, i. CantlaZes da
a. S. aRniSnu-
li sakiTxis mecnieruli Seswavla, rasakvirvelia, amJamadac
grZeldeba.
v. Tofurias TqmiT „svanuri da qarTuli TiTqmis ar
gansxvavdebian
erTmaneTisgan sintaqsur sakiTxebSi. qarTuli sintaqsi mTlianad
miudge-
ba svanurs, mxolod magaliTebi iqneba Sesacvleli. erTaderTi
ZiriTadi
gansxvaveba Cans III p. sxvaTa sityvis gadmocemaSi. am mxriv
svanuri origi-
naluria ara marto qarTvelur enebSi: am TaviseburebiT gamoirCeva
is
sxva enaTaganac“ (13, 254).
zemoT CamoTvlil mkvlevarTa mier gamoqveynebulma naSromebma
da
Tanamedrove kvleva-Ziebam gviCvena, rom qarTulTan msgavsebis
miuxedavad,
svanur sintaqsSi calkeul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT garkveuli
sxva-
obebi SeiniSneba, sxvaobaTa mravalferovneba dialeqturi
nairsaxeobebi-
Tacaa gamowveuli.
v. Tofurias SromebSi svanuris sintaqss sakmaod didi adgili
uWiravs, ZiriTadad ganxilulia winadadeba Sinaarsisa da
aRnagobis
mixedviT, winadadebis wevrebi funqciisa da morfologiuri
Tval-
sazrisiT, winadadebis wevrTa sintaqsuri urTierToba da
paralelebia
gavlebuli qarTulis Sesabamis kategoriebTan.
svanuris sintaqsis SeswavlaSi mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravs
n.
abesaZis kvlevebs: „hipotaqsis wevr-kavSirebi da kavSirebi
svanurSi“,
„Serwymuli winadadebebi svanurSi“, „grZnobisa da Tqma-brZanebis
gamo-
mxatvel zmnaTa Semcveli qvewyobili winadadebebi svanurSi“,
„rom
kavSiri qarTvelur enebSi“, „gansazRvreba svanurSi“,
„damatebebisa da
Semasmenlis sintaqsuri urTierTobis zogierTi sakiTxi
svanurSi“,
„zmniswinebisa da Tandebulebis urTierTobis zogi sakiTxisaTvis
qarTve-
lur enebSi“, „mimarTebiTi zmnizedebi svanuri enis qvewyobil
winada-
debaSi“, „mimarTebiTi nacvalsaxelebis gamoyeneba qvewyobili
winada-
-
- 10 -
debebis wevr-kavSirebad svanurSi“, „ere (rom) kavSirisaTvis
svanurSi“,
„brunvaTa sintaqsuri funqciebi svanurSi qarTulTan mimarTebiT“ da
sxv.
naSromSi „hipotaqsis wevr-kavSirebi da kavSirebi svanurSi“,
rTuli
qvewyobili winadadebis maqvemdebarebeli wevr-kavSirebi da
kavSirebi
ganxilulia svanuris oTxive dialeqtis monacemebze dayrdnobiT,
Tumca
rogorc avtori acxadebs, „uxvad warmodgenilia balszemouri
kilos
masalebi, radgan am kiloSi ufro sruli saxiTaa Semonaxuli
svanuri
enisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli movlena“ (1, 107).
ganxiluli masalis safuZvelze mkvlevari askvnis, rom „svanur
enaSi hipotaqsis ganviTareba sakmaod maRal safexurze dgas,
rodesac
mTavari da damokidebuli winadadebis dacalkeveba umtkivneulod
ver
xerxdeba“ (1, 144).
v. Tofurias msgavsad, n. abesaZec Tvlis, rom rTuli
qvewyobili
winadadebis aRnagobiT svanuri ZiriTadad qarTuls hgavs (mag:
qvewyobil
winadadebaSi mimarTebiTi zmnizedebis gamoyenebac arsebiTad
qarTuli-
seburia; mimarTebiTi sityvebis kiTxviTi nawili bevr SemTxvevaSi
qar-
TulTan saerTo fuZes Seicavs; mimarTebiTi sityvebis Semcvel
damoki-
debul winadadebasa da mTavar winadadebas Soris Zv. qarTulis
msgavsad
gamoyenebulia iiii (= da) kavSiri; mimarTebiTi sityvebi
iwarmoeba kiTxviT
sityvaTa fuZeze æóæóæóæóÁÁÁÁ nawilakis darTviT, æóæóæóæóÁÁÁÁ
SedgenilobiT rTulia,
Seicavs iiii (> ÁÁÁÁ ) nawilaks, romelic qarTuli -cacacaca
nawilakis badalia;),
Tumca mkvlevari gansxvavebazec saubrobs.
avtors Taviseburebebi, ZiriTadad, qvewyobil winadadebaSi
mimar-
TebiTi nacvalsaxelis gamoyenebis dros SeuniSnavs: „mimarTebiTi
nacval-
saxelic da misamarTi sityvac brunvaSi Tavis SemasmenelTan
arian
Sewyobili, magram iSviaTad dasturdeba SemTxvevebi, rodesac
mTavari
winadadebis misamarTi sityva mimarTebiT nacvalsaxels uTanxmdeba
brun-
vaSi. es maSin xdeba, rodesac damokidebuli winadadeba mTavris
Sigaa
moqceuli, Cveulebriv aseT SemTxvevebSi mTavari winadadebis
meore
nawilSi meordeba nacvalsaxeli, romelic brunvaSi Tavis
Semasme-
nelTanaa Sewyobili" (1, 145).
aRniSnuli gamokvleva („hipotaqsis wevr-kavSirebi da
kavSirebi
svanurSi“), sxva danarCen naSromebTan erTad, sainteresoa
imdenad, ram-
-
- 11 -
denadac masSi detaluradaa ganxiluli svanuris hipotaqsis
wevr-
kavSirebi da kavSirebi, yvela SesaZlo dialeqturi
variantiTurT.
mniSvnelovania aseve n. abesaZis „brunvaTa sintaqsuri
funqciebi
svanurSi qarTulTan mimarTebiT“, romelSic avtori msjelobs
svanuris
brunvaTa rigis Sesaxeb (vinaidan samecniero literaturaSi
svanuris
brunvaTa Tanmimdevrobis Sesaxeb azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa) da
gvTavazobs
miseul brunvaTa rigs: saxelobiTi, micemiTi, moTxrobiTi,
viTarebiTi,
moqmedebiTi, naTesaobiTi.
n. abesaZis mosazrebiT, „warmodgenil dalagebaSi aris cda
erT-
droulad gamoiyenon morfologiuri, sintaqsuri da etimologiuri
Tvalsazrisi. ...aucilebelia gaviTvaliswinoT brunebis orfuZianoba
(xSi-
rad ki samfuZianobac) svanurSi. amitom svanur brunvebs Soris
saxelo-
biTs micemiTi unda mosdevdes, rogorc axali fuZis momcemi brunva.
amas-
Tanave mas, saxelobiTis msgavsad, SeuZlia gadmosces qvemdebarec
da pir-
mimarTi damatebebic. am or brunvas ver davaSorebT moTxrobiTs,
rome-
lic maTsaviT qvemdebares gadmoscems, magram, maTgan
gansxvavebiT, ar aR-
niSnavs pirmimarT damatebebs. amas garda, samfuZianobis
SemTxvevaSi erT-
erT fuZed moTxrobiTic aris gamoyenebuli. amaT Semdeg yvelaze
mizan-
Sewonilia jer viTarebiTi brunvis warmodgena, radgan formiT
igi
moTxrobiTis msgavsia (roca orive maTgani micemiTis fuZes
eyrdnoba da
fleqsiad ----dddd formanti aqvs), funqciiT ki xSirad micemiTs
uaxlovdeba.
Semdeg unda daisvas moqmedebiTi, rogorc aseve micemiTis fuZeze
dayrd-
nobili brunva, bolos ki naTesaobiTi, romelic wina brunvebisagan
gan-
sxvavebiT, amosavlad saxelobiTs an moTxrobiTs iyenebs.
amasTanave, moq-
medebiTi da naTesaobiTi funqciuradac axlo dganan erTmaneTTan“
(2, 6).
naSromSi gansakuTrebiT didi adgili uWiravs viTarebiTi
brunvis
sintaqsuri funqciis ganxilvas da swored am brunvis warmoebaSi
SeuniS-
navs, ZiriTadad, qarTulisgan gansxvavebuli viTarebac.
n. abesaZes Seswavlili aqvs svanuris Serwymuli winadadebebic
da
askvnis, rom svanuri, vinaidan, arasaliteraturo enaa, zedmet
epiTetebs
gaurbis da iSviaTad gvxvdeba erTgvargansazRvrebiani da
erTgvargare-
moebiani winadadebebi; „svanurSi farTod gavrcelebulia
erTgvarSemas-
menliani da erTgvarqvemdebariani Serwymuli winadadebebi.
SedarebiT
-
- 12 -
naklebad — erTgvardamatebiani, xolo erTgvargansazRvrebiani da
erTg-
vargaremoebiani winadadebebi metad iSviaTad, rac imiT unda
aixsnas, rom
svanuri arasaliteraturo enaa da zedmet epiTetebs gaurbis“ (3,
15).
misive dakvirvebiT, erTgvarSemasmenlian winadadebas
qarTulisagan
ganasxvavebs usulo sagnis aRmniSvneli qvemdebaris mier
Semasmenlis
ricxvSi SeTanxmeba: „erTgvarSemasmenlian Serwymul winadadebaSi
sintaq-
suri urTierTobis mxriv savsebiT qarTuliseburi mdgomareoba
gvaqvs. is
garemoeba, rom svanuri arasaliteraturo enaa, ganapirobebs mcire
gansx-
vavebas usulo sagnis aRmniSvneli qvemdebaris mier Semasmenlis
ricxvSi
SeTanxmebis sakiTxSi“ (3, 19).
mkvlevari qarTulisagan sxvaobas meoreulad miiCnevs da enis
ganviTarebis sxvadasxva periodiT xsnis, Tumca
erTgvargansazRvrebian
winadadebebSi naTesaobiTi brunvis niSnis nawilobriv mokvecas
svanuris
Taviseburebad Tvlis; „saerTod, Serwymulma winadadebebma
svanurSi
qarTulis analogiuri suraTi warmogvidgina, oRond ramdenadme
gansxva-
vebulia calkeul saxeobaTa gamoyenebis sixSire.
erTgvargansazRvrebiani
da erTgvargaremoebiani winadadebebis SedarebiT iSviaTi xmareba
damaxa-
siaTebelia arasaliteraturo enisTvis, amave mizeziT unda aixsnas
merye-
oba usulo sagnis aRmniSvnel qvemdebareebTan Semasmenlis ricxvSi
Se-
Tanxmebis sakiTxSi. toladSerwymul rTul saxelebTan Semasmenlis
ric-
xvSi Sewyobis mxriv svanuri agreTve emijneba saliteraturo
qarTuls,
magram Zneli ar aris paralelebis daZebna cocxal dialeqtebSi. da
bo-
los, naTesaobiTi brunvis niSnis nawilobrivi mokveca
erTgvargansazRv-
rebian winadadebebSi svanuri brunebis Taviseburebas miewereba“
(3, 26).
n. abesaZes calke statia aqvs miZRvnili iseTi qvewyobili
winada-
debisTvis, romlebic grZnobisa da Tqma–brZanebis gamomxatvel
zmnebs
Seicavs. mkvlevris dakvirvebiT, „grZnobisa da Tqma–brZanebis
gamomxat-
vel zmnaTa Semcveli qvewyobis dros damokidebul winadadebaSi
mimar-
TebiT nacvalsaxelisa da kavSiris garda, SiZleba Segvxvdes
mimarTebiTi
zmnizedebi... grZnobisa da Tqma–brZanebis gamomxatvel zmnaTa
qvewyobaSi
kiTxviTi mniSvnelobis mqone damokidebuli winadadebebic ixmareba,
kiTx-
viTi sityvebi aseT winadadebebSi ar unda miviCnioT sakavSirebel
saSu-
-
- 13 -
alebebad, isini mxolod damokidebuli winadadebis kiTxviTobas
gadmoscemen“ (4, 15–16).
avtorma yuradReba miaqcia da calke jgufad gamoyo subieqtis
gan-
wyobis gamomxatveli zmnebis Semcveli winadadebebi: „... aq
SesaZlebelia
rogorc kavSiriani, ise ukavSiro SeerTeba. sakavSirebel
saSvalebebad
SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos mxolod maqvemdebarebeli kavSirebi,
rac am
tipis winadadebebs ganasxvavebs aramarto damatebiTi
damokidebuli, ara-
med „metyveleba wris“ zmnebis Semcveli qvewyobili
winadadebebisagan“ (4,
17).
svanuris sintaqsis sakiTxebi ganxilulia i. CantlaZis
monografi-
aSi „qarTvelologiuri Ziebani“, sadac gamowvlilviTaa ganxiluli
atri-
butuli msazRvrelis ricxvSi SeTanxmebis sakiTxebi svanurTan
erTad
sxva qarTvelur enebSi.
aRniSnul naSromSi, msazRvrel–sazRvrulis ricxvSi SeTanxmebis
kvlevisas sakmaod didi yuradReba eTmoba Zveli svanuri
xalxuri
simRerebis enas da mkvlevari daaskvnis, rom: „svanuri enis
ganviTarebis
garkveul safexurze atributul msazRvrelTan TandaTanobiT
moiSala
ricxvSi STanxmeba... SeTanxmebuli formebi pirvelad prepoziciur
wyoba-
Si gaCnda“ (48, 221).
sakiTxi „sxvaTa sityva svanurSi“ avtors svanuris oTxive di-
aleqtis mixedviT aqvs Seswavlili da ganxiluli, romelSic
gamoTqmu-
lia varaudi, rom nawilakovani sxvisi naTqvamis Ι da ΙΙ pirSi
warmodgena
svanurisaTvis gviandeli movlena unda iyos „...vfiqrobT, rom
amgvari ram
svanurisaTvis SedarebiT ufro gviandelia, meoreulia da qarTul
enasTan kontaqtiT unda aixsnas“ (48, 227).
sintaqsis sakiTxTa ganxilvis dros garkveuli yuradReba eTmoba
xolme msazRvrel-sazRvrulis kategorias. swored aRniSnul
sakiTxs
exeba m. naWyebias monografia „msazRvrel-sazRvrulis urTierToba
qar-
Tvelur enebSi“.
naSromSi ganxiluli masalis safuZvelze avtori askvnis, rom
„msazRvrel-sazRvrulis sintaqsuri urTierTobisas istoriuli
ganviTa-
rebis sxvadasxva etapze samsave enas saerTo kanonzomiereba
axasiaTebda.
amasTanave, maT moepovebaT zogierTi Tavisebureba, risi mizezic
mTis
-
- 14 -
kavkasiur enebTan kontaqti (svanuri), umwerlobo enebis
SeuzRudveli
ganviTareba Tu samwerlobo qarTulis normaTa stabiluroba unda
iyos.
magram Tanamedrove qarTul enaSi, megrul-Wanursa da svanurSi
SeimCneva
am sakiTxSi arsebuli sxvadasxvaobis TandaTanobiT gaqrobis
tendencia“.
aRmoCnda, rom msazRvrelis sazRvrulTan SeTanxmebis formebi
qarTvelur enebSi erTnairi ar aris. Zv. qarTulSi msazRvrelic
da
sazRvrulic erTnairad ibruneboda, Tanamedrove qarTulSi
dawyebulia
msazRvreli saxelis brunvis niSnis gamartiveba, xolo
megrul-Wanursa
da svanurSi es procesi dasrulebulia.
gamokvlevaSi, iTvaliswinebs ra samecniero literaturaSi
gamoTq-
mul mosazrebebs, Tavadac Tvlis, rom „Zv. qarTulisagan
gansxvavebiT, at-
ributul msazRvrels sazRvrulis mimarT Tanamedrove
saliteraturo
qarTulSi, zanursa da svanurSi prepoziciuli wyoba axasiaTebs“
(28, 181).
svanuris sintaqsis rTul sakiTxTa kvlevaSi garkveuli sinaTle
Seitana a. kiziriam. aRsaniSnavia statiebi: „qvemdebaris
brunvaTa mimarTe-
ba qarTvelur enebSi“ „viTarebis garemoebis gamoxatvis
saSualebani qar-
Tvelur enebSi“ da monografia „martivi winadadebis
Sedgeniloba
qarTvelur enebSi“.
am ukanasknelSi qarTulTan da zanurTan mimarTebaSi gamowv-
lilviTaa ganxiluli svanuris masala. avtoris TvalsazrisiT,
Sesityve-
ba da winadadeba erTmaneTs ar upirispirdeba da naSromic
Ciqobavaseuli
principiTaa Sedgenili, rom „winadadeba aris erT-erTi saxis
Sesityveba“.
gamokvlevaSi, qarTul-zanur-svanuris sintaqsur movlenaTa
Seswav-
lisas, gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba calkeul sakiTxTa
Tavisebure-
bebs, radganac erTnairi viTarebis gverdiT SeiniSneba
garkveuli
gansxvavebebic.
ganixilavs ra Sesityvebis yvela SesaZlo variants, askvnis, rom
„
qarTvelur enebSi Sesityvebis principebi saerToa, gansxvaveba
igrZnoba
gamoxatvis saSualebebSi“ (23, 60).
ganxilul naSromTa analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba davaskvnaT,
rom
sxva qarTvelur enebTan msgavsebis miuxedavad svanur sintaqsSi
calkeul
sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT garkveuli sxvaobebi SeiniSneba,
sxvaobaTa
mravalferovneba dialeqturi nairsaxeobebiTacaa gamowveuli.
-
- 15 -
zemoT CamoTvlil mkvlevarTa mier gamoqveynebuli naSromebisa
da
Rvawlis miuxedavad, kidev mravali sakiTxia sakvlevi svanurSi da,
aqedan
gamomdinare, svanuri sintaqsis sakiTxebis Seswavla
aucilebelia.
TaviTaviTaviTavi I I I I
sintaqsurisintaqsurisintaqsurisintaqsuri
SekavSirebisSekavSirebisSekavSirebisSekavSirebis
saxeebisaxeebisaxeebisaxeebi
§ 1. § 1. § 1. § 1. SesityvebaSesityvebaSesityvebaSesityveba. .
. . Sesityvebis sakiTxis mecnieruli Seswavla iwyeba
meoce saukunis ociani wlebidan, rodesac gamoqveynda arn.
Ciqobavas
vrceli monografia „martivi winadadebis problema qarTulSi“ da
werilebis seria „ra Tavisebureba axasiaTebs qarTuli enis
agebulebas“.
Sesityveba warmoadgens martiv sintaqsur erTeuls da moicavs
sin-
taqsurad Sewyobil or an met srulmniSvnelovan sityvas (23,
3).
Sesityvebas qmnis sityvaTa Soris damokidebuleba. es damoki-
debuleba sul mcire or sityvas gulisxmobs, romelTagan erTi
mTavaria,
gabatonebulia, meore masze damokidebuli. sityvaTa Soris
damoki-
debuleba SeiZleba gamoixatos sxvadasxva saSualebiT. esenia:
sityvaTa
forma, sityvaTa adgilmdebareoba, sityvaTa intonacia.
...SesityvebaSi
Semavali sityvebi erTmaneTis mimarT ar arian Tanabarni: erTi
gaba-
tonebulia, dominantia, meore ki masze damokidebulia,
dependentia. maTi
urTierTobiT gvaqvs SeTanxmebaSeTanxmebaSeTanxmebaSeTanxmeba,
marTvamarTvamarTvamarTva da mirTvamirTvamirTvamirTva (52,
113-115).
svanurSi, iseve, rogorc sxva qarTvelur enebSi, Sesityveba
Sedgenilobis mixedviT SeiZleba iyos sxvadasxva saxis: masSi
SeiZleba
Sediodes uformo sityva da saxeli (ÛÖÊÓ ÄÜáêæ `gzas iqiT"; ËÉÝ
ÜÖØæêÍ
`wyals iqiT"...), uformo sityva da zmna (ÓÂæÄÁÉÍ ÏÈÑÏÙæÃÀ `win
gauZRva";
ËêÈ ËÏÂæÌÖÛÂæÒêÍá `guSin gvestumrnen"; ÑÉØêÍÈÄ ÀÜÀÃá `zeviT
avidnen"...)
saxeli da zmna (ÁÏ×ÛÀÒ ÄÓàÏÌÄáÁÏ×ÛÀÒ ÄÓàÏÌÄáÁÏ×ÛÀÒ ÄÓàÏÌÄáÁÏ×ÛÀÒ
ÄÓàÏÌÄá `bavSvebi mirbian"; ÙÖÍîË ÉÁËÀá `boCola
Zovs"; ÈæÄ× ÀÃÊæêÒ `Tofi gaisrola"...).
§ 2. § 2. § 2. § 2. SeTanxmebaSeTanxmebaSeTanxmebaSeTanxmeba.
SeTanxmeba hqvia sityvaTa sintaqsuri urTierTobis
iseT saxes, roca daqvemdebarebuli sityva im formas iRebs,
romelic aqvs
mTavar, wamyvan sityvas.
SeTanxmebisaTvis aucilebelia, rom erTmaneTTan sintaqsur
kavSir-
Si myof sityvebs saziaro gramatikuli kategoria hqondeT.
-
- 16 -
svanurSi, qarTulis msgavsad, gvaqvs SeTanxmebis Semdegi
saxeebi:
1. SeTanxmeba saxelsa da zmnas Soris anu saxeli iTanxmebs
zmnas
ricxvSi (ÃìÍíËÀÒ ÉßæìËêËá (Col.) `gogoebi Txovdebian". am
SesityvebaSi
zmnis ÉßæìËêËá mravlobiTobas gansazRvravs saxelis
mravlobiTis
forma);
2. SeTanxmeba saxelisa saxelTan brunvaSi (äÄÝÄÒ ÌÄÓÔÉðÛ
ÒðÎÏÍÉÛ
ÄÛáÖ ÌÀÜÄÍÀÌÈÄÛ âÄæ ËÉ (bq.) `eceri mestiis raionis erT-erTi
saukeTeso
xevia", ÌÄÓÔÉðÛ ÒðÎÏÍÉÛ `mestiis raionis~).
svanurSi Zv. qarTulisTvis damaxasiaTebeli saxelis saxelTan
ricxvSi SeTanxmebis SemTxvevebi
(romlisaniromlisaniromlisaniromlisani
sityvanisityvanisityvanisityvani............) ar gvxvdeba.
sityvaTa SekavSirebis saxeebi svanurSi dadgenilia v.
Tofurias
mier. igi wers
„SemTanxmebeliaSemTanxmebeliaSemTanxmebeliaSemTanxmebelia: 1.
realuri qvemdebare Semasmenlisa
ricxvSi, 2. realuri O (pirdapiri da iribi) I da II pirisa
Semasmenlisa
ricxvSi, O² im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Semasmeneli S-Tan ar aris
SeTanxmebuli,
3. qvemdebare, damateba (yvela saxisa) da garemoeba (agreTve
yvela saxisa)
gansazRvrebisa brunvaSi.
SeTanxmebuliaSeTanxmebuliaSeTanxmebuliaSeTanxmebulia: 1.
Semasmeneli qvemdebaresTan
ricxvSi, 2. Semasmeneli damatebasTan (pirdapirTan, iribTan), 3.
gansazR-
vreba qvemdebaresTan, damatebasTan, arsebiTi saxeliT warmodgenil
gare-
moebasTan. SeniSvnaSeniSvnaSeniSvnaSeniSvna. . . . Semasmeneli
meore piris damatebasTan pirobiTad
aris SeTanxmebuli“ (13, 277).
ganvixiloT SeTanxmebis TiToeuli SemTxveva ufro
dawvrilebiT....
subieqtTan erTad Sesityvebas qmnis yvela saxis zmna:
erTpiriani,
orpiriani, sampiriani, xolo obieqtTan – orpiriani da sampiriani
zmna:
erT SemTxvevaSi gvaqvs brunvacvalebadi obieqti da orpiriani
da
sampiriani zmna, meore SemTxvevaSi – brunvaucvleli obieqti
da
gardauvali orpiriani an gardamavali sampiriani zmna.
I da II piris aRmniSvneli subieqti yovelTvis iTanxmebs zmnas
ricxvSi (ÍÀÎ ÏÍÙîÒÃÀà ËÀÌÔæÀÒêËÖÛ (Col.) `Cven movdiodiT
naTebiT";
ÍÀÌÉÓæ ËÏØ ÀÍâÉÃà ÓÄÒ ÓÂðÎ! (saydr.) `namusi moitaneTo
(`iqonieTo") Tqven!".),
III pirisa ki maSin, roca sulier sagans aRniSnavs (ÒÀàáðÍ
ÀÍÙéÒÃÀá ÖÛÂæËÀ
ÂÆêæÒðÒ (bz., svan. proz. teqst., 366,32) `raWidan modiodnen
uSgulis
mgzavrebi";), an usuloa, magram sulieris Tviseba aqvs,
personifi-
-
- 17 -
cirebulia, aqtiuradaa warmodgenili (ØÏÒðË ÉÙÒëÍßÉÄËá (Col.)
`saxlebi
qanaoben"; ÆÄØÀÒ É×ÒÉá `SeSebi xmebian") (amaze vrclad qvemoT
vimsjelebT).
orpirian gardauval zmnas ori saxeli ukavSirdeba: saxelobiTSi
dasmuli subieqti da micemiTSi dasmuli obieqti. rogorc a.
kiziria
miuTiTebs, „ramdenadme gansxvavebulia ricxvSi SeTanxmebis
formebi:
subieqti iTanxmebs zmnas ricxvSi da mravlobiTi ricxvis
niSnebi
warmodgenilia ----dddd (I da II p.) da ----xxxx afiqsebiT,
obieqtis mravlobiToba ki
ggggæ (I p.) da ----xxxx (II da III p.) afiqsebiT: ÄÜØÀÓ ÆÖÒÀË
ÂÖà ÀÍâÀà ËÄËðÔÉ ËÉâÄÃÓ
(bz., svan. proz. teqst., 262,28) `maSin qali mixvda sayvarlis
mosvlas";
áÄËßÉ×ÄÓ áÏÒÃÀ ÎÏÒÉ ÍÀÙæÑÖÒ (bq., svan. qrest., 87, 21)
`xelmwifes hyavda
ori vaJi" (23, 33).
orpiriani gardamavali zmna svanurSi, qarTulis msgavsad,
brunvacvalebad subieqtsa da obieqts moiTxovs: I seriis
zmnebTan
subieqti saxelobiT brunvaSia, obieqti micemiTSi; II seriis
zmnebTan
subieqti moTxrobiTSia, obieqti saxelobiT brunvaSi; III seriis
zmnebTan
subieqti micemiT brunvaSia, obieqti – saxelobiTSi.
zmnis ricxvSi SeTanxmebis unari aqvs subieqtsac da obieqtsac,
Tu
obieqti I an II pirSia (ÉÓÂæÉ ËÉÊÉÈÀæêË ÍÀÎ ÜÉÂÀÒ ÙÏÛÔ ÂÖ----ÔáÄ
(Col.) `Seni
fxukianoba Cven yovelTvis ukan gvabrunebs" – brunvacvalebadi
obieqti
iTanxmebs zmnas ricxvSi; ËÄÆÏÁìËÀÒÓ ÄÒ ÄÓÎðÌ ÀÓÚÉ ÜÉÂÀÒÙÀË
Âæ----êæÃÉ ÍÀÎ
(Col.) `saWmelebs Tu rames akeTebs yovelTvis gvaZlevs Cven"
aq
brunvaucvleli obieqti iTanxmebs zmnas ricxvSi).
„I obieqtis mravlobiTi ricxvis niSani ggggæ (// (// (// (//
nnnn), ), ), ), II pirisa ----xxxx
sufiqsi, III pirisa ki im SemTxvevaSi dairTavs xxxx bolosarTs,
roca mice-
miT brunvaSi dasmuli saxeli, enis TvalsazrisiT aramoqmedi,
obieqti
sinamdvileSi moqmed subieqts warmoadgens“ (23, gv. 39).
svanuris yvela dialeqti obieqtis mravlobiTobis gamosaxatavad
iyenebs ----óËóËóËóË----ÉÉÉÉ (bz. ÀÍÚ-óË----É `acxobs"),
----ðË----É (bqv. ÀÍÚ----ðË----É), ----ÀË----É (lnt.
ÀÍðÚ-ÀË----
É), -êË----É (lSx. Col. ÀÍÚ-êË----ÉÉÉÉ) afiqss. a. kizirias da
T. SaraZeniZis
TvalsazrisiT, svanuris obieqtis amgvari gamoxatva ar hgavs Zv.
qarTuli-
sas: „Zv. qarTulSi iTanxmebda saxelobiTSi dasmuli obieqti,
romelsac
obieqtis mr. ricxvis aRsaniSnavad hqonda nnnn niSani, svanurSi
ki CamoTvli-
-
- 18 -
li afiqsebi gvxvdeba nakvTTa samsave jgufSi... mimReobebTan mr.
ricxvis
aRsaniSnavad da mravalgzisobis gamomxatvel zmnebTan“ (23,
37).
sampirian zmnas sami saxeli axlavs, brunvacvalebadi subieqti
da
brunvacvalebadi obieqti da brunvaucvleli (micemiTSi dasmuli)
obieq-
ti. subieqti I seriis zmnebTan saxelobiTSia (mag., ÌÀáÄ ÈÄÒÙËÀ
ÍêÈÉÀÒÓ
ËÄØæÄÒßÉË ÔÏÒÔÓ áÏÍÚÉ (Col.) `axali rZali naTesavebs saqorwino
torts
ucxobs"), II seriis zmnebTan moTxrobiTSi (ÈÄÒÙËÀà ÏáÍÀÚÄ `rZalma
gamo-
ucxo") da III seriis zmnebTan micemiT brunvaSi (ÈÄÒÙËÀÓ ÏáÍÀÚÀ
`rZals
gamoucxvia"). pirdapiri obieqti I seriis zmnebTan micemiTi
brunviT
gadmoicema (ÌÄÜÉ ÆÖÒêËíËÓ ËÀÒÔÀÌÓ áÏÁÀÒÀæÉ (lSx.) `moxuc qals
bostans
ubaravs"), xolo II da III seriis zmnebTan saxelobiT brunvaSi
gvxvdeba
(ËÀÒÔÀÌ ÏáÁÀÒÀæÄ `bostani daubara"; ËÀÒÔÀÌ ÏáÁÀÒÀæÀ `bostani
da-
ubaria"). iribi obieqti brunvaucvlelia da yovelTvis micemiT
brunvaSi
gvevlineba (ÁÀÁÀ ÌÄÎðÃÙÀË ËéÈÉÛ æÉÓÊîËÀÒÓ áÏÛáæÍÉ ÃÀÃÀÓ (Col.)
`babua
yovelTvis narCev vaSlebs unaxavs bebos"; ÏÈÛáÖÍÄ ÃÀÃÀÓ `Seunaxa
bebos"
da a. S.).
winadadebaSi orive obieqti Tua warmodgenili (e. i. zmna Tu
gardamavalia) zmna-Semasmenels iTanxmebs erT-erTi: an
brunvacvalebadi,
an brunvaucvleli damateba. I piri damateba yovelTvis iTanxmebs
Semas-
menels: II piri damateba maSin iTanxmebs Semasmenels, roca is
mxolobiT
ricxvSia, anu qvemdebaresTan araa SeTanxmebuli mr. ricxvSi: III
piri
damateba formalurad ver iTanxmebs ricxvSi: ×ÀÖÓ ÂæÀÓßÉ ÄãÉ ÍÀÎ
(Col.)
`joxs gvirtyams is Cven"; ãÀÙÞÉÍÄá ÄãÉ ÓÂÀÎ (lSx) `gabezRebT is
Tqven",
magram ãÀÙÞÉÍÄá ÄãÎðÒ ÓÂÀÎ / ÓÉ `gabezReben isini Tqven / Sen",
ÀÙÞÉÍÄ ÄãÉ
ÄãÎðÒÓ `abezRebs is maT".
svanurSi, qarTulis msgavsad III seriaSi brunvaucvleli
obieqti
pirmiumarTav damatebad iqceva da nanaTesaobiTar viTarebiTSi
daismis,
xolo laSxursa da ColurulSi paralelurad, xSir SemTxvevaSi
mxo-
lod viTarebiT brunvaSi gvxvdeba nanaTesaobiTari viTarebiTis
seman-
tikiT. mag.:
ÙæÀÑÀÒÓ áÀÌÉ ËÀÚæ×À ÍÉÝÓ áÏ×ìÍÄ (lSx.) `kacebs Roris
dasaklav
(`gasaput") wyals uduRebs"
-
- 19 -
ÙæÀÑÀÒ----ÄÛ----Ã|ÙæÀÑÀÒ----à áÀÌÉ ËÀÚæ×À ÍÉÝ Ïá×ìÍÀ
`kacebisTvis Roris
dasaklavi wyali auduRebia"
ÌêÍÊæÉ ÂÄÆÀËÓ ÀÊÀæÀÍÓ áÏÜÀ ÌÀÌÀ áÏÔêÁÄ (Col.) `pirvel Svils
akvans
kargi mama ukeTebs (`gamouTlis")"
ÌêÍÊæÉ ÂÄÆË----ÀÛ----Ã|ÂÄÆÀË----à ÀÊÀæÀÍ áÏÜÀ ÌÀÌÀÓ ÏáÔêÁÀ
`pirveli SvilisTvis
akvani karg mamas gamouTlia"...
qarTvelur enebSi, rogorc cnobilia, gvaqvs saxelis saxelTan
SeTanxmebis SemTxvevebi. saxeluri Sesityveba gulisxmobs
msazRvrel
sazRvrulis urTierTobas.
„SeTanxmebuli saxeli an formiTac imave brunvaSi dgas, raSic
sazRvruli, an ivaraudeba imave brunvaSi. qarTulSi
boloTanxmovniani
saxeli amJamadac eTanxmeba sazRvruls brunvebSi da zogjer imave
niS-
nebsac irTavs, rasac sazRvruli. Zv. qarTulSi sul misdevda.
svanurSi
aseTi SeTanxmeba Cans zogierT zedsarTav, ricxviT da
nacvalsaxelTan:
gansakuTrebiT es SeTanxmeba SesaZlebelia kuTvnilebiT da
CvenebiT
nacvalsaxelebTan, -eeee-ze dasrulebul zedsarTav da ricxviT
saxelebTan
da gaqvavebul SedarebiT xarisxebTan: xoCaxoCaxoCaxoCa,
xolaxolaxolaxola... isic iqcevs yuradRe-
bas, rom gansazRvrebas saxelobiTSi sxva forma aqvs da danarCen
brun-
vebSi – sxva- erTnairi (ÈæÄÈÍÄ âðÍ `TeTri xari"; ÈæÄÈÍÀ/êÌ âðÍÃ
`TeTrma
xarma"...). mravlobiT ricxvSi SeTanxmeba ar aris, rogorc es
Tanamedrove
qarTulSia: ÁéÂÉ ÌêÒóË `magari kacebi"; ÃÀÌÁÀË àæðÃðÒ `dabali
kedlebi"...
sxva brunvebSi igivea, rac mxolobiTSi" (13, 273).
„g. rozenidan moyolebuli dRemde svanuris Sesaxeb arsebul
grama-
tikul literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom prepoziciuli
boloTanxmovniani
msazRvreli sazRvrulTan urTierTobisas ucvlelia brunvaSi (28,
48-49).
unda aRiniSnos, rom svanuris yvela dialeqtSi, prepoziciur
boloTanxmovnian saxelTa msgavsad ucvlelia iiii, oooo, uuuu,
xmovnebze dabo-
loebuli msazRvreli saxelebic:
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ `rbili muxli“, ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û `Txupnia bavSvi“
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ-à ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û-Ã
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ-Ó ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û-Ó
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ-Û ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û-ÉÛ
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ-æÛ ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û-æÛ
-
- 20 -
ÈÏÚÉ ÙÖËÀÎ-à ÏËÃÏ-ÁÏËÃÏ ÁÄ×Û-Ã
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒ `amousvleli puri“
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒ-Ã
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒ-Ó
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒ-ÉÛ
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒ-æÛ
àîÒÖ ÃÉÀÒÃ
cnobilia, rom -aaaa, -eeee xmovnebze daboloebuli msazRvrelebi
ramde-
nadme ibrunvian, vinaidan erTi forma aqvT saxelobiTSi, meore
ki
micemiTSi, mag.: sax. xoCaxoCaxoCaxoCa qor „kargi saxli“,
TveTneTveTneTveTneTveTne koj „TeTri klde“,
moTxr. xoCamxoCamxoCamxoCam qord `kargma saxlma",
TTTTææææeTnemeTnemeTnemeTnem kojd `TeTrma kldem" da
sxv.
samecniero literaturaSi gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom „xSir
Sem-
TxvevaSi mmmm fleqsia ikargeba da moTxrobiTsa da momdevno
brunvebSi aaaa
daboloebiani micemiTis fuZe batondeba. gvaqvs paraleluri formebi
xoxoxoxo----
CamCamCamCam qord||xoCaxoCaxoCaxoCa qord,
TTTTææææeTnameTnameTnameTnam kojs||TTTTææææeTnaeTnaeTnaeTna kojs.
am paraleluri for-
mebidan kodoris xeobis svanur soflebSi ugamonaklisod gatarebulia
aaaa
daboloebiani micemiTis fuZe, mmmm fleqsia ki dakargulia“ (28,
49).
analogiuri viTareba dasturdeba qvemosvanur dialeqtebSi, maT
Soris ColurulSic, sada aaaa daboloebiani micemiTis fuZe
dasturdeba
(meSxameSxameSxameSxa JeRd, maxamaxamaxamaxa qord), Tumca, unda
aRiniSnos, rom upiratesoba eniWeba
eeee xmovnian brunvis formebs (meSxemeSxemeSxemeSxe JeRd,
maxemaxemaxemaxe qord).
rac Seexeba substantiur prepoziciur msazRvrels svanurSi, igi
qvemosvanur dialeqtebsa da ColurulSi brunvisniSniseuli
Tanxmovnis (-
SSSS-s) gareSe dasturdeba (amsamsamsamsæaldaldaldald-aaaa Sgæir
„adamianis sircxvili“, WaSWaSWaSWaS-iiii
nazgêl „qmris naSromi“, Sdr.: amsæald-aS „adamianis“, WaS-iS
„qmris“),
gansxvavebiT zemosvanuri dialeqtebisagan, sadac (balszemourSi
iSvi-
aTad, balsqvemourSi xSirad) msazRvrels naTesaobiTis niSani
srulad
aqvs SenarCunebuli.
svanurSic, sxva qarTveluri enebis msgavsad, dasturdeba naTe-
saobiTSi dasmuli saxelis postpozicia. msazRvreli aseT
SemTxvevaSi
brunvis niSans irTavs da marTul-SeTanxmebuli xdeba. mag.:
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- 21 -
ØÀ ÌÀàÊæÒÄ ËÖÓÃÂæðÒÓ æÏØæÒðÛ (bz.) `momWris nawnavebs
oqrosas"
ËÀÎÒÀÚÉÓ ÀÌêÒÄá æÉÓÊæÉÛÓ (Col.) `saarayes amzadeben
vaSlisas"...
svanurisaTvis postpoziciuri wyoba rom ucxo ar iyo, amas
poeziac
mowmobs, kerZod „gvaqvs Sto-gvaridan warmomavlobis aRmniSvneli
zed-
sarTavebi, romlebic poeziis nimuSebSi postpoziciuri wyobiT
aris
warmodgenili“ (48, 126).
§ 3. § 3. § 3. § 3. marTvamarTvamarTvamarTva. marTva hqvia
sityvaTa iseT sintaqsur damokidebulebas,
rodesac gabatonebuli sityva moiTxovs damokidebulisgan iseT
formas,
romelic mas an TviTon ara aqvs am momentSi an arc SeiZleba
hqondes
saerTod (arn. Ciqobava).
gvaqvs marTvis Semdegi SemTxvevebi: 1. marTva saxelsa da
zmnas
Soris: saxeli marTavs (e. i. moiTxovs) zmnas pirSi; 2. marTva
zmnasa da
saxels Soris: zmna marTavs (moiTxovs) saxels brunvaSi, da 3.
marTva
uformo sityvasa, nawilaksa (Tandebulsa) da saxels Soris.
Sesabamisad
gamoiyofa mmmmmarTvelimarTvelimarTvelimarTveli: 1. qvemdebare,
subieqti Semasmenlisa, 2. pirdapiri
da iribi damateba Semasmenlisa pirSi, 3. Semasmeneli
qvemdebarisa da
damatebebisa brunvaSi, 4. uformo sityva ubralo damatebisa da
garemo-
ebisa brunvaSi. marTuliamarTuliamarTuliamarTulia: 1. qvemdebare
da damateba (yvela saxisa)
Semasmenlis mier brunvaSi, 2. Semasmeneli qvemdebarisa da
pirdapiri da
iribi damatebebis mier pirSi, da 3. ubralo damateba da
garemoeba
uformo sityvis mier brunvaSi.
marTvis mxriv svanurSi sruliad qarTuliseburi mdgomareoba
gvaqvs (13, 266).
SesityvebaSi – WWWWyintyintyintyint asxlaasxlaasxlaasxlaææææiiii
`biWi sxlavs" WyintWyintWyintWyint –saxeli marTu-
lia zmnis mier saxelobiT brunvaSi, zmna rom sxva seriaSi
gadaviyvanoT,
igi saxels sxva brunvaSi moiTxovs: WyintWyintWyintWyint----dddd
adsxalæe `biWma gasxla",
WyintsWyintsWyintsWyints oTsxalæa `biWs gausxlavs". e. i am
SemTxvevaSi saxelis forma
damokidebulia zmnis formaze, zmnam masTan SesityvebaSi myofi
wevrisgan
moiTxova is forma (brunvis kategoria), romelic mas saerTod ar
gaaCnia.
SesityvebaSi _ mezmezmezmezæbelibelibelibeli
muSkmuSkmuSkmuSkæralralralral `mezoblis stumrebi" mTavari
sityvaa muSkmuSkmuSkmuSkæralralralral „stumrebi“,
mezmezmezmezæbelibelibelibeli „mezoblis“ ki maszea damoki-
debuli. sityvam muSkmuSkmuSkmuSkæralralralral rom brunva
icvalos, damokidebuli (mezmezmezmezæbebebebe----
-
- 22 -
lililili) mainc naesaobiT brunvaSi darCeba: mezæbeli
muSkæral-dddd, mezæbeli
muSkæral-ssss, mezæbeli muSkæral-æSSSS... maSasadame, mTavari
sityva
damokidebuls moiTxovs (marTavs) naTesaobiT brunvaSi.
SesityvebaSi Semaval sityvaTa daqvemdebareba SeiZleba iyos
calm-
xrivi da saurTierTo. calmxriviacalmxriviacalmxriviacalmxrivia
daqvemdebarebadaqvemdebarebadaqvemdebarebadaqvemdebareba, rodesac
wyvilis
calTagan erTi gabatonebulia, meore – daqvemdebarebuli.
daqvemdeba-
rebuli ver axdens gavlenas pirvelis formaze:
nnnnêTuaraleTuaraleTuaraleTuarale qorqorqorqor
„naTesavebis saxli“, aq daqvemdebarebuli sityva
nnnnêTuaraleTuaraleTuaraleTuarale ver axdens
gavlenas gabatonebuli sityvis – qorqorqorqor-is formaze.
saurTierToasaurTierToasaurTierToasaurTierToa
daqvemdebarebadaqvemdebarebadaqvemdebarebadaqvemdebareba, rodesac
SesityvebaSi Semavali
wevrebi erTmaneTze axdenen gavlenas. isini erTmaneTis mimarT
damqvem-
debareblebic arian da daqvemdebarebulebic.
saurTierTosaurTierTosaurTierTosaurTierTo Cveulebriv
aris marTvamarTvamarTvamarTva. saanalizod aviRoT ori sintagma:
meCimeCimeCimeCiílarlarlarlar ababababërgexrgexrgexrgex
`moxucebi Toxnian" da meCimeCimeCimeCiílardlardlardlard
adbadbadbadbërgexrgexrgexrgex `moxucebma daToxnes". pirvel
SesityvebaSi saxeli meCimeCimeCimeCiílarlarlarlar iTanxmebs
zmnas (ababababërgexrgexrgexrgex) mr. ricxvSi da
marTavs mesame pirSi. da, piriqiT, zmna
ababababërgexrgexrgexrgex marTavs saxels (meCimeCimeCimeCi----
ílarlarlarlar) saxelobiT brunvaSi. asevea meore SemTxvevaSic
(meCimeCimeCimeCiílardlardlardlard
adbadbadbadbërgexrgexrgexrgex), oRond, pirveli wyvilisgan
gansxvavebiT, saxeli zmnis mier
marTulia moTxrobiT brunvaSi.
rogorc samecniero literaturaSi miuTiTeben, „saurTierTo
marTva
gvaqvs winadadebis mTavar wevrTa Soris, calmxrivi ki mTavarsa
da
aramTavar an TviT aramTavar wevrTa Soris“ (27, 164).
I da II pirian gardauval winadadebaSi qvemdebare saxelobiT
brun-
vaSia dasmuli, subieqtis mier zmna-Semasmenlis marTva pirSi
calmxrivia,
radgan zmna ver marTavs qvemdebares sxva brunvebSi: (Col.)
CuCuCuCu sgsgsgsgîrdardardarda
ejiejiejieji `ijda is", CCCCæesgesgesgesgîrdardardarda
ejiejiejieji `dajda is", CCCCæalsguralsguralsguralsgurëlililili
ejiejiejieji `damjdara
is"; eji xonÃri ejis `is mihyveba mas", eji loxénÃêr ejis `is
gahyva mas",
eji laxénÃrëna / inena ejis `is gahyolia mas"...
gardamaval II da III sampirian zmnebTan, qarTulis msgavsad,
marTva
saurTierToa. qvemdebare yvela pirSi marTavs Semasmenels (mag.,
Ñ'ÏáæÉÊ ÌÉ
ÄãÉ `aviRe me is", Ñ'ÄáÉÊ ÓÉ ÄãÉ `aiRe Sen is", Ñ'ÄÍÊÉà ÄãÍëÌ
ÄãÉ `aiRo man is")
da, amave dros qvemdebare imarTvis zmnis mier sam brunvaSi: I
seriaSi
saxelobiTSi (áÏÓÚÉ ÌéËéÍÔÄá `ukeTebs lentexeli"), II seriaSi
moTxro-
-
- 23 -
biTSi (ÏáÓÚÄ ÌéËéÍÔÄá-à `gaukeTa lentexelma") da III seriaSi
micemiTSi
(ÏáÓÚÀ ÌéËéÍÔÄá-Ó `gaukeTebia lentexels").
rogorc ganxilulma masalam aCvena, svanurSic, qarTulis
msgavsad,
zmnebi SeiZleba iyos erTpiriani, orpiriani da sampiriani,
romlebTanac
dakavSirebulia saTanado saxeli Tu saxelebi. zmnebisa da
saxelebis
sintaqsuri damokidebuleba araerTgvarovania: gardauval zmnasTan
subi-
eqti saxelobiTSia, gardamavalTan ki brunvacvalebadi, gvxvdeba
sam
(saxelobiT, moTxrobiT da micemiT) brunvaSi. brunvacvalebadi
or
(saxelobiT da micemiT) brunvaSia, xolo e. w. iribi obieqti
yovelTvis
erT (micemiT) brunvaSi dasturdeba.
aRniSnul SemTxvevaSi zmnasa da masTan dakavSirebul saxelebs
Soris rTuli sintaqsuri urTierToba yalibdeba. orpiriani da
sampiri-
ani zmna marTavs masTan sintaqsurad dakavSirebul morfologiuri
subi-
eqtisa da morfologiuri obieqtis brunvebs da subieqti da
obieqti
marTaven zmnis pirs, amave dros saxeli iTanxmebs zmnas ricxvSi,
e i.
gvaqvs saurTierTo marTva. amgvar SesityvebebSi mxolod mmarTavi
da
marTuli wevri ar moipoveba: mmarTavi erTi niSnis mixedviT
marTulia
meore wevris mier sxva niSnis mixedviT: zmna marTavs saxelis
brunvas,
magram misi piri imarTvis saxelisagan, zmnis ricxvis formac
ganpi-
robebulia saxelis mier.
arn. Ciqobavam naSromSi „martivi winadadebis problema
qarTulSi“
ganixila yvela SesaZlo kombinacia da zmnisa da saxelebis aseT
urTi-
erTobas uwoda koordinacia: „am rTul sintaqsur urTierTobas,
am
saurTierTosaurTierTosaurTierTosaurTierTo
marTvasmarTvasmarTvasmarTvas, vuwodebT koordinacias.
relatiurrelatiurrelatiurrelatiur
gardamavalgardamavalgardamavalgardamaval----
zmnianizmnianizmnianizmniani
winadadebiswinadadebiswinadadebiswinadadebis
meqanizmsmeqanizmsmeqanizmsmeqanizms qmnisqmnisqmnisqmnis
koordinaciakoordinaciakoordinaciakoordinacia (da ara ubralo
marTva)“
(52, 215).
avtorma amave naSromSi, SesityvebaSi sintaqsuri siZlieris
mixedviT gamoyo „SemasmeneliSemasmeneliSemasmeneliSemasmeneli –
mekoordinacie zmna; koordinaciis Zafebi
masSi iyris Tavs; amdenadve igia koordinaciis centri,
ZiriTadiZiriTadiZiriTadiZiriTadi
koordinatikoordinatikoordinatikoordinati; 2. didididididididi
koordinatikoordinatikoordinatikoordinati (saxeli, romelic imarTvis
brunvaSi
Semasmenel-zmnis mier, marTavs Semasmenels pirSi da iTanxmebs
orive
ricxvSi); 3. mciremciremciremcire
koordinatikoordinatikoordinatikoordinati (saxeli, romelic imarTvis
brunvaSi
Semasmenel-zmnis mier, marTavs Semasmenels pirSi, magram
iTanxmebs
-
- 24 -
mravlobiT ricxvSi; 4. umciresiumciresiumciresiumciresi
koordinatikoordinatikoordinatikoordinati (saxeli, romelic
imarTvis
brunvaSi Semasmenel-zmnis mier, iTanxmebs zmnas ricxvSi, magram
ver
marTavs pirSi)“ (52, 219).
§ 4. mirTvamirTvamirTvamirTva. . . . `sityva, romelic mierTvis
sxva sityvas, iwodeba
mirTulad. mirTuli sityva arc eTanxmeba romelsame sityvas, arc
imar-
Tvis romelime sityvis mier, igi ase vTqvaT Sesityvebis
Tavisufali
wevria. misi arseboba SesityvebaSi gamarTlebulia ara sityvaTa
urTi-
erTobiT, aramed azris saWiroebiT" (52, 66).
arn. Ciqobava mirTvas `urTierTobis nol-formad" miiCnevs da
Tvlis, rom SeiZleba igi arc yofiliyo sintaqsSi gansaxilveli, rom
ara
erTi garemoeba: `mirTva Soreul kavSirSi imyofeba marTvasTan,
mirTva
nulamde dayvanili marTvaa, marTvis dasustebis xaziT
mivdivarT
mirTvisaken. am xazze ki SeiZleba Segvxvdes iseTi movlenebi,
romelTa
Sesaxeb Znelia Tqma, marTvaa igi Tu mirTva" (52, 120.)
mirTvis wevrebia _ mimrTveli da mirTuli. wamyvani sityva,
Cve-
ulebriv, piriani zmnaa, an saxelzmna, xolo mirTulia uformo
sityvebi
(zmnisarTebi), agreTve garemoeba, gadmocemuli Tandebuliani
saxeliT da
Tandebulis mniSvnelobiT gamoyenebuli zmnizedebiT.
mirTvaSi, rogorc ukve aRiniSna, ivaraudeba sityvaTa
Sinaarsobli-
vi kavSiri da misi gamocnobac advilia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
sintagmaSi
zmnasTan Sewyobilia uformo sityva (garemoeba). am SemTxvevaSi
mirTva
udavoa.
rogorc cnobilia, garemoeba gadmoicema Tandebuliani
saxelebiTac
(saxursaxursaxursaxuravzeavzeavzeavze avida,
sxvenzesxvenzesxvenzesxvenze awyvia) da iseTi saxelebiTac,
romelTac
axlavs Tandebulis mniSvnelobiT gamoyenebuli zmnizedebi
(sabZelssabZelssabZelssabZels iqiTiqiTiqiTiqiT
gasZaxa), `am tipis garemoebebic mirTulia zmnasTan, oRond
gansxvavebiT
zmnizedebiT gadmocemul garemoebaTagan, aseTi garemoebebi, amave
dros
SualobiTSualobiTSualobiTSualobiT marTulimarTulimarTulimarTuli
saxelebia. isini imarTvian brunvaSi zmnebis mier
Tandebulebisa da Tandebulad gamoyenebuli zmnizedebis meSveobiT.
e.i.
gvaqvs SualobiTi marTva" (27, 163.).
samecniero literaturaSi azrTa sxvadasxvaobas iwvevs
SemTxvevebi,
rodesac sintagmaSi zmnasTan gvxvdeba Tandebuliani an moqmedebiTi
brun-
-
- 25 -
viT gadmocemuli saxeli `...saqme Wirs TandebulTan da moqm.
brunvis
SemTxvevebSi, ukanaskneli forma Cndeba gardamaval da gardauval
zmneb-
Tan: mokla TofiTTofiTTofiTTofiT, wavida fexiTfexiTfexiTfexiT...
... ... ... ra vivaraudoT aq: marTva Tu mirTva?
Tu davuSvebT, rom aseT pirobebSi mxolod es brunva SeiZleba iyos
da
ara sxva, maSin marTvaa; magram Tu movigonebT, rom
gardauvali
erTpiriani zmna marTvis unaris gareSea, maSin mirTva daiSveba da
marTva
gamoiricxeba. _ es erTi. meorec: Tandebuliani brunvebi am
TvalsazrisiT
nebismierad nawildebian marTulad da mirTulad. Tu mxolod erTi
Tandebuliani brunva unda iyos zmnasTan Tu nazmnar saxelTan da
sxva
brunviT misi Secvla ar SeiZleba, maSin marTvaao _ fiqroben;
Tu
SeiZleba, maSin mirTvaao _ amboben; mag: xelSixelSixelSixelSi
uWiravs, TavSiTavSiTavSiTavSi mouvi-
da…xelSixelSixelSixelSi, TavSiTavSiTavSiTavSi... ... ... ...
marTuli gamodis. magram magidasTanmagidasTanmagidasTanmagidasTan
dgas _ magidasTanmagidasTanmagidasTanmagidasTan
mirTulia, radganac mas SevcvliT sxva Tandebuliani brunvebiT:
magidismagidismagidismagidis
qveSqveSqveSqveS dgas, magidazemagidazemagidazemagidaze
dgas…aSkaraa, Tu Tandebuliani forma erT
SemTxvevaSi marTulia, meore SemTxvevaSi ratom unda iyos is
mirTuli?
formaSi xom araa gansxvaveba? amas xom ar vityviT brunvebis
Sesaxeb?
micemiTi brunvaa yvelgan da yovelTvis marTulia. gamonaklisi
ar
SeiZleba iyos. SeiZleba Tqvan: Tandebuliani brunvis xmarebasa da
marTu-
lad Tu mis miCnevas zmna gansazRvravso, magram arc es iqneba
marTali:
TavSiTavSiTavSiTavSi aqvsaqvsaqvsaqvs, , , ,
xelSixelSixelSixelSi aqvsaqvsaqvsaqvs... ... ... ... TiTqos
idiomaturi Tqmaa, magram amasac vcvliT
da vambobT: xelTxelTxelTxelT aqvs..." (13, 278)
v. Tofurias azriT, `sabolood unda dadgindes sad Tavdeba
marTva
da sad iwyeba mirTva. marTvasa da mirTvas Soris unda daidvas
zRvari"
da sabolood askvnis, rom yvela Tandebuliani brunva marTulia,
Tundac
mas sxva Tandebuliani brunva ar enacvlebodes, xolo
Tandebuliani
brunvebi amave dros `mirTulebi arian" (13, 278).
svanuri mirTva, rogorc samecniero literaturidanaa cnobili,
qarTulTan mimarTebaSi arsebiT da principul sxvaobas ar
avlens,
gansxvaveba, ZiriTadad, gamoxatvis saSualebebsa da formaTa
mravalfe-
rovnebaSi igrZnoba.
cnobilia isic, rom mirTuli sityvebi zmnisarTebiTa da
Tandebu-
lebiT gadmoicema, svanuri ki sakmaod mdidaria zmnizedebiTa
da
TandebulebiT.
-
- 26 -
`garemoebis gadmocema zmnizedis ZiriTadi sintaqsuri funqciaa"
(19,
129), Tumca garemoeba SeiZleba gadmoices brunviani sityviTac
uTandebulod an Tandebulis darTviT.
iseve, rogorc sxva qarTvelur enebSi, svanurSic agebulebis
mixed-
viT gamoiyofa zmnisarTTa ori jgufi; pirveladi (Zireuli anu
odin-
deli) da nawarmoebi zmnisarTebi.
odindel zmnisarTebSi `morfologiuri segmentacia (Zireul da
afiqsur morfemaTa gamoyofa) sinqroniuli TvalsazrisiT
SeuZlebelia"
(29, 276.).
svanurSi pirvelad zmnisarTTa ricxvi mwiria, esenia eCeeCeeCeeCe
`iq", bbbbêzizizizi
`amaRam", llllëTiTiTiTi `wuxel", ladiladiladiladi|llllðdidididi
`dRes", mmmméxarxarxarxar||mmmméxxxxðrrrr `xval",
lehnalehnalehnalehna (zs.)
leÁleÁleÁleÁnananana (Col.) ||llllënananana|nnnnënananana (lSx.)
`SarSan", qqqqðmmmm (bq.) ||qqqqêmmmm (lSx.) ||qqqqómmmm (Col.)
`gareT", surusurusurusuru `metad", uqbouqbouqbouqboæSSSS (Col.)
||uqobouqobouqobouqoboæSSSS (lnt.) `malulad", aTxeaTxeaTxeaTxe
`axla", ddddísgsgsgsg (lSx.) ||ddddísksksksk (Col.) `adre",
ajaRajaRajaRajaR (lSx.) ||ajaxajaxajaxajax (Col.) `kidev",
mankmankmankmankæiiii `jer", CiqeCiqeCiqeCiqe `jer"...…
mocemuli garemoebebi sintagmaSi zmna-Semasmenels mirTviT
ukav-
Sirdeba:
CiqeCiqeCiqeCiqe sofel iTiSda (bz., svan. qrest., 95) `jer
sofeli irCevda"
ÂîÍ ÃÀÒà ÌêÌ ÌêÒ (lSx., iqve, 255) `Zaan ar vdardob"
ÀÛÈØÀ ÍÀÈáæÉÀÒÀÓ ÀÃÂÀÒÉ ÌÀÍÊæÉ (iqve, 253) `make nadirs klavs
jer"
ËëÎÍÀ ÏÈÆéÆ (Col.) `SarSan gavagzavne"
ÖØÁíæÛ ÖØÁíæÛ ÖØÁíæÛ ÖØÁíæÛ ÏÈßæìËÄÍ (Col.) `malulad, Cumad
gavTxovdi" da a. S.
odindel zmnisarTTa simciris gamo, ena ganviTarebis
kvaldakval
sxvadasxva xerxs mimarTavs zmnizedaTa Sesaqmnelad da Sesabamisad
nawar-
moebi zmnizedebi miRebulia mravali gziT.
al. oniani svanurSi nawarmoeb zmnizedaTa Semdeg jgufebs
gamo-
yofs, 1. afiqsebi, romlebic gamoxatulebis planSi brunvis niSnebs
emTx-
veva, 2. afiqsebi, romlebic saxelebSi Tandebulebad iwodeba, 3.
afiqsebi,
romlebic mxolod zmnizedebSi dasturdeba... (29, 276).
Cveni dakvirvebiT, aqve unda gamoiyos svanurSi mimReobur
formebze
micimiTi brunvis niSnis -anananan-is darTviT miRebuli drois
garemoebaTa
jgufi. maT qarTul ekvivalentebs garemoebaTa iseTi semantika
aqvT, ro-
melTac Tandebulis mniSvnelobiT gamoyenebuli zmnizedebi axlavT.
mag.:
-
- 27 -
llllé----nboznboznboznboz----anananan `daRamebuls
mere|daRamebulze", llllé----marmarmarmar----anananan `gamzadebuls
me-
re||gamzadebulze", llllé----llllëTTTT----anananan `daRamebuls
mere",
llllé----ddddÁÁÁÁarararar----anananan||llllé----ddddìrrrr----anananan
`Wamis Semdeg", llllé----mCmCmCmC----anananan `daberebuls mere",
llllé----kkkkêffff----anananan `waqcevis Semdeg",
lulululu----xxxxæìrrrr----anananan `dangrevis Semdeg",
llllé----ìrrrr----anananan `daweris Semdeg",
llllé----WbidWbidWbidWbid----anananan
`damwyvdevis Semdeg", llllé----tyctyctyctycênnnn----anananan
`cemis Semdeg":
ËéÆÂéÒÀÍ ÀÍâÀÃá ÍÉÛÂÄÛðÒ (bq.) `dasrulebis Semdeg movidnen
Cvenebi"
ÝæÃà ËÉ ÂêÍÀÒÄ ËÉÔáÄ ËéÔÚÝêÍÀÍ (lSx.) `tyuilia samagieros
gadaxda
cemis Semdeg"
ÓÂ'íÈÛÂÄÁÍíË Äã ÂæÄÛÀ ËÖæØÏÁÀÍ, ÎÀÙÏ ÉÌ áæÉÜÌÉÍÀÓ?! (Col.)
`Seuvarde-
bodi im saqmis damalvis Semdeg, aba ras vizamdi?!" da misT.
aRniSnuli garemoebebi mirTulia zmna-SemasmenelTan da
amasTanave
gvaqvs SualobiTi marTvac.
samecniero literaturaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis Tanaxmad,
zmni-
zedaTa im jgufis Sesaxeb, romelsac brunvis niSani axlavs azrTa
sxva-
dasxvaobaa; mkvlevarTa erTi jgufi mas gaqvavebul brunvis niSnebs
uwo-
debs, xolo sakuTriv zmnizedebs _ saxelis gaqvavebul formebs,
nawili
ki brunvis niSanTa ubralo damTxvevaze msjelobs (29, 276).
brunvaTagan gamoyenebulia micemiTi, moqmedebiTi da
viTarebiTi.
micemiTimicemiTimicemiTimicemiTi brunvabrunvabrunvabrunva:
ÄÜØÀ----Ó ÌÄÈáæÉÀÒÀ ÍÄÁÏÆÓ ÄáàÀÌá ÓÏ×ÄËÓ (lSx., svan. qrest.,
251) `maSin
monadireebi saRamos gamoyvnen sofels"
ÛÏÌÀ----Óì ÌÄÊæÀà ÄÜØêæ ÀÌÍÄÁÄà (Col.) `roca mindoda maSin
dagenebe-
binaT"
ãíÃÉÀ----Ó ÌÄÌÂéÍêÍ ËÀÝÄÍÃÖËÀ (Col.) `Sors meguleboda
sabudari"
ÄÜØÀ----Ó ÓÊ’ðÌÄÜÄÃÄËÉ ØÏÒáÏ (lnt., iqve, 310) `maSin Sesula
saxlSi".
moqmedebiTimoqmedebiTimoqmedebiTimoqmedebiTi
brunvabrunvabrunvabrunva.:
ËëÈËëÈËëÈËëÈ----æÛæÛæÛæÛ ÖÊæêÒÉÄËÀà ÜæÀÛÚÄà ØÏÒÓ (Col.) `RamiT
wanwalis gareSe
(`ugdeblad") daegde saxlSi"
æÄÃ----æÛ ÏÈØêÁÄ ØÀ (lSx.) `Zlivs auara gverdi"
viTarebiTiviTarebiTiviTarebiTiviTarebiTi
brunvabrunvabrunvabrunva.:
ÄÜØÀ----à ÄÜÉÓ ËéÌðÆæÄÁËÉá (lnt., svan. qrest., 315) `manamde
imas Wamdnen"
ÖÒÈØÌÄË----ÃÃÃà ËêÐÀÒ ÂæÉÄ ËÀáìÐêÒ----à (Col.) `moulodnelad
wamoxta,
gulis gasaxeTqad"
-
- 28 -
ÐÄÐÉÓ ÓÀÜØæÀÒÓì áêæÃÖÃÀá ÀÈáÀÀÈáÀÀÈáÀÀÈáÀ----ÃÃÃà (lSx., iqve.,
237) `naTlias saCuqarsac
aZlevdnen aqamde"
aTxelaTxelaTxelaTxel----dddd amJi demeg xemTqunx (bq.)
`manamde||aqamde| (`axlad") ase ar
sÜveodaT"
drois aRmniSvnel viTarebiT brunvis niSnian
aTxaaTxaaTxaaTxa----dddd `aqamde" da
eCqaeCqaeCqaeCqa----dddd `manamde" formebs xSir SemTxvevaSi
martivi an rTuli Tandebulebi
daerTvis mag.:
aTxelaTxelaTxelaTxel----dddd----TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa ali demeg
mixalda (bq.) ,,aqamde es ar vicodi"
aTxaaTxaaTxaaTxa----dddd----nunnunnunnun----enenenenì mawxïn,
mare lamæordebïn (Col.) `aqamdec mWirdeboda,
magram momerida”
ime xard aTxaaTxaaTxaaTxa----dddd----TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa?! (Col)
`sad iyavi aqamde?!"
aTxaaTxaaTxaaTxa----dddd----nunnunnunnun||aTxadaTxadaTxadaTxad----nnnnînnnn----enenenen||aTxaaTxaaTxaaTxa----dddd----nunnunnunnun----TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa
ÏÂæêÃÀ ÄãÎÀÒÄ ÍÀÆéÆ ÊÉÌëÙìË
(Col.) `aqamde gveyo imaTi gamogzavnili yveli (`patara
Tavi")"
sakmaod mravalferovan suraTs iZleva al. onianis mier
gamoyofili
zmnisarTTa is jgufi, romelic warmoebulia ----inininin
(skskskskæebinebinebinebin (lnt.) |sgobinsgobinsgobinsgobin
(lSx. Col.)||sgsgsgsgæebinebinebinebin ( Col.)), xixixixi----
(eCeCeCeC----xixixixi `ufro iqeT", qaqaqaqa----xixixixi `ufro
gareT"...),
----nnnn (hamhamhamham----nnnn iiii naboznaboznaboznaboz----nnnn
`dilidan saRamomde", JJJJê----nnnn `zeviT"…), -bbbb
(----JJJJê----bbbb `zeviT",
CCCCæê----bbbb `qveviT"...), lelelele---- (leqleqleqleqæaaaa
`qveviT", lelelele----JaJaJaJa `zeviT"...), -CuCuCuCu
(eCeeCeeCeeCe----CuCuCuCu `iq", ameameameame----CuCuCuCu
`aq"...), ----iiii (llllëTTTT----iiii `wuxel",
llllðdeRdeRdeRdeR----iiii `dRes"...) mawarmoeblebiT 29,
277-278).
davasaxeloT magaliTebi:
ÄÜÄÜÖ áÏÜÀ ÌêÒÄ ÉÁÍÀ ËìÌÁæóËÓ (bz., svan. qrest., 95) `iq kargi
kaci
iwyebda saubars"
ÓÊæÄÁÉÍ áÏÑÄÙæ ÈæÄÈæÄÍÄ ËÄÒÄØæ (lnt., iqve, 306) `win miuZRvis
TeTri
samosi"
ËéÂËéËÄ ÊÀÁéËÓ ÌÀ ÓÊæÄÁÉÍÜÖ ÉÒÄØæÀËÃÀ É ÌÀ ÙæÄÛÊÉÌÜÖ (iqve,
323)
`daxeul kabas xan winidan ifaravda da xan uknidan"
ÓÂÏÁÉÍ ËÄÌÄÓ ÂæÀßÖáæÀæÉ, ÙÏÛÂÉÍ ÌéÝáÉ (lSx., svan. qrest., 251)
`win
cecxli gvawuxebs, ukan sicive"
ÓÂ’íÈÓÂÉÃÃÀà ÓÂêÍÜÖ É Ü’ÏÓßæëÍÄà ÃÄÛÃæ (iqve, 255.) `CavixedeT
SigniT
da davinaxeT daTvi"
ÑêÍ ÏÓßæÄÍ, ÄÓÙïÒÃÀ (Col.) `zeviT davinaxe, midioda"
-
- 29 -
rogorc cnobilia, svanurSi garemoebaTa didi nawili TandebulTa
mieraa warmoebuli da mirTvis ganxilvis SemTxvevaSi
Tandebulebs
gverds ver avuvliT.
svanurSi ganarCeven martiv da rTul Tandebulebs. martivia:
----JiJiJiJi||----JJJJìnnnn
(bz., lnt.) `ze", ----CuCuCuCu (sv.) /----CCCCînnnn (bz., lnt.)
`qve", ----isgaisgaisgaisga (zs.) /----iskaiskaiskaiska (lnt.)
/----
isaisaisaisa (lSx., Col.) `Si", ----qaqaqaqa `ga", ----TeTeTeTe
`-ken, -Si", ----xoxoxoxo (lnt.) `ken", ----SalSalSalSal (bq.,
lnt.) ||SSSSêllll (bz., lSx., Col.) `-viT", ----xxxxðnnnn (bz.,
lnt.) /xenxenxenxen (bq., lSx., Col.,
lnt.) `dan", ----caxcaxcaxcaxðnnnn (zs., lnt.)
/caxancaxancaxancaxan (lSx., Col.) `-Tan", ----nunnunnunnun (lSx.)
/----nnnnénnnn
(Col.) `-mde", ----muymuymuymuyæ (bz.) /----mmmméyyyy (sv.)
/moymoymoymoy (lnt., lSx., Col.) /miymiymiymiy (bq.) `-Tan",
----
RaRaRaRa (sv.) `Tvis, gamo", ----RoRoRoRo `Semdeg"...
rTuli Tandebulebi miiReba martiv TandebulTa kombinaciiT. am
kombinaciaSi pirveli elementi aris ----TeTeTeTe, an
––––xxxxðnnnn||xanxanxanxan, meore elementi ki _
----JiJiJiJi, ----CuCuCuCu, , , , ----isgaisgaisgaisga, an
----qaqaqaqa, Sedegad vRebulobT rTul TandebulTa or rigs:
1: ----TeJiTeJiTeJiTeJi, ----TeCuTeCuTeCuTeCu, , , ,
----TeisgaTeisgaTeisgaTeisga (zs.) /----TeiskaTeiskaTeiskaTeiska
(lnt.) /----TTTTëÁÁÁÁsasasasa (lSx.)
/----TTTTëÁÁÁÁsasasasa||----
TTTTësasasasa (Col.), ----TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa,
2. ----xxxxðnJinJinJinJi (bz., lnt.) /----xenJixenJixenJixenJi
(bq., lSx., Col.), ----xxxxðnCunCunCunCu (bz., lnt.)
/----xenCuxenCuxenCuxenCu
(bq., lSx., Col.), ----xxxxðnisganisganisganisga (bz.)
/----xxxxðniskaniskaniskaniska (lnt.) /----xenisaxenisaxenisaxenisa
(bq., lSx., Col.), ----
xxxxðnqanqanqanqa (bz., lnt.) /----xenqaxenqaxenqaxenqa (bq.,
lSx., Col.)... CamoTvlili TandebulebiT
erTdroulad gamoixateba sagnis moqmedeba da mimarTuleba.
`rTuli Tandebuli damaxasiaTebelia mxolod svanurisaTvis. igi
Sedgeba mimarTulebis -TeTeTeTe plius Tandebul-windebuli
JiJiJiJi, CuCuCuCu, isgaisgaisgaisga, qaqaqaqa,
rac iZleva: ----TeJiTeJiTeJiTeJi, ----TeCuTeCuTeCuTeCu, , , ,
----TTTTëisgaisgaisgaisga|TTTTësgasgasgasga|TeTeTeTeÁÁÁÁsasasasa|TeTeTeTeÁÁÁÁsasasasa,
, , , TelisgaTelisgaTelisgaTelisga, , , , TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa
Tandebulebs" (13, 204).
al. oniani calke gamoyofs `leqsemaTa SezRudul nawilebTan
xmarebul rTul TandebulTa kidev erT tips, romelic
----xxxxðnnnn|----xanxanxanxan da ----TeTeTeTe, ----
qaqaqaqa, , , , ----CuCuCuCu elementTa kombinaciiT aris
warmoqmnili" (29, 279.), mag,
amamamam----xenxenxenxen----TeTeTeTe
`aqeTken", eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----TeTeTeTe `iqeTken",
amamamam----xenxenxenxen----qaqaqaqa `aqedan",
eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----qaqaqaqa `iqedan",
amamamam----xenxenxenxen----CuCuCuCu
`aqedan qvemoT", eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----CuCuCuCu `iqedan
qvemoT".
unda aRiniSnos, rom laSxursa da ColurulSi am tipis Tandebu-
lebSi dasturdeba ----xenxenxenxen Tandebulis gaormagebuli
warmoeba, mag; amamamam----xenxenxenxen----
xenxenxenxen----qaqaqaqa `aqedan",
amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----JiJiJiJi `iqidan
zeviT", eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----qaqaqaqa
`iqedan", eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----
JiJiJiJi `iqidan
zeviT",amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----CuCuCuCu `aqedan
qvemoT", eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----CuCuCuCu
`iqedan qvemoT",
-
- 30 -
Tumca msgavs warmoebas araviTari semantikuri niuansi ar
Semoaqvs
winadadebaSi, rasac sailustracio masalac adasturebs. mag.:
ÀÌáÄÍáÄÍØê ØÀ áæÀ×ÓÄÍÉ áÏÜÖË ÙæÉÍÄËÓ (lSx.) `aqidanac
gamoviyvan
ukeTes Rvinos"
ÄÎÊÀÎ ãíÃÉ ËÉ, ÄÒÄ ÀÌáÄÍáÄÍÜîÉ Ø’ëáÓÄÒêÍ (lSx.) `iseTi grZelia,
rom
aqedanac gadaemeta"
ÌðÎ áÀÊÖ ÓÄÒ ÄÜÀ ÄÜáÄÍáÄÍÑÉ ËìÚÉÓ? (Col.) `ra unda imis
iqidan
amoRebas?"
TanamedroveTa metyvelebaSi msgavsi zmnisarTebi arcTu
iSviaTad
gvxvdeba, Tumca, specialuri Ziebis miuxedavad, svanuris
qrestomaTiasa
da prozaul teqstebSi identuri magaliTebi ver aRmovaCineT.
svanuris sxva TandebulTagan gansxvavebiT,
xxxxðnnnn||xenxenxenxen Tandebuls yvela
dialeqtSi yovelTvis `gangangangan||dandandandan" Tandebulis
semantika aqvs da daSorebiT
mimarTulebas gamoxatavs:
ËÀÔËÉáðÍ É ËÄÍãóÒáðÍ ÀÍâÉÃá ÌíÒæðÒ (bz., svan. qrest., 94)
`latalidan
da lenjeridan moiyvanes Suamavlebi"
ÝÉÝáæðÒáÄÍ âðÉÛÃÈÄ ÉÛÂæÉà ÊÉËÏÌÄÔÒ áÏÆÉ (bq., iqve, 204)
`cicx-
vnaridan xaiSamde Svidi kilometria"
ðËÎðÒ ÚÉÀÜÖ ðÍÒÄÊ, ÄÛæÉ ÀÛæáÄÍÜÖ É ÌÄÒÌÄ ÌÄÒÌÀáÄÍÜÖ (bq., iqve,
94 216)
`eseni yelze Camoikida erTi erTi mxridan da meore meore
mxridan"
ÆÖÒÀËÄËÓ ØÀ ËÄØêÁÉ áëÒêá ØÏÒÀËáÄÍØÀ (lSx., iqve, 243) `qalebs
gasari-
debeli eqnebaT saxlebidan"
ãéÌÉË-ÃÀÜæÉÒ _ ÀÛáæáÄÍ É Ãðæ _ ÌÄÒÁÀáÄÍ (lnt., iqve, 318)
`da-Zma _ er-
Ti mxridan da devi _ meoredan"
ÌéàÈÖÍÄ ÓÂÏÁÉÍáÄÍ áÄÂÍíË ËéÈÉÛÓ (Col.) `damwyevli winidan
udgeboda
arCeuls"...
lentexur dialeqtSi iSviaTad -xenxenxenxen Tandebuli
reducurebuli
saxiT warmogvidgeba. mag.:
liTæef axobinax
eCexneCexneCexneCexn----amexnisaamexnisaamexnisaamexnisa (lnt.,
svan. qrest., 309) `srola
dauwyiaT iqidan da aqedan"...
svanuris dialeqtebSi ----JiJiJiJi da ----CuCuCuCu TandebulTagan
nawarmoeb adgili-
sa da viTarebis zmnisarTebs, aseve daerTvis sufiqsi
----nennennennen (Col.) ----nenenene /----nannannannan
/----nanananaÁÁÁÁ (lSx.) | ----nnnn (bz., lnt.), amis gamo
miiReba garTulebul formebi, Tumca
-
- 31 -
maTi darTva-daurTveloba Tanamedrove svanurSi aranair semantikur
sxva-
obas ar iZleva:
amJamJamJamJì----nnnnenenenen||amJamJamJamJì----nannannannan||amJamJamJamJì----nanananaÁÁÁÁ||amJiamJiamJiamJi----nnnn
`ase",
ejJejJejJejJì----nennennennen||ejJejJejJejJì----nannannannan||ejJejJejJejJì----
nanananaÁÁÁÁ||ejJiejJiejJiejJi----nnnn `ise",
amCamCamCamCî----nennennennen||amCamCamCamCî----nannannannan||amCamCamCamCî----nanananaÁÁÁÁ|||||amCuamCuamCuamCu----nnnn
`aq",
eSCeSCeSCeSCî----nennennennen||eSCeSCeSCeSCî----nannannannan||eSCeSCeSCeSCî----
nanananaÁÁÁÁ||eSCueSCueSCueSCu----nnnn `iq",
amxenJamxenJamxenJamxenJì----nennennennen||amxenJamxenJamxenJamxenJì----nannannannan||amxenJamxenJamxenJamxenJì----naÁÁÁÁ|amxenJiamxenJiamxenJiamxenJi----nnnn
`aqedan zeviT", eCeCeCeC----
xenxenxenxenJJJJì----nennennennen||eCxenJeCxenJeCxenJeCxenJì----nnnnanananan||eCxenJeCxenJeCxenJeCxenJì----nanananaÁÁÁÁ|||||eCxenJieCxenJieCxenJieCxenJi----nnnn
`iqedan zeviT",
amamamamxenCxenCxenCxenCî----nennennennen||amxenCamxenCamxenCamxenCî----
nannannannan||amxenCamxenCamxenCamxenCî----nanananaÁÁÁÁ||amxenCuamxenCuamxenCuamxenCu----nnnn
`aqedan qveviT",
amxenTeJamxenTeJamxenTeJamxenTeJì----nennennennen||amamamamxenxenxenxenTeJTeJTeJTeJì----nannannannan||amamamamxenxenxenxen----
TeJTeJTeJTeJìììì----nanananaÁÁÁÁ|||||amxenTeJiamxenTeJiamxenTeJiamxenTeJi----nnnn
`aqedan zeviT",
eCxenTeJeCxenTeJeCxenTeJeCxenTeJìnennennennen||eCxenTeJeCxenTeJeCxenTeJeCxenTeJì----nannannannan||eCeCeCeCxenxenxenxenTeJTeJTeJTeJì----
nanananaÁÁÁÁ|||||eCxenTeJieCxenTeJieCxenTeJieCxenTeJi----nnnn
`iqedan zeviT". mag.:
ÌÄÈáæÎðÒ ÌêÒ’êÍÙÒÉ ÝáÄÊÜîÍ (bz., svan. qrest., 92) `monadire
kaci modis
tyidan"
ÄÛÜîÍÄÍ ÈÏ× ËÄÉÌÖÒãìÍÄ ÁÀÁÀà (lSx., iqve, 253) `iq Tofi daixmara
ba-
buam"
ËÄâïÒêË áêÒ ÀÌáÄÍÑìÍÄÍ ËÉÓÉÐ (Col.) `saxvewari aqvs aqedan
siaruli"
Üîæ ÄÓÂÖ ÀÌÜîÍÄÍ É Ø’ëãØÀÃÏË ÃÀÂðÒ (Col.) `damjdariyavi aq da
agcde-
boda sikvdili".
xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac saxelTagan ----JiJiJiJi da
----CuCuCuCu TandebulTa
mier warmoebul garemoebebsac Tan axlavs
----nennennennen||----nenenene||----nannannannan||----nanananaÁÁÁÁ||----nnnn
sufiqsebi.
ÄãÎÀÒÓ ËÀÆÄËêËÑìÍÄÍ ÎÄÒÓÊÍÀË ØÀ áÄßÀÃá (lSx., iqve, 251.) `isini
siaru-
lis dros jixvebma dainaxes"
ÑÏáÏÒÊáæÄÓ ÊæÄÃÄËÑì----ÍÄÍ (iqve, 255) `Camovkide wknelze"
áæÀâ ãÀàÀÒÑìÍÄÍ ÍÀÈáæÉÀÒÄÓ (iqve, 253) `davartyi Tirkmelze
jixvs"
aRniSnuli sufiqsi
(----nennennennen||----nenenene||----nannannannan||----nanananaÁÁÁÁ||----nnnn)
daerTvis ----RoRoRoRo `Semdeg" Tande-
bulsac drois aRmniSvnel zmnisarTebSi. mag.:
ÄÜêÍÙí----ÍÄÍ ÛáÀÌÓ ËÏØ ÉÈáëËÉ (lSx., iqve, 247) `mere
(`Semdeg") Sxams po-
ulobso"
ÄÜêÍÙíÍÄÍ ËÉÝÍÖÍ ËÏØ âÄÃÍÉ æÉã (lSx., svan. qrest., 247)
`Semdeg
wylamde modiso gveli"
JinJinJinJin||JinenJinenJinenJinen da CCCCînnnn tipis formebi v.
Tofurias uZvelesad miaCnia. igi
wers: `JinJinJinJin, , , , JinenJinenJinenJinen `ze"
ekvivalentia qarT. zezezeze, , , , zenasizenasizenasizenasi, igive
megruli JiJiJiJi----a;
gamoiyeneba Zvel formasTanac; isgisgisgisgénJinJinJinJi `wels
zemoT“,... CuCuCuCu, , , , CCCCî /unununun `qveS"
Sesatyvisia qarTuli qveqveqveqve, , , ,
qvenasiqvenasiqvenasiqvenasi; gvxvdeba Zvel ----énnnn sufiqsTan
erTadac;
gimgimgimgiménCunCunCunCu `miwis qveS",
isgisgisgisgénCunCunCunCu `wels qveviT" (13, 204).
-
- 32 -
gansaxilveli ----nennennennen||----nenenene,
----nannannannan||----nanananaÁÁÁÁ sufiqsi iSviaTad SeiZleba
daerTos
zemoT naxseneb gaormagebul ----xenxenxenxen Tandebulian
formebsac, mag.: amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----
JJJJì----nennennennen||amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----JJJJì----nannannannan||amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----JJJJì----nanananaÁÁÁÁ
`aqedan zeviT",
eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----JJJJì----nennennennen||eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----
xenxenxenxen----JJJJì----nannannannan||eCeCeCeC----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----JJJJì----nanananaÁÁÁÁ
`iqedan zeviT",
amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----CCCCî----nennennennen||amamamam----xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----CCCCî----nannannannan||amamamam----
xenxenxenxen----xenxenxenxen----CCCCî----nanananaÁÁÁÁ `aqedan
qveviT".
gvaqvs TandebulTa erTi rigi, romelTac samecniero
literaturaSi
`adverbialur Tandebulebs" (13, 205) uwodeben. esenia: RoRoRoRo
`Semdeg", JiqJiqJiqJiqênnnn
`zeviT", JiqJiqJiqJiqênqanqanqanqa `zevidan",
JiqJiqJiqJiqênCunCunCunCu `zevidan qveviT",
JiqJiqJiqJiqênnnnxenxenxenxenCuCuCuCu `zevidan
qvemoT", JiqJiqJiqJiqênxenqanxenqanxenqanxenqa `zevidan aqeT",
CuqCuqCuqCuqæênnnn `qveviT, qveS", CuqCuqCuqCuqæðnnnn----
qaqaqaqa||CuqCuqCuqCuqæðnxenqanxenqanxenqanxenqa `qvevidan,
qveSidan", CuqCuqCuqCuqæênxenCunxenCunxenCunxenCu `qvevidan,
qveSidan",
CuqCuqCuqCuqæênxenJinxenJinxenJinxenJi `qvevidan zemoT"...
----RoRoRoRo `Semdeg" TandebuliT iwarmoeba droisa da adgilis
gare-
moebebi; iSviaTad SeiZleba gadmoices jerobac; dasturdeba
rTul
Tandebul darTulic:
rogorc v. Tofuria miuTiTebs, RoRoRoRo ixmareba ----énnnn da
----nnnn daboloebian
micemiTTan nacvalsaxelebSi... -énRonRonRonRo, , , ,
----unRunRunRunRæ, , , , ----nRonRonRonRo ki Sexorcebulia da
mTlianad ixmareba (zaunRozaunRozaunRozaunRo `wlis Semdeg") (13,
205). mag.:
ÀÛáîÍÙæ'ëÓÍðÒ ËÏÌíÒÏæ ÀáêÃÃÀá (bz., svan. qrest., 93)
`erTxel
(`erTxelis mere") Suamavloba hqondaT"
áÏÜÀÌà ËéÐÉÍÔÚËÀÖÍÙæÄ ÜÖ ÁæÉâæÄà ØÀÈÀËÓ (bq., iqve, 206.)
`kargad ga-
putvis Semdeg gavWriT qaTams"
áæðÎ ËÉÈÏ×ÖÍÙÏ×ÖÍÙÏ×ÖÍÙÏ×ÖÍÙÏ Ø’ÀÈÏáÉÍÀá ÂÏà (lnt., iqve, 309)
`bevri srolis Semdeg
waurTmeviaT goWi"
ÌÀÍÜæÓ ÄãÎÀÒÄ ËÀÎÙæÄÒîÍÙÏ áÄÆÍêÍ ËÉÛÈáÒÉ (lSx.) `maCvs imaTi
saz-
Rvris Semdeg sCveoda Txra"
ÌÀÎ ÌëÒÉ ÓÀÁÒÀ ÄÜêÍÙíÍÄÍáÄÍØÀ ËÉÒÃÄ! (Col.) `rad minda imis
mere
cxovreba!"...
swored TandebulTa aseTi simravle ganapirobebs mirTul formaTa
siuxves svanurSi.
svanurSi micemiT da naTesaobiT brunvaSi dasmuli saxeli zmnas
ukavSirdeba TandebuliTac da uTandebulodac.
zmnasTan dakavSirebuli micemiT brunvaSi dasmuli Tandebuliani
saxeli, romelic winadadebaSi garemoebad gvevlineba, zmnas
ukavSirdeba
-
- 33 -
mirTviT da SualobiTi marTviT. aseTi garemoebebi imarTvis zmnis
mier
brunvaSi Tandebulis meSveobiT:
ÜÖ ËéÌÀÒà ÓÀ×ÓÀ×ÓÀ×ÓÀ×ËÀæÉÓÂÀ (bz., svan. qrest., 91.) `saflavSi
yofila"
ÚÄÒðÒ ÆÀæËÉÓÂÀ ÎÀÒÖÍ ÉÆðËá (bq., iqve, 205) `deda Rorebi
weliwadSi
orjer yrian goWebs"
ÜæëÒ ÀÍâæêÃà ËÀãÏÂáÏÎÓÀ, ÛÀËÉÊÏ ÜæÀÚæÒÄ É ÊæÄÝ (lnt., iqve, 206)
`rom
CamovediT jogSi, Saliko wevs da kvnesis"
ÞÉÍÀÒïÍÙÏ áÏÌÖÒãÃÀÓ ËÀÁëÒÂêÎÓÀ (Col.) `dilidan vexmarebodi
saToxarSi“
ÜæÀÍÁðÍÃÀá ÓÏ×ËÉ ÍðÎéÒÈÂÖËÀÑìÍ (bz., iqve, 95) `aficebdnen
soflis
erTgulebaze"
Ø’ÄÒ ÀÍÜÀÃá ÊæÄàÏËÑÉÍ, ÄÜØÀÓ Ãðæ ËÀáÀáæÉÃÀ (lnt., iqve, 316)
`rom gamo-
vidnen cotaze, maSin devi SexvdaT"
àÚÉÍÔÉ ËÀÐÒÉÓÔêËÑÉ áÉÍ ÉÜÌìÍÉ É ÃìÍÏËÀÛÑÉ ÌêÃÄ ÄãÆÖÌ (lSx.,
iqve, 237)
`biWis naTlobaze lxini imarTeba da gogosaze ara imxela"
ËÀÂêÂÉÑÉ ËÉÓÂæÒêËÓ Ìê ËÏØ áÀÚÀ (Col.) `zRurblze dajdoma ar
Se-
iZlebao"
ÌÀÌæÉËÓ ÚÉÀÜÖ ÁÉÌÁÉËÉÃðÒ áÏÒÊÀ (bq., svan. qrest., 206) `mamals
yelze
bibilo hkidia"
ÃÀÜæÉÒ ÀÃßæìËÄ ÚðÒÜÀÈÄ, , , , ÃÖÃÀÛëÒÈÄ (bz., iqve, 95) `da
gaaTxova
yarÜaeTSi, dudaSerebSi"
ÊÀÓÒÖËÈÄ ËÉÝÓ áæðÂæÛÄ (bq., iqve, 206) `qvabSi wyals vasxam"
ØÀ ËÉÆËêË áÀÊÖ ÎÄÓÉÄÓ ÌÄÆæÁÄËÈÄ (Col.) `gasvla unda zogjer
mezobelTan"
lentexur dialeqtSi ----xoxoxoxo||----xxxx TandebuliT gadmoicema
mimarTulebis
garemoeba da igi sxva dialeqtebis ----TTTTeeee `ken" Tandebulis
mniSvnelobisaa:
Äã ßÖÈÉÓÀ ÀÜÀÃ ÄÜÏá (lnt., svan. qrest., 307) `im wuTSi wavida
iqeTken"
ÀÌÄÜÄÃËÉ ÝáÄÊáÏ (lnt.) `wasula tyisken"
ðÛ áÉÓÊÉÃÍÉÖ ÃÄÝáÏ? (lnt.) `sul cisken unda iyuro?"...
aRniSnul Tandebuls SeiZleba hqondes ----zezezeze da ----SiSiSiSi
TandebulTa da
viTarebiTi brunvis semantika, am ukanasknelis SemTxvevaSi
miznis
garemoeba gadmoicema. mag.:
ØÀ ËÀáÀÁÄá ÌÄÒÁÀáÏ (lnt.) `Seabes meoreze"
-
- 34 -
ÄÜØÀ ËÀááÏ ÀÌÀÖÆÄá ÌÄËðáæà (lnt., iqve, 306.) `maSin mTaSi
gamagzavnes
mTisad”
ÄÜØÀÓ ÓÊ’ðÌÄÜÄÃÄËÉ ØÏÒáÏ (iqve, 310) `maSin Sesula saxlSi"
ÄãÉ ËÀÈáæÉÀÒáÏ ÀÌÄÜÄà (lnt., iqve, 324) `is sanadirod
wasula".
v. Tofurias varaudiT, ----xoxoxoxo Tandebuli uSgulurSic unda
yofiliyo
`rogorc amas xalxuri simRerebi adastureben; simRerebidan;
cenaxocenaxocenaxocenaxo
`cenisken”, zesxzesxzesxzesxæaxoaxoaxoaxo `zesxvasken"... (13,
204.).
svanuris dialeqtebSi yvelaze produqtiulad SeiZleba CaiTvalos
----
qaqaqaqa `-ze, -dan" Tandebuli, romelic monawileobas iRebs rTul
Tande-
bulTa warmoebaSi da aRniSnavs gavliT, miaxloebiT:
ÈáÄÒ’ÄÓÄÒ áÏâÃÄ ÉÓÂËÀÃÄÙØÀ áðÒãÓ (bq., iqve, 219) `mgeli
moutanso
SuadReze saWmels"
Ø’ÄÒ ÀÍâæÀÃà ÔÖÁðáÏØÀ, ËÉÊÉË ÀÂæÀÓéÌÃÀ (lnt., iqve, 306)
`rom
gamovediT tbaze, kivili Semogvesma"
ËÀÂæðÍÖÛ Ø’ÀÃâÀà ÃÀæðÒáÏØÀ (iqve, 207) `tiriliT gavida
davarTan“
ØëÈÆÄËêË ØÏÒÈÄØÀ (Col.) `gaiare saxlTan axlos (`saxlamde")"
gansaxilveli Tandebuli zmnisarTs xSir SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba
ramdenjerme daerTos:
Ø’ëÌÑÉ ÀÈÙéÒÑðÍ ÜÖ----ØêÍ----ØÀ----ÈÄ----ØÀ É ÄÜÙÏ ÌÉ áÏÛæÄËÍÄ
(Col.) `rogorme
gaaTrie qvemoTamde da mere me vuSveli"
Ñ’ÄÒ ÏÈÎÄÓ ÑÉ----ØêÍ----ØÀ----ÈÄ----ØÀ, ÄÜØÀ ÌÀÎ ÌêÒáÉ?! (Col.)
`rom avitan zemoTken,
mere rad mindixar"?!.. da sxv.
samecniero literaturaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebis Tanaxmad,
Tana-
obis gamomxatveli ----mmmméyyyy Tandebuli am saxiT mxolod
zemosvanurSi
gamoiyeneba, xolo misi asimilirebuli ----moymoymoymoy forma
lentexursa da laS-
xurSi gvxvdeba. unda aRiniSnos, rom Cven mier svanur
qrestomaTiaSi
moZiebul masalebsa da TanamedroveTa metyvelebaSi qvemosvanuri
dialeq-
tebi orive variants gamoiyenebs
(----mmmméyyyy||----moymoymoymoy), xolo rac Seexeba Coluruls,
am metyvelebaSi mxolod ----moymoymoymoy formas mivakvlieT:
ÃÖÃÀÛëÒÄÌ ÁðÜÀ ÁÏÂÌÖÚæ ÀÍÂÄÍÄá (bz., svan. qrest., 95)
`dudaSerebma qvis
xidTan gamoaciles"
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ÁêÆÉ áÏÜêÌ ÁÀÜæÌéÚ áæÀÒÃÀà ÓÀÃÂæÄÌà (iqve, 95) `amaRam karg
qvasTan
viyaviT dasadgomad (`sadgomad")"
ÍÉÛÂæÄÌÉÚ áÀÌðÒ ÜÉ áÏÒÉ (bq., iqve, 205) `ÜvenTan Rorebi yvelas
hyavs"
ÍÉÛÂæÄÛÌéÚ áÏÜÀ ÓÉÌÉÍà âÄÃÍÉ (iqve, 204) `ÜvenTan kargi simindi
modis"
ÀÃâÀà ÄÛáÖ ÌÄÆÂÀÛÄÒÌÏÚ (lnt., iqve, 313) `movida erT
ojaxTan"
ÈáëÒëËÓ ÝáÄÊÈÄ ËÀàíÍÌéÚ ÏÈÂéËïÒÀá âÀÍ (lSx.) `mglebs tyis
mosaxvevTan dauglejiaT xari"
ÌÉÛÂæÀ ËÀÊæÌÀÛÌÏÚ ÉáæÒÄá ÙÖËÀÎÓ ÀËÎðÒÄ ÁÏÜÊÀÒ (Col.) `Cem
sasaqonlesTan iyrian Tavs amaTi saqoneli"...
CamoTvlil ilustraciebSi gvaqvs SualobiTi marTva da mirTva.
zmna-Semasmeneli Tandebulebis meSveobiT marTavs saxelebs
micemiT
brunvaSi, amave dros saxelis Tandebulze darTvis Sedegad
miRebuli
garemoeba mirTulia zmnasTan.
svanurSi, kerZod, laSxursa da ColurulSi gamoiyofa adgilis
miwevniTobis gamomxatveli ----nunnunnunnun `mde" Tandebuli,
romelic sxva Tande-
bulTagan gansxvavebiT, ZiriTadad, damoukideblad erTvis
saxels:
ÄÜêÍÙíÍÄÍ ËÉÝÍÖÍ ËÏØ âÄÃÍÉ æÉã (lSx., svan. qrest., 247) `mere
wylamde
modiso gveli"
ËÄÑÀ ÏÜÀÃÃ ÌÏÒÂÏÖËÍÖÍ (iqve, 251) `zeviT wavediT
morgoulamde"
Ïà ÃÀÂÒÀ----ÍÖÍ ÌíÌ ÀÃÄ, ÄÜØÀà ÃÄÛ ÀãÆéÆ ÄØÌÀÒÈÄ (Col.)
`sanam
sikvdilamde ar mixvedi, manam ver gagagzavne eqimebTan"
ÌÀÌàÉÒ ÄÜÀæÍÖÍ ËìÆÉ (Col.) `mezareba iqamde gasvla"
iSviaT SemTxvevaSi aRniSnuli (----nunnunnunnun `mde") Tandebuls
win uswrebs
rTuli Tandebuli ----TeqaTeqaTeqaTeqa da SeiZleba daerTos agreTve
----enenenen sufiqsi zmni-
zedaTa im jgufSi, romelsac viTarebiTi brunvis niSani axlavs Tan.
mag.:
ÄÜØÀ----Ã----ÈÄØÀ----ÍÖÍ Ìêà ÄÈÓÚêÍá, æÏà ÜÖ Ìíà ÄÃßÏÒÄá (lSx.)
`iqamde ar
Seurigdnen, sanam ar isisxles"
Ïà ÏÈßæìËíË, ÄÜØÀ----Ã----ÍîÍ----ÄÍì ÛÖÛÐÒÀÓ (Col.) `sanam
gavTxovdebodi,
manamdec vcekvavdi"
ÄãÎðÒáÄÍØÀ ÀÈáÀ----Ã----ÍîÍ-