NatlNuritionSurv2008_FNRI

FNRIFOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARH INSTITUTE

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY

MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS

MARIO V. CAPANZANA, PhD

Director



• Introduction• Legal Basis• Methodology• Survey Results• Summary• Conclusion and

Program Implication

Order of Presentation





LEGAL BASIS

The FNRI is mandated to:

Undertake research that defines the citizenry’s nutritional status, with reference particularly to the malnutrition problem, its causes and effects, and identify alternative solutions to them;

Develop and recommend policy options, strategies, programs and projects; and

Disseminate research findings and recommendations

EO 128 Section 22.



EO 352 :

DESIGNATION OF STATISTICAL ACTIVITIES THAT WILL GENERATE CRITICAL DATA FOR DECISION-MAKING OF THE GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR

DESIGNATED STATISTICAL ACTIVITY

FNRI is designated to conduct the National Nutrition Survey every five (5) years, at the national and regional levels, and to disseminate the results one (1) year after the reference year



Target 1c: Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger

•1.8 Prevalence of underweight children under- five years of age •1.9 Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption

Target 4a: Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five

•4.1 Under-five mortality rate •4.2 Infant mortality rate•4.3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles



• Philippine Food Fortification Act of 2000 (R.A. 8976)

• Asin Law (R.A. 8172)

• National Policies on Infant and Young Children (A.O. No. 2005-0014)

• Decade of Healthy Lifestyle (Presidential Proclamation No. 958)

• Reproductive Health, Responsible Parenthood and Population Development Act of 2007 (House Bill 17)

• Anti-hunger Mitigation Program (E.O. 616)

• Child Nutrition Law of 2007 (House Bill 2589)

• Medium Term Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition

• Medium Term Philippine Development Plan

Outcome:Outcome:PolicyPolicy

RecommendationRecommendation



Outcome: Outcome: Programs of various Programs of various government agenciesgovernment agencies

• Department of Agriculture: • Gulayan para sa Masa

• Department of Health: • Araw ng Sangkap Pinoy, • Garantisadong Pambata• Accelerated Hunger Mitigation Program• Vitamin A supplementation of children• Task Force on Iron Supplementation andMicronutrient Supplementation Resolution No. 1

• Department of Education: • Food for School Program

• Office of Senator Angara• Oh! My Gulay (OMG!!)


DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY • UNICEF: Targeting for CPC Areas

• Global Alliance for Improve Nutrition (GAIN)

• WHO / FAO

• USAID / A2Z

• WFP: Food Programme in Mindanao • World Bank

Outcome:Outcome: Intervention Programs Intervention Programs Implemented by International OrganizationsImplemented by International Organizations

Outcome:Outcome: Corporate Programs Corporate Programs

Private Sector

• UNILEVER: • Makulay ang Buhay sa Sinabawang Gulay

• Coca-Cola Company: • Little Red House Project

• CIDS-Kalahi: • Feeding Program



Home » News » Diocesan Statements

A Pastoral Letter: Ash Wednesday 2010My Brothers and Sisters in Christ,

Ash Wednesday marks the beginning of the most important period in the Church calendar. The forty-day Lenten season that starts today prepares us for Easter…………………… Good deeds and almsgiving consist of self-sacrifice to serve and benefit others………………….You also encourage compassion and charity in your daily life and strengthen your Christian soul. One such good deed is to respond to a call to feed the hungry children in our community…………….

…..In the last 5 years, the pernicious problem of hunger and malnutrition persists in the Philippines. Initial results of 7th National Nutrition Survey conducted in 2008 show that three out of ten Filipino children are hungry and malnourished! They are underweight and underheight, stunted in their growth. Worse, the acute or severe cases of malnutrition are increasing……………………..Hunger and malnutrition are very pressing concerns for our society. As Pope Benedict XVI said to world leaders gathered for the UN Food summit in Rome on November 16, 2009, “Hunger is the most cruel and concrete sign of poverty.” ……

We appeal to you to support HAPAG-ASA in its efforts to care for hungry and malnourished children of our parishes. We encourage you to give to the HAPAG-ASA what had been set aside from your fasting. ………

+GAUDENCIO B. CARDINAL ROSALES, D.D.Archbishop of Manila

http://www.cbcpnews.com/

http://www.cbcpnews.com/?q=taxonomy/term/1

http://www.cbcpnews.com/?q=taxonomy/term/43





4 replicates from the Master Sample of 2008 Labor Force Survey (LFS)

1 2 3 4

17 Regions/ 79 Provinces + NCR

1st

Stage

–

Primary Sampling UnitOne barangay or contiguous bgys

with at least 500 HHs

2nd

Stage

–

Enumeration AreaContiguous area in a barangay

with 150-200 HHs

(n=3,377)

33rdrd

StageStage

––

HouseholdsHouseholds36,634 LFS households; 36,634 LFS households;

all household members in all household members in sampled households ( n=191,316)sampled households ( n=191,316)

Multi-Stage Stratified Sampling Design

SAMPLING DESIGN AND COVERAGE



All 17 Regions

79 Provinces & NCR

36,634 Households

191,316 Individuals

3,377 Enumeration Areas (EAs)

SCOPE AND COVERAGE



NATIONAL PROVINCIAL

Enumeration Areas

3,377

36,634Households

Individuals 40,649 191,316

5,033

852

BREAKDOWN OF COVERAGE

NUTRITION SURVEY COMPONENTS

Anthropometric Survey

Socio-economics and Food Insecurity

Survey

Clinical Nutrition & Health Survey

Biochemical Nutrition Survey

Government Program Participation Survey

Dietary Assessment Survey (Household & Individual Level)



General Objective:

To update the official statistics on the Philippine food, nutrition and health situation



ANTHROPOMETRY

To assess the nutritional status of 0-10 year-old children, 11-19 year- olds, pregnant and lactating women, and other adults 20 years and over using anthropometric indicators of growth

To compare results from previous surveys

Specific Objectives:



Measurement of standing height using microtoise

and recumbent length (<2 years) using infantometer

Measurement of weight using Detecto

weighing scale

Height and weight measurementsANTHROPOMETRY



To assess anemia among 6 months and over, pregnant and lactating women using hemoglobin

To assess iodine status using UIE among 6-12 years old children, pregnant and lactating women


BIOCHEMICAL

Specific Objectives:



Blood sample collection using finger prick and venipunctureUrine sample collection

Collection of blood for hemoglobin determination Urine for Urinary iodine excretion

BIOCHEMICAL



To determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults, 20 years and over

To assess prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia using fasting blood sugar and lipid profile data among adults 20 years and over


CLINICAL AND HEALTHSpecific Objectives:



Measurement of blood pressure

Blood collection for lipid profile and fasting blood sugar determination

CLINICAL AND HEALTH



DIETARY Infant Feeding Practices

To assess current infant feeding practices of Filipino mothers among their 0-23 months old children

Specific Objective:



Interview on infant feeding practices through face-to-face interview

Infant Feeding PracticesDIETARY



To describe the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the sample households and individuals

To assess the food insecurity situation using the Radimer – Cornell instrument

To identify the coping mechanisms of food insecure households

Specific Objective:

SOCIO-ECONOMICS AND FOOD INSECURITY



Face-to-face interview

SOCIO-ECONOMICS AND FOOD INSECURITY



To determine government program participation among households, children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers


To gather information on food labeling, use of essential drugs, and on the awareness and usage of food products with Sangkap Pinoy Sealand iodized salt

GIVERNMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPATION

Specific Objective:



Face-to-face interview

GOVERNMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPATION


DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY On-the-spot testing of

household salt using the rapid test kit (RTK)

Laboratory analysis of salt samples using WYD

GOVERNMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPATION

Salt Testing



MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS



Children, 0 to 5 Years OldChildren, 0 to 5 Years Old



CutCut--off points used in classifying the off points used in classifying the nutritional status of children, 0nutritional status of children, 0--10 10 years old, based on NCHS/WHO years old, based on NCHS/WHO International Reference StandardsInternational Reference Standards

ClassificationClassification

Underweight / Short / ThinAverage / NormalOverweight / Tall

<-2SD-2SD to +2SD>+2SD

CutCut--off Pointoff Point

Weight-for-Age/Height-for-Age/ Weight-for-Height



26.2 27.96.1

90.871.071.8

2.0 1.1 2.8

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Wt-for-Age Ht-for-Age Wt-for-Ht

Percentage distribution of children, 0Percentage distribution of children, 0--5 5 years old, by nutritional status years old, by nutritional status classification using NCHS/WHO IRS: classification using NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Underweight/ Underheight/ Thin Normal Overweight/ Tall



Estimated number of malnourished Estimated number of malnourished 00--5 year5 year--old children based on old children based on NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008

*Using NSO 2008 Projected Population based on 2000 Census

Nutritional Nutritional StatusStatus

PrevalencePrevalence%%

Estimated Estimated No. No.

(in million)*(in million)*

UnderweightUnderheightThinnessOverweight

26.227.96.12.0

3.353.570.780.26



Percentage of underweightPercentage of underweight--forfor--age age children, 0children, 0--5 years old, by single5 years old, by single--age age group: Philippines, 2008group: Philippines, 2008

12.4

30.3 31.328.4

26.428.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0yr. 1yr. 2yrs. 3yrs. 4yrs. 5yrs.

% P

reva

lenc

e



Percentage of Percentage of underheightunderheight--forfor--age age children, 0children, 0--5 years old, by single5 years old, by single-- age group: Philippines, 2008age group: Philippines, 2008

8.6

24.427.5

34.235.7 34.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


% P

reva

lenc

e



Percentage of underweightPercentage of underweight--forfor-- height children, 0height children, 0--5 years old, by 5 years old, by singlesingle--age group: Philippines, 2008age group: Philippines, 2008

6.7

14.0

5.44.1 3.7 3.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30


% P

reva

lenc

e



Prevalence of underweightPrevalence of underweight--forfor--age age children, 0children, 0--5 years old, by single age 5 years old, by single age group: Philippines, 2003, 2005, 2008group: Philippines, 2003, 2005, 2008

11.7

31.2 31.7

29.6 29.2

27.3

10.2

28.9

24.725.6

27.728.7

12.4

30.331.3

28.4

26.428.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 y 1 y 2 y 3 y 4 y 5 y

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008

3.5

18.8

26.4

36.0

3.6

15.8

28.329.4

4.6

19.2

31.429.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 to 5 m 6 to 11 m 12 to 17 m 18 to 23 m

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008



Prevalence of stuntedPrevalence of stunted--forfor--age children,age children,00--5 years old, by single age group: 5 years old, by single age group: Philippines, 2003, 2005, 2008Philippines, 2003, 2005, 2008

8.2

25.4

31.8

37.936.4

38.2

5.4

23.525.5

30.0

34.636.2

8.6

24.4

27.5

34.235.7 34.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

0 y 1 y 2 y 3 y 4 y 5 y

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008

6.3

9.9

16.1

34.7

3.0

7.4

19.9

26.7

5.5

11.3

20.1

27.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 to 5 m 6 to 11 m 12 to 17 m 18 to 23 m

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008



Prevalence of thin children, 0Prevalence of thin children, 0--5 years 5 years old, by single age group: Philippines, old, by single age group: Philippines, 2003, 2005, 20082003, 2005, 2008

5.0

3.1

4.0

2.9

4.5 4.2

2.72.1

6.7

5.4

4.13.7 3.7

11.8

5.0

4.0

12.0

14.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 y 1 y 2 y 3 y 4 y 5 y

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008

2.3

7.3

9.8

13.7

2.5

6.1

12.7

11.3

4.5

8.6

14.7

13.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 to 5 m 6 to 11 m 12 to 17 m 18 to 23 m

% p

reva

lenc

e

2003 2005 2008

39.936.8

34.3 34.5 34.031.4 29.9

26.3 27.930.6

26.924.6 26.2

32.030.829.934.034.5

6.14.85.36.36.05.26.76.65.0

2.02.01.41.00.40.50.40.70.60

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

% p

reva

lenc

e

underheight underweight thinness overweight

Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among children, 0among children, 0--5 years old, using 5 years old, using NCHS/WHO IRS: 1990NCHS/WHO IRS: 1990--20082008

Present trend and challenges ahead in the reduction Present trend and challenges ahead in the reduction of the prevalence of underweightof the prevalence of underweight--forfor--age among 0age among 0--5 5 yearyear--old children using NCHS/WHO IRSold children using NCHS/WHO IRS

34.5% 34.0%

29.9%

30.8% 32.0% 30.6%26.9%

24.6%

26.2%

17.2%

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

199519

9619

9719

9819

9920

00200120

0220

0320

0420

052006200720

0820

0920

1020

112012201320

1420

15

MDG-1.29%10

20

30

40

-0.46%

Prevalence of underweight children, Prevalence of underweight children, 00--5 years old, by region: Philippines, 20085 years old, by region: Philippines, 2008

Region

Philippines:

26.2

% P

reva

lenc

e

Prevalence of Prevalence of underheightunderheight children, children, 00--5 years old, by region: Philippines, 20085 years old, by region: Philippines, 2008

Region

Philippines:

27.9% P

reva

lenc

e

Prevalence of thin children, 0Prevalence of thin children, 0--5 years old, 5 years old, by region: Philippines, 2008by region: Philippines, 2008

Region

Philippines:

6.1

% P

reva

lenc

e



Classification of worldwide prevalence Classification of worldwide prevalence ranges of low weightranges of low weight--forfor--age and low age and low heightheight--forfor--age among children, 0age among children, 0--5 year5 year-- old (WHO, 1995) old (WHO, 1995)

PREVALENCE PREVALENCE GROUPGROUP

Low weightLow weight--forfor--age age (Underweight)(Underweight)

<2020 –

29

30 –

39>40

LowMediumHighVery High

Low heightLow height--forfor--age age ((UnderheightUnderheight/ / Stunting)Stunting)

<1010 –

19

20 –

29>30

Magnitude of Magnitude of underweight underweight children, 0children, 0--5 year5 year-- old, by province: old, by province: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Phil. Ave.: 26.2Phil. Ave.: 26.2



No.No.

1113828

%%

1.314.148.735.9

Magnitude of Magnitude of underheightunderheight children, 0children, 0--5 year5 year-- old, by province: old, by province: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008




No.No.

112138

8

%%

14.126.948.710.3



Children, 6 to 10 Years OldChildren, 6 to 10 Years Old



25.6 33.1

66.572.8

1.6 0.4

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Weight-for-Age Height-for-Age

Percentage distribution of children, 6Percentage distribution of children, 6--10 10 years old, by nutritional status years old, by nutritional status classification using NCHS/WHO IRS: classification using NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Underweight/ Underheight Normal Overweight/ Tall



Estimated number of malnourished Estimated number of malnourished 66--10 year10 year--old children based on old children based on NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008NCHS/WHO IRS: Philippines, 2008

*Using NSO 2008 Projected Population based on 2000 Census

Nutritional Nutritional StatusStatus

PrevalencePrevalence%%

Estimated Estimated No. No.

(in million)*(in million)*

UnderweightUnderheightOverweight

25.633.1

1.6

2.583.340.16



Percentage of underweightPercentage of underweight--forfor--age age children, 6children, 6--10 year10 year--old, by singleold, by single--age age group: Philippines, 2008 group: Philippines, 2008

29.2 27.625.3

22.4 23.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

6yrs. 7yrs. 8yrs. 9yrs. 10yrs.

% P

reva

lenc

e



Percentage of Percentage of underheightunderheight--forfor--age age children, 6children, 6--10 year10 year--old, by singleold, by single--age age group: Philippines, 2008 group: Philippines, 2008

34.1 33.8 32.6 31.033.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


% P

reva

lenc

e



Percentage of overweightPercentage of overweight--forfor--age age children, 6children, 6--10 year10 year--old, by singleold, by single--age age group: Philippines, 2008 group: Philippines, 2008

% P

reva

lenc

e

1.7 1.9 1.81.4 1.2

0

2

4

6

8


33.1

32.0

35.8

41.140.839.142.242.8

44.8

25.6

34.2 32.5 30.528.3

30.232.9

22.825.6

0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 n 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.605

101520253035404550

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

% p

reva

lene

underheight underweight overweight

Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among children, 6among children, 6--10 years old, using 10 years old, using NCHS/WHO IRS: 1990NCHS/WHO IRS: 1990--20082008

23.6

19.2 18.114.5

20.023.9

33.0 34.032.2

24.7

31.6 30.627.2 26.2 27.8

25.6 26.9

05

10152025303540

Region

Philippines:

25.6

% P

reva

lenc

ePrevalence of underweight children, Prevalence of underweight children, 66--10 years old, by region: Philippines, 200810 years old, by region: Philippines, 2008

28.4 26.923.0

29.4

23.127.6

40.8 39.2 37.835.1

44.7 42.7 40.4 38.1 40.136.9 38.1

05

101520253035404550

Region

Philippines:

33.1

% P

reva

lenc

ePrevalence of Prevalence of underheightunderheight children, children, 66--10 years old, by region: Philippines, 200810 years old, by region: Philippines, 2008

Magnitude of Magnitude of underweight underweight children, 6children, 6--10 year10 year-- old, by province: old, by province: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008




No.No.

3143526

%%

3.817.944.933.3

Magnitude of Magnitude of underheightunderheight children, 6children, 6--10 year10 year-- old, by province: old, by province: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008




No.No.

4183125

%%

5.123.139.732.1



PrePre--adolescents / adolescents / Adolescents, Adolescents,

11 to 19 Years Old11 to 19 Years Old



UnderweightMildNormalOverweight

<P5P5 to <P15P15 to P85>P85

ClassificationClassification CutCut--off Pointoff Point

CutCut--off points used in classifying the off points used in classifying the nutritional status of adolescents, nutritional status of adolescents, 1111--19 years old based on BMI19 years old based on BMI--forfor-- age (Must, age (Must, et.alet.al))



21.7 11.7 17.0

18.114.8

21.1

52.569.0 60.3

4.64.8 4.4

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Male Female Both

Percentage distribution of adolescents, Percentage distribution of adolescents, 1111--19 years old, by nutritional status 19 years old, by nutritional status classification using BMIclassification using BMI--forfor--age: age: Philippines, 2008 Philippines, 2008

Underweight Mild Normal Overweight



Comparison in the prevalence of Comparison in the prevalence of underweight among 11underweight among 11--19 years old by 19 years old by gender: Philippines, 2005 & 2008gender: Philippines, 2005 & 2008

0

5

10

15

20

25

Male Female Both

20.5

11.1

16.0

21.7

11.7

17.0%

Pre

vale

nce

2005 2008



0

2

4

6

8

10

Male Female Both

4.9 4.8 4.84.8 4.4 4.6

% P

reva

lenc

e

2005 2008

Comparison in the prevalence of Comparison in the prevalence of overweight among 11overweight among 11--19 years old by 19 years old by gender: Philippines, 2005 & 2008gender: Philippines, 2005 & 2008

Prevalence of underweight adolescents, Prevalence of underweight adolescents, 1111--19 years old by region: Philippines, 200819 years old by region: Philippines, 2008

% P

reva

lenc

e

Philippines:

17.0

Region



Adults, Adults, 20 years old and above20 years old and above



CutCut--off points used in classifying the off points used in classifying the nutritional status of adults, 20 years nutritional status of adults, 20 years old and above, based on BMI WHO old and above, based on BMI WHO

Chronic Energy DeficientNormalOverweightObese

<18.518.5 to <25.025.0 to 30.0>30




CED Normal Overweight Obese

13.77.2 7.2 11.5 17.7

27.0

57.557.5

56.2

59.762.370.3

14.420.124.8

13.124.4 26.3

4.6 2.46.36.82.9 6.1

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

20-29y 30-39y 40-49y 50-59y 60-69y >70y

Percent distribution of adults, 20 years Percent distribution of adults, 20 years old and over, by age group and BMI old and over, by age group and BMI classification: Philippines, 2008classification: Philippines, 2008



Comparison in the prevalence of Comparison in the prevalence of CED and overweight among CED and overweight among adults, 20 years & over: adults, 20 years & over: Philippines, 2003 & 2008 Philippines, 2003 & 2008

12.3 11.6

24.026.6

0

10

20

30

40

% p

reva

lenc

e

CED Overweight/Obese

20032008

Prevalence of CED among adults, 20 years old and Prevalence of CED among adults, 20 years old and over, by region: Philippines, 2008over, by region: Philippines, 2008

Region

% P

reva

lenc

e

Philippines:

11.6



Pregnant and Lactating Pregnant and Lactating MothersMothers



CutCut--off points used in classifying off points used in classifying pregnant women based on pregnant women based on weightweight--forfor--height (height (MagbitangMagbitang, , 1988)1988)

Nutritionally atNutritionally at--risk risk

Not Nutritionally atNot Nutritionally at--riskrisk<P95<P95

>>P95P95




Percentage distribution of pregnant Percentage distribution of pregnant women by nutritional status and by women by nutritional status and by age group: Philippines, 2008age group: Philippines, 2008

0102030405060708090

100

< 20 y > 20 y All

35.1 25.1 26.3

64.9 74.9 73.7

Perc

ent

At-risk Not at-risk



Percentage distribution of pregnant Percentage distribution of pregnant women by nutritional status: women by nutritional status: Philippines 2005 and 2008Philippines 2005 and 2008

28.4

71.6

26.3

73.7

0102030405060708090

% P

reva

lenc

e

2005 2008

Nutritionally-at-riskNot nutritionally-at-risk

Prevalence of nutritionally atPrevalence of nutritionally at--risk pregnant risk pregnant women, by region: Philippines, 2008women, by region: Philippines, 2008

Region

Philippines:

26.3

% P

reva

lenc

e



CutCut--off points used in classifying off points used in classifying nutritional status of lactating mothersnutritional status of lactating mothersbased on BMI for adults (NCHS/WHO, based on BMI for adults (NCHS/WHO, 1978) and BMI1978) and BMI--forfor--age for adolescents age for adolescents (Must, 1991)(Must, 1991)

UnderweightMildNormalOverweightObese

< P5P5 to <P15P15 to P85> P85

< 18.5

18.5 to <25.025.0 to <30.0>

30.0

Adolescents Adults




Percentage distribution of lactating Percentage distribution of lactating mothers by nutritional status and by mothers by nutritional status and by age group: Philippines, 2008age group: Philippines, 2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

< 20 y > 20 y All

12.9 13.1 13.0

80.4 70.1 70.9

6.7 16.8 16.1Pe

rcen

t

Underweight Normal Overweight



13.9

66.3

19.813.0

70.9

16.1

01020304050607080

% p

reva

lenc

e

2005 2008

UnderweightNormalOverweight

Percentage distribution of lactating Percentage distribution of lactating mothers by nutritional status: mothers by nutritional status: Philippines, 2005 and 2008Philippines, 2005 and 2008

Region

Prevalence of underweight lactating mothers, Prevalence of underweight lactating mothers, by region: Philippines, 2008by region: Philippines, 2008

Philippines:

13.0

% P

reva

lenc

e



Undernutrition (base on weight-for-age and height-for-age) remains to be a public health problem, affecting nearly 3 out of 10 children.

Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of undernourished children has significantly increased, particularly more prevalent in selected provinces in MIMAROPA, Bicol, and selected areas in Visayas and Mindanao.

Among children, 0 to 10 years oldAmong children, 0 to 10 years old



About 2 out of 10 children are overweight (base on weight-for-age). However, this remains to be the same from 2005.

Among children, 0 to 10 years oldAmong children, 0 to 10 years old

Among adolescents, 11 to 19 years Among adolescents, 11 to 19 years oldold

Underweight is nearly 2 out of every 10 adolescents (base on BMI-for-age), with males being more at-risk than females.



Between 2005 and 2008, undernutrition among this age group has significantly increased while overnutrition has decreased.

Regions found to be most at-risk to undernutrition among adolescents are MIMAROPA, Bicol, and Western Visayas.

Among adolescents, 11 to 19 years oldAmong adolescents, 11 to 19 years old



About 1 in every 10 adults are chronic energy deficient, while 3 out of 10 are overweight.

The proportion of CED has decreased while overweight and obese has increased between 2003 and 2008.

CED is more prevalent among the regions in Ilocos, Cagayan, MIMAROPA, Bicol, Western Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, and ARMM.

Among adults, 20 years old and Among adults, 20 years old and aboveabove



Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of nutritionally at-risk pregnant women has significantly decreased.

The nutritionally at-risk pregnant women are mostly found in Ilocos, MIMAROPA, Bicol, Western Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, and ARMM.

Undernutrition and overnutrition among lactating mothers have decreased significantly from 2005.

Among pregnant and lactating womenAmong pregnant and lactating women



MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS



NUTRITIONALANEMIA



AGE/ SEX/PHYSIOLOGIC STATE

Normalhemoglobin level

(g/dL)

ASSESSMENT CRITERIAASSESSMENT CRITERIANormal hemoglobin levels, WHO cut-off, 1972

Children: 6 mos

-

6 yrs6.1 -

14 yrs

Adult: MalesFemales (non-pregnant/non-lactating)

Pregnant Lactating Women

11.012.0 13.0 12.0

11.0 12.0



Epidemiological criteria for assessing severity and magnitude of nutritional anemias

in population,

FAO / WHO, 1992

Percent of population with Hb ≥

40 10 -

39 1 -

9

less than the above cut off points especially women and children

PARAMETERSMAGNITUDE

High Moderate Low

ASSESSMENT CRITERIAASSESSMENT CRITERIA



Prevalence of anemia by age, sex and physiologic state, 2008Prevalence of anemia by age, sex and physiologic state, 2008No. of Subjects Prevalence (%)

22412

205

2279

20391830

17781488

24362079

19552123

7821011

1516

891

Philippines

6 mos

-

< 1 yr

1 –

5 y

6 –

12 y, M F

13 –

19 y, MF

20 –

39 y, MF

40 –

59 y, MF

≥

60 y, M F

Pregnant

Lactating

Age/Sex/Physiologic State

32.833.4

22.712.7

18.66.8

18.210.4

19.2

19.5

31.4

42.5

20.4

20.955.7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60



13.7

10.6

13.6

26.6

41.0

20.8

55.7

23.6

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Age n Prevalence (%)

2484

205

2279

439425443482474

6 mos

–

5 y

6 mos

-

< 1 y

1 –

5 y

1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y

Prevalence of anemia among children by age, Prevalence of anemia among children by age, 20082008



55.7

66.2

56.6

49.2

20.929.129.6

25.7

19.8

37.435.6

42.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1993 1998 2003 2008

%

6 mos - < 1 y

1 - 5 y

6 - 12 y

Trends in the prevalence of anemia Trends in the prevalence of anemia among children Philippines: 1993, among children Philippines: 1993,

1998, 2003 and 20081998, 2003 and 2008



10.6

41.0

53.053.2

26.6

34.836.9

24.823.4

13.718.820.0

13.618.2

14.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1998 2003 2008

%

1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y

Trends in the prevalence of anemia Trends in the prevalence of anemia among children, Philippines: 1998, among children, Philippines: 1998,

2003 and 20082003 and 2008



43.9 42.5

31.6

50.7

43.6

42.245.7

43.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1993 1998 2003 2008

%

Pregnant womenLactating women

Trends in the prevalence of anemia Trends in the prevalence of anemia among pregnant and lactating women among pregnant and lactating women Philippines: 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008Philippines: 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008



Magnitude Magnitude of anemiaof anemia11

in thein thePhilippines Philippines by regionby region

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

0.0

100

0.0

Magnitude %

1 FAO-WHO, 1992

National prevalence

19.5%




among among preschool preschool children, children, 6 6 mosmos –– 5 yrs5 yrsby regionby region

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

0.0

100

0.0

Magnitude %

1 FAO-WHO, 1992

National prevalence

23.6%




among among school school children,children,6 6 –– 12 yrs 12 yrs by regionby region

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

0.0

94.1

5.9

Magnitude %

1

FAO-WHO, 1992

CAR (9.95 %)

National prevalence

19.8 %




among among adolescents,adolescents,13 13 –– 19 yrs19 yrsby regionby region

MIMAROPA(6.9%)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(8.1%)

DAVAO(9.0%)

BICOL(8.0%)

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

0.0

76.5

23.5

Magnitude %

1

FAO-WHO, 1992

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(8.1%)

BICOL(8.0%)

DAVAO(9.0%)

MIMAROPA(6.9%)

National prevalence

14.0 %




among among adults, 20 adults, 20 –– 59 yrs 59 yrs by regionby region

CENTRAL VISAYAS

(9.3%)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(9.0%)

NORTHERNMINDANAO

(8.4%)

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

0.0

82.4

17.6

Magnitude %

1

FAO-WHO, 1992

National prevalence

14.9 %




among among elderly, elderly, ≥≥

60 60

yrs yrs by regionby region

CENTRAL LUZON(41.4%)

WESTERN VISAYAS(46.9%)

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

17.6

82.4

0.0

Magnitude %

1

FAO-WHO, 1992

CAGAYAN VALLEY(51.7%)

National prevalence

33.0 %



Magnitude Magnitude of of anemiaanemia11

among among pregnant pregnant women women by regionby region

CENTRAL LUZON(40.7%)

NCR(48.0%)

BICOL(51.1%)


CENTRAL VISAYAS(40.4%)

ARMM(47.3%)

MIMAROPA(49.6%)

SOCCSKSARGEN(49.8%)

High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

52.9

47.1

0.0

Magnitude %

1 FAO-WHO, 1992

CAGAYAN VALLEY (60.0%)

National prevalence

42.5 %



Magnitude Magnitude of of anemiaanemia11

among among lactating lactating womenwomenby regionby region


High(≥

40.0)Moderate

(10.0-39.0)Low

(1.0 –

9.0)

11.8

88.2

0.0

Magnitude %

1 FAO-WHO, 1992

CAGAYANVALLEY(58.2%).

National prevalence

31.6 %

Philippines

6 mos

< 1 y

1 –

5 y

6-12 y

Pregnant

Lactating

36364

2990

12089

1542

3103

3260

1998 1998

Total subjects Prevalence of anemia(%)

Increase/(Decrease)Age/

PhysiologicState

* Significant at 0.05 ** Significant at 0.01 NS -

Not Significant

Comparison of prevalence of anemia: Comparison of prevalence of anemia: NNS 1998 and 2008NNS 1998 and 2008

2008 2008

(11.1)**

(0.9 ) NS

( 8.7 )**

(15.8 ) **

(8.2 )**

(14.1 ) **

1998vs

2008

22412

205

2279

3869

1516

891

30.6

56.6

29.6

35.6

50.7

45.7

19.5

55.7

20.9

19.8

42.5

31.6



6 mos. -

< 1 yr 55.7 0.75

1 -

5 yrs. 20.9 2.11

Prevalence%

Estimated number of anemic

(in millions)Age/Physiologic Group

6 -

12 yrs. 19.8 2.77

Prevalence of anemia Prevalence of anemia and number of anemic childrenand number of anemic children



hHowever, in certain packets of thepopulation, like infants 6 mos

to < 1 y,

1 yr old children, and pregnant women, nutritional anemia is still a major health problem

hOver all, the 2008 NNS showed a decreasing trend in anemia prevalence among Filipinos



IODINE DEFICIENCYDISORDER

(IDD)



The indicator of iodine deficiency “elimination” is a median value of 100 µg/L, that is, 50% of the sample should be above 100 µg/L, and not more than 20% of the samples should be below 50 µg/L.

Epidemiological Criteria Epidemiological Criteria for Assessing Severity of IDD for Assessing Severity of IDD

Based on Median Urinary Iodine Based on Median Urinary Iodine LevelsLevels

MEDIAN VALUE SEVERITY OF IDDµg/L

< 20 severe20 -

49 moderate

50 -

99 mild>

100 No deficiency

ICCIDD, 1994



WHO, UNICEF, and ICCIDD, 2007

Epidemiological Criteria for Assessing Epidemiological Criteria for Assessing Iodine Nutrition based on Urinary Iodine Nutrition based on Urinary Iodine Concentrations of Pregnant Iodine Concentrations of Pregnant

WomenWomen

*

The term “excessive” means in excess of the amount required to prevent and control iodine deficiency

POPULATIONGROUP

MEDIAN UIEµg/L

IODINE INTAKEµg/day

< 150

150 –

249

250 –

499

≥

500

Pregnant women Insufficient

Adequate

Above requirements

Excessive*

Epidemiological Criteria for Assessing Iodine Nutrition Epidemiological Criteria for Assessing Iodine Nutrition Based on Median Urinary Iodine Concentrations Based on Median Urinary Iodine Concentrations

in Schoolin School--age Children ( age Children ( ≥≥

6 years)6 years)**

MEDIAN VALUE

µg/L

WHO, UNICEF, and ICCIDD, 2001

Severe iodine deficiencyModerate iodine deficiencyMild iodine deficiencyAdequate iodine nutritionLikely to provide adequate intake for

pregnant/lactating women, but pose a slight risk of more than adequateintake in the overall population

Risk of adverse health consequences(iodine induced hyperthyroidism,autoimmune thyroid diseases)

*

Applies to adults, but not to pregnant women

IODINE STATUSIODINE INTAKEµg/day

InsufficientInsufficientInsufficientAdequateAbove requirements

Excessive

< 2020 -

4950 -

99100 -

199200 -

299

≥

300

Median and percent distribution Median and percent distribution of UIE levels by age of UIE levels by age

and physiologic groups: 2008and physiologic groups: 2008

Children, 6 -

12 yrs

13 –

19 yrs

Adults, 20 –

59 yrs

Elderly, ≥60 yrs

Lactating Women

3805

1904

5186

1108

837

132

154

137

107

81

Age/PhysiologicGroup

No. of subjects

UIE, µg/L

Median

Philippines 13283 133

<20 20-49 50-99 >

100

7.7

5.5

6.4

7.5

14.7

7.6

12.0

9.9

11.8

15.6

19.3

12.7

20.0

18.4

20.1

25.3

25.5

20.9

60.2

66.1

61.6

51.7

40.4

58.8

<20%

Age/PhysiologicGroup

No. of subjects

UIE, µg/LMedian

Median and percent distribution of UIE Median and percent distribution of UIE levels among pregnant women: 2008levels among pregnant women: 2008

<20 20-49 50-99 >

100 >

150

Pregnant women 443 105 10.5 15.3 23.2 32.918.3

41.2

14.7

28.6

15.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200 -299 ≥ 300

UIE, µg/L

%

Frequency distribution of UIE values, Frequency distribution of UIE values, NNS 2008 : PHILIPPINESNNS 2008 : PHILIPPINES

2008Median = 133 µg/L

Prev

< 50 µg/L = 20.3

%

Insufficient AdequateAbove Requirements Excessive



Magnitude Magnitude of IDD,of IDD,1 1

Philippines: Philippines: 2008 2008

1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)

No deficiency

(≥100)

Magnitude(Median UIE, μg/L)

%

0.0

0.0

29.4

70.6

SOCCSKSARGEN(20.8%)

MIMAROPA( 22.8%)

CENTRALVISAYAS(22.2%)

EASTERN VISAYAS

(85)

CARAGA(93)

NORTHERN MINDANAO

(98)

DAVAO(85)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(85)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200 -299 ≥ 300

UIE, µg/L

%

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among 6 among 6 –– 12 y old children, 12 y old children,

NNS 1998, 2003 & 2008 : PHILIPPINESNNS 1998, 2003 & 2008 : PHILIPPINES

NNS 1998

65.4

29.2

5.4

0.1

NNS 2003

23.8 25.9

37.0

13.3

NNS 2008

39.7

26.2

17.516.5


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 11.4 %


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 35.8 %


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 19.7 %

Insufficient Adequate Above Requirements Excessive



Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD1 1 among among children, children, 6 6 –– 12 yrs old 12 yrs old by regionby region

SOCCSKSARGEN(27.9%)

WESTERNVISAYAS(24.0%)

MIMAROPA( 28.3%)


EASTERN VISAYAS

(83)

CARAGA(85)

NORTHERN MINDANAO

(90)

DAVAO(68)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(84)1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)

No deficiency (≥100)

Magnitude(Median UIE, μg/L) %

0.0

0.0

29.4

70.6

33.8

18.8

27.719.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200 -299 ≥ 300

UIE, µg/L

%

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among 13 among 13 –– 19 y old children, 19 y old children,

2008 : PHILIPPINES2008 : PHILIPPINES


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 14.7 %




Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD1 1 among among children, children, 13 13 –– 19 yrs old 19 yrs old by regionby region

1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)



0.0

0.0

11.8

88.2

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(93)

DAVAO(95)

EASTERN VISAYAS(24.5%)

CARAGA(26.4%)

38.3

14.9

30.5

16.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200 -299 ≥ 300

UIE, µg/L

%

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among adults, 20 among adults, 20 –– 59 yrs, 59 yrs,



Prev

< 50 µg/L = 17.5 %




Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD1 1 among among adults, adults, 20 20 -- <59 yrs <59 yrs old old by regionby region

1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)



0.0

0.0

29.4

70.6

EASTERN VISAYAS

(80)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(89)

NORTHERN MINDANAO

(99)

DAVAO(88)

CARAGA(96)

MIMAROPA( 20.3%)


48.4

8.8

31.4

11.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200 -299 ≥ 300

UIE, µg/L

%

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among elderly, 60 yrs & over, among elderly, 60 yrs & over,



Prev

< 50 µg/L = 22.3 %




Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD1 1

among among elderly, elderly, 60 yrs & over 60 yrs & over by regionby region

1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)



0.0

0.0

35.3

64.7

EASTERN VISAYAS

(64)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(65)

NORTHERN MINDANAO

(70)

DAVAO(84)

NCR( 23.7%)


CARAGA(28.1%)MIMAROPA

(93)

CAR(71)

CALABARZON( 22.3%)

WESTERNVISAYAS(25.0%)

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among pregnant women, 2003 & 2008 : among pregnant women, 2003 & 2008 :

PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<150 150-249 250 - 499 ≥ 500

UIE, µg/L

%

52.0

22.525.4

NNS 2003NNS 200867.3

18.113.5

1.3


Prev

< 50 µg/L =

25.8 %


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 18.0 %

InsufficientAdequateAbove requirementsExcessive

IODINE INTAKEµg/day

MEDIAN UIEµg/L

< 150150 – 249250 – 499≥

500ICC-IDD 2007

Insufficient Adequate Above Requirements Excessive



Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD among among pregnant pregnant womenwomen11

by regionby region

NORTHERN MINDANAO

(38)

1 ICCIDD, 1997

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

149)



0.0

5.9

88.2

5.9

CAGAYAN VALLEY

(157)

Frequency distribution of UIE values Frequency distribution of UIE values among lactating women, 2003 & 2008 : among lactating women, 2003 & 2008 :

PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

<100 100-199 200-499 ≥ 500 UIE, µg/L

NNS 2008

59.5

25.7

13.9

0.8

NNS 2003

46.4 29.1

24.7


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 23.7 %

AdequateExcessive

MEDIAN UIE µg/L

IODINEINTAKEµg/day

≥100≥

500ICC-IDD 2007


Prev

< 50 µg/L = 34.0%

Insufficient Adequate Above Requirements

Excessive



Magnitude Magnitude of IDDof IDD among among lactating lactating womenwomenby regionby region

1 ICCIDD, 1994

Severe (<20)

Moderate(20 –

49)

Mild (50 –

99)



0.0

11.8

70.6

17.6

ILOCOS(112)

NCR(128)

CARAGA(49)

CAGAYAN VALLEY

(161)

ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

(48)

ILOCOS(21.9%)

Progress in the Philippines towards the Progress in the Philippines towards the elimination of IDD, 1998elimination of IDD, 1998--20032003

Indicator Goal * Achievements1998 2003 2008

Proportion of households using iodized salt, %

Median urinary iodine, µg/L

Proportion < 50µg/L, %

> 90

100 -

200

< 20

25.0

71

35.8

56.0

201

11.4

132

19.7

6 – 12 yrs

Pregnant women

Lactating women--

142

6 – 12 yrs

Pregnant womenLactating women

- 18.0

111

105

81

23.725.834.0-

81.1

150 -

249

*

ICCIDD, 2007



hhThe iodine status of children, 6 -

12 yrs/13 –

19 yrs and adults, 20 -59 yrs and

60 yrs & over are optimal as indicated by median UIEs

hThe iodine status of pregnant and lactating women is of public health concern

hThe proportion of children, pregnant and lactating women with high UIE levels corresponding to “excessive”

iodine

intake has increased

hhThe proportion of households usingiodized salt has increased



MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS





Assessment criteria for BP Assessment criteria for BP classificationclassification

BPClassification

Systolic BP(mm Hg)

Diastolic BP(mm Hg)

Normal

High Normal

Pre-Hypertension

HypertensionStage IStage II

< 120 and < 80

120-129 or 80-84

130 -139 or 85-89

140 -159 or 90-99 >160 or > 100

Based on The Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VII)



Mean systolic BP and diastolic BP (mm Mean systolic BP and diastolic BP (mm Hg) among adults based on a single visit Hg) among adults based on a single visit BP, by age, Philippines: 2008BP, by age, Philippines: 2008

Age (y)

Mean SBP (mm Hg)

Mean DBP(mm Hg)

20-2930-3940-4950-5960-69>70

Overall

112.2116.1122.6131.2136.2140.2120.7

74.577.781.384.282.581.378.8



11.5 18.3

14.717.822.632.5

43.753.9

28.3

27.2

26.1

17.817.818.2

10.3

11.67.4

14.3 15.614.1

13.88.4

19.5

26.724.7

27.1

21.8 28.8

3.72.0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

20-29y 30-39y 40-49y 50-59y 60-69y >70y

Hypertension Stage 1Pre-Hypertension Hypertension Stage 2

NormalHigh Normal

Percent distribution of blood pressure Percent distribution of blood pressure based on a single visit blood BP among based on a single visit blood BP among adults by ageadults by age

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Trends in the prevalence of hypertensioTrends in the prevalence of hypertensio among adults based on a single visit: among adults based on a single visit: Philippines, 1993 Philippines, 1993 -- 20082008

21.022.0 22.5

25.3

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

1993 1998 2003 2008

% P

reva

lenc

e

Hypertension, based on a single visit BP has significantly increased from 2003 to 2008



Assessment criteria for fasting blood Assessment criteria for fasting blood sugar (FBS) based on WHO sugar (FBS) based on WHO classificationclassification

ClassificationClassification FBS (mg/FBS (mg/dLdL))

DesirableDesirable

Impaired Fasting Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) Glucose (IFG)

High FBS High FBS

< 110< 110

110 110 –– 125125

> 125> 125

Based on WHO cut-off

Mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) and Mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) and percent distribution of FBS by agepercent distribution of FBS by age

92.5

91.7

86.3

87.3

90.6

95.1

99.0 0.6

2.7

3.9

4.6

3.7

3.7

1.7

0.4

4.4

9.1

4.8

9.0

5.7

3.2

0% 50% 100%

ALL

>70

60-69

50-59

40-49

30-39

20-29

Percent Mean (mg/dL)

Age Group

79.186.190.095.895.488.388.1

High FBSImpaired Fasting GlucoseDesirable

20-2930-3940-4950-5960-69>70ALL



Trends in the prevalence of high fasting blood sugar among

adults Philippines: 1998, 2003 and 2008

4.8

3.93.4

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

1998 2003 2008



Assessment criteria for lipid profile Assessment criteria for lipid profile based on ATP III Classificationbased on ATP III Classification

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

< 200200 –

239>

240

DesirableBorderline HighHigh

LDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL)

< 130130 –

159>

160

DesirableBorderline HighHigh

HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL)

< 40>

60LowHigh

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

<150150-199

>200-399>400

DesirableBorderlineHighVery High

Lipid Profile Among Filipino AdultsLipid Profile Among Filipino Adults

High total cholesterol = 10.2%High total cholesterol = 10.2%((>>240 mg/240 mg/dLdL))

High LDLHigh LDL--cholesterol = 11.8%cholesterol = 11.8%((>>160 mg/160 mg/dLdL))

Low HDLLow HDL--cholesterol = 64.1%cholesterol = 64.1%(<40 mg/(<40 mg/dLdL))

High triglyceride = 14.6%High triglyceride = 14.6%((>>200 mg/200 mg/dLdL))

High Density LipoproteinHigh Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (HDL) referred to as referred to as ””good cholesterolgood cholesterol””

Low Density LipoproteinLow Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (LDL) referred to as referred to as ””bad cholesterolbad cholesterol””

Cholesterol is a fatty substance that fills a vital function in the body but it can also increase your risk for heart disease and stroke

Triglycerides are the form in which most fat is stored in the body



Comparison in the prevalence of Comparison in the prevalence of dyslipidemia by total cholesterol, LDLdyslipidemia by total cholesterol, LDL-- c, HDLc, HDL--c and triglyceride levels among c and triglyceride levels among adults, Philippines: 2003 and 2008adults, Philippines: 2003 and 2008



The prevalence of hypertension among adults based on a single visit was 25.3%, prevalence peaked at age 40-49 years.

Hypertension

The prevalence of high FBS ( > 125 mg/dL) among adults was 4.8 % , peaked at age 50-59 years with a prevalence of 9.0%.

Diabetes Mellitus



DyslipidemiaTotal cholesterol, LDL-c and triglyceride levels increased with age, particularly rose between ages 40-60 years.

The prevalence of low HDL-c had remained relatively high from 2003 to 2008.

Overall, dyslipidemia based on total, HDL- cholesterol and triglyceride levels had significantly increased from 2003 to 2008.



MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS



Operational Definition:Operational Definition:

Infant Feeding PracticesInfant Feeding Practices ––

collective term for collective term for the feeding practices (e.g. breastfeeding, bottlethe feeding practices (e.g. breastfeeding, bottle--

feeding, and complementary feeding)feeding, and complementary feeding)

Current FeedingCurrent Feeding Practices Practices ––

refers to the childrefers to the child’’s s feeding practice at survey timefeeding practice at survey time

BreastfeedingBreastfeeding ––

a method of feeding an infant directly from the breast. This is the best andmost natural way of feeding an infant

WeaningWeaning –

cessation of breastfeeding

Exclusive breastfeedingExclusive breastfeeding –

a feeding method where an infant is given no food or drink other than breast milk (except medication)



ColostrumColostrum –

the first thick yellowish fluid which comes out from the breast usually during the first 5 days after delivery. It contains anti-bodies that give immunity to the newborn against gastrointestinal and viral infections.

Complementary foodComplementary food –

foods introduced to the child and given progressively until the child becomes accustomed to family food to complement breast milk.

Operational Definition:Operational Definition:





Percentage distribution of 0Percentage distribution of 0--23 23 monthmonth--old old childrenchildren: Philippines, 2008 : Philippines, 2008 (n=1,040)(n=1,040)

22.8

27.050.3

0-5 months 6-11 months12-23 months

%%

%



Percentage distribution of children, Percentage distribution of children, 00--23 month23 month--old, by current feeding old, by current feeding practice: Philippines, 2008practice: Philippines, 2008

Feeding Practice Percent

Exclusive Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding + Complementary Feeding

Other milk or Other milk + Other Foods

Other Foods

8.6

29.9

55.4

6.2



35.9 36.8

27.3

00.5

39.4

59.8

0.3 0.6

21.6

65.7

12.20

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

00--5 months5 months 1212--23 months23 months66--11 months11 months

Per

cent

age

Distribution of children by current feeding practice by age group: Philippines, 2008

Exclusive BreastfeedingExclusive Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding + ComplementaryBreastfeeding + ComplementaryFeedingFeeding

Other Milk or Other milk + Other FoodsOther Milk or Other milk + Other Foods

Other FoodsOther Foods



Ever Breastfed

89.6 %

Not Ever Breastfed

10.4 %

Percentage of ever breastfed Percentage of ever breastfed 0 to 23 0 to 23 monthmonth--oldold

childrenchildren

: Philippines, 2008: Philippines, 2008



Distribution of 0 Distribution of 0 –– 23 month 23 month children by exclusive breastfeeding: children by exclusive breastfeeding: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Ever Breastfed

89.6 %

Not Ever Breastfed

10.4 %

0 20 40 60 80 100

PERCENT

Exclusively Breastfed

82.8

17.2Not

Exclusively Breastfed



Ever Breastfed

89.6 %

Not Ever Breastfed

10.4 %

0 20 40 60 80 100

PERCENT

Given Colostrum 89.4

10.6Not Given

Colostrum

Percentage of ever breastfed Percentage of ever breastfed children, 0 to 23 monthchildren, 0 to 23 month--old by giving old by giving of colostrum: Philippines, 2008of colostrum: Philippines, 2008



Infant feeding practices by Infant feeding practices by distribution of 0distribution of 0--23 months by 23 months by exclusive breastfeeding: Philippines, exclusive breastfeeding: Philippines, 20082008

0.06-71.48-90.010-110.612-151.216-190.020-238.6All 0-23

Not Breastfeedi

ng

Age in Months

Exclusive Breastfeedi

ng<2 14.6

12.333.743.1

60.988.374.484.5

87.361.4

45.6

48.015.4

2-3

4-5



Distribution of children by time of Distribution of children by time of initiation of breastfeeding: initiation of breastfeeding: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Time of Initiation of Breastfeeding Percent

After 1 hour or more

After 1 day or more

After child has been cleaned

Right after delivery while cutting the umbilical cord

46.0

20.9

20.1

11.4

After 1 week or more 1.5



Distribution of Children by reason why Distribution of Children by reason why breast milk was given to child: breast milk was given to child: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

41.7

8.27.6

4.32.8

1.30.22.7

12.035.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Economical/no money to buy infant formula

Nutritious/complete food for baby

Safe,convenient and readily available

As advised by physician/other health personne;

Increases immune responses

Foster stronger maternal-child bonding

As advised by friends/relatives

Own Preference

Benefits derived as shown in TV/print media/billboards

Others



Distribution of children by main Distribution of children by main reason why breastfeeding was reason why breastfeeding was stopped: Philippines, 2008stopped: Philippines, 2008

Reasons Percent

Another pregnancy 9.1

Child refused 7.8

Mother ill/weak/underwent surgery 7.6

Cracked nipple/breast infection 5.4

Child old enough for weaning 2.8

Child ill/weak 2.5

Child abandoned/separated from mother 1.5

Others 2.9

As advised by health personnel/relatives/friends

0.5

Child not gaining weight 0.1

Inadequate milk flow

Working outside home/too busy

34.5

25.5



31.664.5

4.0

Infant follow-on/growing-up MilkPowdered, filled milkPowdered, whole milk

Distribution of children by type of Distribution of children by type of milk given: Philippines, 2008milk given: Philippines, 2008

LEGEND:



Distribution of children by reason for Distribution of children by reason for choosing kind of milk: Philippines, choosing kind of milk: Philippines, 20082008

40.3

10.6

9.9

8.2

7.4

5.3

2.2

1.3

1.0

13.9

0 10 20 30 40 50

Affordable

Nutritious

"Hiyang sa bata"

As per advice by doctor/health personnel

As per advice of relatives/friends

To make child healthy/active

Always available

To make child intelligent

As per benefits shown by media

Others (own decisin of mother)



Distribution of children by first Distribution of children by first introductory food given to child: introductory food given to child: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

48.1

4.6

3.7

1.3

1.2

1.1

0.4

1.4

37.2

1.0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

water

solid/semi-solid foods

water + sugar

am

fresh juice

fish soup/broth

vegetable soup/broth

meat soup/broth

milk other than the one presently given

others



Distribution of children by reason for Distribution of children by reason for giving first introductory food: Philippines, giving first introductory food: Philippines, 20082008 Reasons Percent

As per advice by relatives/friends 17.7No milk flow 15.1As transition to regular diet 13.5As per advised by health personnel 13.1To familiarize child on taste of food 12.1With Health benefits 8.6Economical 5.0Child is old enough to eat 3.4Nutritious 2.8Own decision 2.6Due to tradition 2.2To satisfy thirst 1.7Mother cannot breastfeed 1.0Preferred by baby 0.8Child with cleft palate 0.2As shown in TV/print media/billboards 0.2



Distribution of children when Distribution of children when complementary feeding started and complementary feeding started and mean age of start: Philippines, 2008mean age of start: Philippines, 2008

Complementary Foods Percent Mean Age (in months)

Plain water 86.2 3.0Water + sugar 22.6 4.2Am 36.7 6.2Solid/semi-solid foods 75.4 6.1Fresh fruit juice 50.2 6.7Fish soup/broth 71.3 6.9Meat soup/broth 69.6 6.9Vegetable soup/broth 71.9 6.8Powdered or ready to drink juice

48.0 10.0

Milk other than the one presently given 26.6 10.0

Other liquids 50.3 10.0



17.8

2.6

0.9

2.0

1.0

0.3

8.7

Mother FatherBrother SisterGrandparents Other relatives"Yaya" Others

Distribution of children by person Distribution of children by person who feeds the child: Philippines, 2008who feeds the child: Philippines, 2008

LEGEND:

66.7



4.8

8.51.5

Distribution of children by reason Distribution of children by reason why mother does not feed the child: why mother does not feed the child: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

Mother working/busyMother working/busy

Others Others

Child is used to him/herChild is used to him/her

Child has appetite when Child has appetite when fed by him/herfed by him/her

LEGEND:

85.6



Distribution of children by person Distribution of children by person who decides on food to feed the who decides on food to feed the child: Philippines, 2008child: Philippines, 2008

Mother Mother

SisterSister

FatherFather

BrotherBrother OthersOthers

GrandparentsGrandparents

Other RelativesOther Relatives

1.4

0.1

0.2

11.9

0.3

4.8

LEGEND:

81.3



35.9

29.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Per

cent

age

Comparison of the 2003 and 2008 Duration of Breastfeeding: Philippines, 2008

20082008

20032003LEGEND:

Mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding

2.2 mos 3.0 mos

Mean duration of breastfeeding

4.9 mos 5.6 mos



Exclusive breastfeeding of 0-5 month old children was only 35.9%. This is implies that only more than 1/3 of the children met the WHO recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months.

Of the total sample children, the proportion of ever breastfed children was 89.6%. Out of this ever breastfed, 82.8% were exclusively breastfed and 89.4% were given colostrum.

The mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.3 months. Compared with the 2003 which is 3.0 months, a significant decrease was noted.



Comparing the mean duration of ever breastfeeding, the 2008 was slightly lower at 4.9 months versus 5.6 months in 2008. There was no significant difference between the 2 base year.

Only 17.1% of the sample children were breastfed up to 12-23 months. Again, this is far more short of the recommended length of breastfeeding by WHO which is up to 2 years of age.



Introduction of complementary foods to children was between 4-6 months.

Untimely or early stopping of breastfeeding has been attributed by mothers to their work as well as inadequate flow of breastmilk.



MINDANAO

LUZON

VISAYAS



Among householdsAmong households……....

Food ProductionFree Medical/Dental ServicesBotika ng Bayan

LEGEND

Tindahan Natin

Senior Citizen Discount Card

Percentage of households participating in Percentage of households participating in government programsgovernment programs

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Per

cent

age

13.1

33.934.2

1.83.88.8

15.224.2

19.8

4.7

51.8

Nutrition Education

Food-for-School

Responsible ParenthoodCredit Assistance for LivelihoodSkills TrainingFood-for-Work



FoodFood--forfor--School Program School Program ……

….A conditional food transfer program of the government aimed to mitigate hunger and prevent further decline of nutritional status of learners, and to improve their school attendance and academic performance.



Percentage of households coveredPercentage of households covered**

and not covered by Foodand not covered by Food--forfor--School School ProgramProgram

41.0 %59.0%

Not CoveredCovered

*Covered households (n=21,547) – are households with children enrolled in Day Care Centers and in elementary schools under DepEd, for the past 12 months



80.2 % 19.8%

Not Recipients Claimed Recipients

Percentage of covered household who Percentage of covered household who respond to question: Is/Are you respond to question: Is/Are you

child/children recipient of the Foodchild/children recipient of the Food--forfor-- School Program?School Program?

Recipients are households (n=4,595) with children enrolled in Day Care Centers and in elementary schools under DepEd, for the past 12 months, and received rice as ration



Percentage of households who claimed to Percentage of households who claimed to be recipients* of Foodbe recipients* of Food--forfor-- School School Program by frequency of receiving one Program by frequency of receiving one kilo of ricekilo of rice

0

10

20

30

40

50Pe

rcen

tage

Daily Weekly Monthly

47.4

28.624.0

*Recipients are households (n=4,595) with children enrolled in Day Care Centers and in elementary schools under DepEd, for the past 12 months, and received rice as ration



Percentage of households who claimed Percentage of households who claimed to be recipients* of Foodto be recipients* of Food--forfor-- School School

Program by duration of receiving Program by duration of receiving one kilo of riceone kilo of rice

0

20

40

60

80

100Pe

rcen

tage

Less than 5 months

5 months

More than 5 months

New recipients

75.2

5.014.4

5.4




0

10

20

30

40

50

60Pe

rcen

tage

Unfortified rice

Do not know

Percentage of households who claimedPercentage of households who claimed to be recipients* of Foodto be recipients* of Food--forfor-- School School

Program by type of rice givenProgram by type of rice given

Fortified rice

51.9

30.9

17.2


Percentage of households who claimed Percentage of households who claimed to be recipients* of Foodto be recipients* of Food--forfor--School School

Program by presence of other members Program by presence of other members partaking the rice givenpartaking the rice given

0 20 40 60 80 100

PERCENT

With other members partaking 97.6

Without other members partaking

Given to neighbors

2.1

0.319.8%80.2 %

Not Recipients

Claimed Recipients




0

20

40

60

80

100Pe

rcen

tage

DSWD Others

Percentage of households who claimedPercentage of households who claimed to be recipients* of Foodto be recipients* of Food--forfor-- School School

Program by sponsor of rice givenProgram by sponsor of rice given

DepED

79.2

14.60.2 6.1

Both DepEd & DSWD




Food Fortification Food Fortification ProgramProgram……

Sangkap Pinoy Seal (SPS)Sangkap Pinoy Seal (SPS)

…is the local term referring to the Seal given by the DOH to food products that have been certified as fortified singly or in combination of the three essential micronutrients, namely: vit. A, iron and iodine.

Iodized saltIodized salt… ordinary salt to which iodine has been added.



Percentage distribution of households Percentage distribution of households by awareness of food products with by awareness of food products with Sangkap Pinoy Seal Sangkap Pinoy Seal **

Awareness Percent

Aware 11.6

Not aware 88.4

*SPS food products are fortified with nutrients at DOH-prescribed level, that is 1/3 of the nutrient requirement

Gave correct example 9.8

Gave incorrect example 1.8



Proportion of households choosing foodProportion of households choosing food products with products with Sangkap Pinoy SealSangkap Pinoy Seal

when buying processed foods: when buying processed foods: Philippines, 2008Philippines, 2008

INFORMATION YES NO N/A

All survey households

All households who know SPS

8.6 3.0

22.5

88.4

77.5

2.2

2.8

3.9

8.0

9.2

9.5

42.9

60.1Food products endorsed/approved by DOH

Nutritious/good for the body/with added vitamins minerals

Tasty

“masarap”

Easy to prepare

Philippine made/ “pagkaing

Pinoy”

Others (with chemicals, etc.)*multiple response

HouseholdHousehold’’s knowledge* of food products with s knowledge* of food products with Sangkap Pinoy SealSangkap Pinoy Seal

Percent of households who know SPS-seal

Response*

Affordable

“Pampatalino”



Percentage of households who are Percentage of households who are aware and using iodized saltaware and using iodized salt

Awareness 78.5

41.9

53.3

AWARENESS / USAGE PERCENT

Usage among all survey households

Presently using



Trend of household awareness and Trend of household awareness and usage of iodized salt, 1998usage of iodized salt, 1998--20082008

Perc

enta

ge78.5

83.479.567.3

41.949.2

38.124.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

1998 2003 2005 2008

Awareness

Usage

Survey Year



Percentage of households by awareness of iodized salt by region

CAR (80.4

)

CAGAYAN VALLEY (84.4)

ILOCOS (78.2)

CENTRAL LUZON (91.4)

NCR (87.9)

CALABARZON (92.0)

BICOL (77.6)

EASTERN VISAYAS (66.9)

WESTERN VISAYAS (57.4)

CENTRAL VISAYAS (70.5)

CARAGA (72.5)

NORTHERN MINDANAO (83.7)

ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA (75.8)

ARMM (29.7)

DAVAO (79.2)

SOCCSKSARGEN (65.4)

MIMAROPA (79.3)

%

%

%

National Estimate = 78.5%




CAR (53.4)


ILOCOS (26.6)

CENTRAL LUZON (38.0)

NCR (51.5)

CALABARZON (49.1)

BICOL (33.1)




CARAGA (41.1)


ARMM (16.7)

DAVAO (58.3)

SOCCSKSARGEN (46.9)

MIMAROPA (38.5)

50% and Above

Below 50%

Percentage of households by usage of iodized salt by region




CAR (92.8)


ILOCOS (89.8)

CENTRAL LUZON (52.8) NCR

(82.6)

CALABARZON (65.0)

BICOL (95.0)




CARAGA (90.6)



ARMM (61.2)

DAVAO (96.3)

SOCCSKSARGEN (96.9)

MIMAROPA (66.3)

Percent of households by positive reaction of salts samples to potassium iodate solution using RTK by region: 2008

* Based on the goal set by the WHO, UNICEF, ICCIDD, 2007

% *%

%




75.4

24.6

81.1

18.9

0

15

30

45

60

75

90

2005 2008

Positive Negative

Reaction of salt samples to the rapid Reaction of salt samples to the rapid test kit (RTK) and comparison with test kit (RTK) and comparison with

20052005

Perc

enta

ge



Food Labeling...Food Labeling...



53.8

35.1

11.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60Pe

rcen

tage

Yes Sometimes

Percentage of households by response Percentage of households by response to question: to question: Do you read product labels Do you read product labels

when buying processed foodswhen buying processed foods? ? (n=5,014)(n=5,014)

No



Percentage of households who are Percentage of households who are reading product labels by kind of reading product labels by kind of information they are looking in the information they are looking in the labellabel

I - Ingredients

M - Manufacturer

NF - Nutrition FactsED - Expiration Date

BN - Brand Name

O - OthersNW - Net Weight

LEGEND

46.0 45.838.3

28.2

7.14.5

14.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

enta

ge

WHO USUALLY READ

ED NF I BR M NW O43.1 40.1

44.6

25.6

7.23.2

14.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Per

cent

age

WHO SOMETIMES READ

ED NF I BR M NW O



Percentage of households who are Percentage of households who are reading nutrition facts by kind of reading nutrition facts by kind of information they are looking forinformation they are looking for

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80Pe

rcen

tage

Nutrients Calories per

Serving

Amount per

Serving

73.4

26.1

10.5

Percent Daily

Values

Others

4.7 7.0



10.0

76.6

13.4

0

20

40

60

80

100Pe

rcen

tage

Percentage of households reading Percentage of households reading nutrition facts by response to question: nutrition facts by response to question:

Does nutrition facts influence you in Does nutrition facts influence you in buying a productbuying a product??

No Yes Sometimes



Essential Drugs...Essential Drugs...…Defined by WHO as “those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population, should be available at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosage, at a price that the community can afford.



Percentage distribution of Percentage distribution of households buying essential drugshouseholds buying essential drugs

97.1

2.9

0

20

40

60

80

100Pe

rcen

tage

Buying Not buying



Percentage of households who are Percentage of households who are buying essential drugs by place of buying essential drugs by place of

purchasepurchase

Perc

enta

ge

Botika ng Barangay

Drug Store

Hospital Pharmacy

Sari-Sari Store

27.9

Health Center

Other Sources

75.8

4.1 8.8

38.6

1.30

20

40

60

80

100



Percentage of households buying Percentage of households buying essential drugs and by perception essential drugs and by perception

about the costabout the cost

0

10

20

30

40

50

60Pe

rcen

tage

Expensive Just right

Affordable

17.3

47.0

34.5

1.2

Others



0

20

40

60

80

100Pe

rcen

tage

Sometimes Available

Always Available

74.4

Percentage of households buying Percentage of households buying essential drugs by availability of the essential drugs by availability of the

drugsdrugs

Not Available

23.6

2.0



Among childrenAmong children……....

http://www.clker.com/clipart-14528.html



Percentage of children, 0Percentage of children, 0--48 months, 48 months, participating in government programsparticipating in government programs

Newborn Screening (for newly born infants)BCG - (children, 0-3 moths)

LEGEND

DPT - (children, 1-2 months)

OPV – (children, 2-6 months) Hepatitis B – (children, 0-6 months)Measles – (children, 9-48 months)

13.8

86.182.4

85.9 85.3

45.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

enta

ge

BCG

DPT

OPV

HEPA

B

MEASLES

ImmunizationNewborn Screening



Percentage of children, 0Percentage of children, 0--5 years, 5 years, participating in government programsparticipating in government programs

GM - Growth Monitoring (children, 0 – 5 years)

SF - Supplementary Feeding (children, 3 – 5 years)

OFC - Orally Fit Child (children, 3 – 5 years)

LEGEND

OPT - Operation Timbang (children, 0 – 5 years)

39.5

72.1

18.6 14.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

enta

ge

GM

OPT SF OFC



Percentage of children participating Percentage of children participating in deworming program of the in deworming program of the

governmentgovernment

59.064.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70Pe

rcen

tage

1-

5 years 6 -

12 years



CAR (75.4)


ILOCOS (64.3)

CENTRAL LUZON (47.7) NCR

(56.6)

CALABARZON (45.1)

BICOL (68.7)




CARAGA (77.6)



ARMM (68.9)

DAVAO (79.2)

SOCCSKSARGEN (74.2)

MIMAROPA (64.5)

Percentage of children, 6-12 years by participation in

deworming program of the government by

regionNational Estimate = 64.1%

%%

%



Among pregnant and Among pregnant and lactating motherslactating mothers……....



Percentage of pregnant and lactating Percentage of pregnant and lactating mothers participating in government mothers participating in government programsprograms

42.2

24.8 24.4

2.1

40.0

22.1

100.0

1.90

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

enta

geBreastfeeding Promotion

Toxoid ImmunizationNutrition Counseling

LEGEND

Other Programs

LactatingPregnant



The Food Production program had the highest percentage of households claiming participation (51.8%)

The rest of the programs for households included in the survey had participation below 50-percentage points

Among households…



Among the government programs for children, 0 to 5 years, the program on Immunization specifically BCG, DPT, OPV and Hepatitis B, had the highest percentage of children claiming participation, followed by Operation Timbang and Deworming

About 64% of children aged 6 to 12 years participated in the deworming program of the government

Among children…



Among pregnant women, less than 50.0% claimed participation in Toxoid Immunization, Nutrition Counseling and Breast feeding Promotion

One hundred percent (100%) of the lactating mothers claimed participation on the Breast Feeding Promotion of the government

Among pregnant and lactating mothers…



About 35% of the households claimed reading food labels of which 46.0% looked for expiration date and 45.8% on nutrition facts

About 97% of the households claimed buying essential drugs of which 74.4% said the drugs are always available and they usually buy them in drugstores (75.8%)

Food Labels

Essential Drugs



Awareness of food products with Sangkap Pinoy Seal is 11.6%

Among those who are aware, 77.5% choose products with SPS when buying processed foods

Food products with Sangkap Pinoy Seal



Iodized salt survey revealed a relatively high awareness (78.5%) but low in usage (41.9%)

There was a decrease in the proportion of households who are aware and users of iodized salt between 2005 and 2008

Iodized Salt



onclusions andonclusions andCCCImplications to Programs

Windows for action:

Review existing health and nutrition programs to address the emerging problem of double burden of malnutrition, especially among children and pre-adolescents / adolescents

Strengthen and integrate efforts to combat malnutrition among children




Windows for action:

Ensure adequate maternal nutritional status

Strengthen promotion of exclusive breastfeeding thru 6 months, and appropriate complementary feeding and breastfeeding;



Frequency of distribution of iron supplements in high-risk areas, and particularly among pregnant and lactating women

Windows for action:


Dietary modification and increased physical activity as part of behavior modification effort to address lifestyle diseases



Review current policies on health and nutrition, e.g. asin law, food fortification law,

Windows for action:


Need to encourage partnership with various stakeholders on program/project implementation, particularly with the local executives (new) and the food industry



United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)Department of Science and Technology-

Grants

in Aid (DOST-GIA) through the PCHRD Department of Health, National Center for

Disease Prevention and Control (DOH- NCDPC), Non-Communicable Disease Office

(DOH-NCDO), National Nutrition Council (DOH-NNC)

Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Research (DA-BAR)

Philippine Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (PSEM)

Wyeth Philippines, Inc.

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)Department of Science and Technology-

Grants

in Aid (DOST-GIA) through the PCHRDDepartment of Health, National Center for

Disease Prevention and Control (DOH- NCDPC), Non-Communicable Disease Office

(DOH-NCDO), National Nutrition Council (DOH-NNC)

Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Research (DA-BAR)

Philippine Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (PSEM)

Wyeth Philippines, Inc.



Multi-Sectoral

Task Force (MTF) member organizations headed by Dr. Dante D. Morales

Multi-Sectoral

Task Force (MTF) member organizations headed by Dr. Dante D. Morales

Philippine Lipid and Atherosclerosis Society (PLAS)

Philippine Society of Hypertension (PSH)

Philippine Heart Association (PHA)

Philippine Society of Nephrology (PSN)

Osteoporosis Society of the Philippine Foundation, Inc. (OSPFI)

Philippine Association for the Study of Overweight and Obesity (PASOO)

Philippine Rheumatology Association (PRA)

Philippine Association on Vascular Medicine (PSVM)

Philippine Lipid and Atherosclerosis Society (PLAS)

Philippine Society of Hypertension (PSH)

Philippine Heart Association (PHA)

Philippine Society of Nephrology (PSN)

Osteoporosis Society of the Philippine Foundation, Inc. (OSPFI)

Philippine Association for the Study of Overweight and Obesity (PASOO)

Philippine Rheumatology Association (PRA)

Philippine Association on Vascular Medicine (PSVM)



Philippine College of Physicians (PCP)

Philippine Society of Asthma, Allergy, Immunology (PSAAI)

Philippine College of Physicians (PCP)

Philippine Society of Asthma, Allergy, Immunology (PSAAI)

National Statistics Office (NSO)Local Government Unit-

Department of Interior

and Local Government (LGU-DILG) and their local executives, the Governors, Mayors, and the Barangay

Captains, and their

constituents Dr. Isidoro

David and Dr. Zita

Albacea

DOST Regional Directors, Provincial Science and Technology Officers (PSTO)

National Statistics Office (NSO)Local Government Unit-

Department of Interior

and Local Government (LGU-DILG) and their local executives, the Governors, Mayors, and the Barangay

Captains, and their

constituentsDr. Isidoro

David and Dr. Zita

Albacea

DOST Regional Directors, Provincial Science and Technology Officers (PSTO)



Regional, Provincial, City and Municipal Nutrition Action Officers

The 36,344 households and their 191,351 members

All technical and non-technical FNRI Staff, Local Researchers, and their Local Survey Aids

Regional, Provincial, City and Municipal Nutrition Action Officers

The 36,344 households and their 191,351 members

All technical and non-technical FNRI Staff, Local Researchers, and their Local Survey Aids



FNRI HOME PAGE:

FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH INSTITUTEFOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH INSTITUTEDepartment of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Science and Technology

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http://http://www.fnri.dost.gov.phwww.fnri.dost.gov.ph



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THANK YOU



Rationale for the development of the Rationale for the development of the WHO child growth standards (CGS)WHO child growth standards (CGS)

The recommended NCHS/WHO The recommended NCHS/WHO international reference was reinternational reference was re--assessed assessed due to the following:due to the following:

Individual infantsIndividual infants– interferes with sound nutritional

management of breastfed infants, increasing their risk of morbidity and mortality

PopulationsPopulations– provides inaccurate estimates of

undernutrition

and overweight



How will the development of How will the development of the WHO child growth the WHO child growth standards (CGS) help?standards (CGS) help?

Reconfirm the right to the “highest attainable standard of health”

Reinforce breastfeeding as the best source of nutrition for infants

Provide an opportunity to strengthen growth promotion programmes

Improve assessment of poor growth and monitoring of progress towards the MDGs



Percentage distribution of 0Percentage distribution of 0--5 year5 year-- old children by nutritional status old children by nutritional status using CGS/WHO: Philippines, 2008using CGS/WHO: Philippines, 2008

*

* For 0-60 months only



Comparison of nutritional status of 0Comparison of nutritional status of 0--5 5 yearyear--old children by weightold children by weight--for age for age classification using NCHS IRS and WHO classification using NCHS IRS and WHO CGS: Philippines, 2008 CGS: Philippines, 2008

01020304050607080

NCHS IRS CGS

26.2 21.6

71.8 76.7

2.0 1.7

% P

reva

lenc

e

Underweight Normal Overweight



Comparison of nutritional status of 0Comparison of nutritional status of 0--5 5 yearyear--old children by heightold children by height--forfor--age age classification using NCHS IRS and classification using NCHS IRS and WHO CGS: Philippines, 2008WHO CGS: Philippines, 2008

01020304050607080

NCHS IRS CGS

27.9 32.3

71.066.5

1.1 1.2

% P

reva

lenc

e

Underheight Normal Tall



Comparison in the trends of the Comparison in the trends of the prevalence of underweight among prevalence of underweight among children, 0children, 0--5 years old, using NCHS IRS 5 years old, using NCHS IRS vsvs CGS: 1989 to 2008CGS: 1989 to 2008

34.5 34.029.9 30.8 32.0 30.6

26.924.6 26.2

29.3 28.124.6 25.1 26.7

24.421.4 21.7 21.6

0

10

20

30

40

1989 1992 1993 1996 1998 2001 2003 2005 2008

% P

reva

lenc

e

NCHS IRS CGS



39.936.8

34.3 34.5 34.031.4 29.9

26.3 27.9

45.641.5

39.3 40.4 39.536.4 34.4 33.8 32.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

1989 1992 1993 1996 1998 2001 2003 2005 2008

% P

reva

lenc

e

NCHS IRS CGS

Comparison in the trends of the Comparison in the trends of the prevalence of prevalence of underheightunderheight among among children, 0children, 0--5 years old, using NCHS IRS 5 years old, using NCHS IRS vsvs CGS: 1989 to 2008 CGS: 1989 to 2008

NatlNuritionSurv2008_FNRI

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