Nationalism Triumphs in Europe Chapter 23 - Quia

Nationalism Triumphs in Europe

Chapter 23

23-1 Building a German Nation

Steps Toward Unity n  In the early 1800s, German speaking people

occupied a number of medium sized states. " Impact of Napoleon

n  Napoleon reforms n  Demand unified German state n  German Confederation

" Austria " Prussian Leadership

n  Created a fragmented economic union

Bismarck and German Unity n  Otto von Bismarck of Prussia, prime minister

of Prussia, united the German states under Prussian rule

" Master of Realpolitik n  Not really a German nationalist

" Hohenzollerns

" Strengthening the Army n  How did he get money? n  War

" Wars with Denmark and Austria n  Prussia and Austria “liberated” states from

Denmark. n  Austro-Prussian War

" Austria annexed " Dissolved German Confederation

" The Franco-Prussian War 1870 n  Propaganda n  Editing telegraph

The German Empire " The Second Reich

n  William I of Prussia became Kaiser n  Why second? n  Two house legislature ruled by emperor and

his chancellor

23-2 Strengthening Germany

The German Industrial Giant

" Economic Progress n  Iron, coal, and _______ n  Booming businesses in world market

" Science, Government, and Industry n  Science and technology n  Single currency n  Protective tariff

The Iron Chancellor n  Austria and Russia n  He targeted two groups he believed posed a

threat to the German Empire: " Campaign Against the Church

n  1/3rd Catholic n  Kulturkampf

" Education " Priests " Civil marriages " Jesuits

" Campaign Against the Socialists n  Fear of revolution against government n  Dissolved groups and newspapers

" Result: n  Socialist Model

" Accident insurance, health care, retirement benefits

Kaiser William II

" The new emperor succeeded in 1888, he made Bismarck resign in 1890.

" Social welfare " Loyalty in education " Improved German navy

23-3 Unifying Italy

Obstacles to Italian Unity n  Stratified n  Napoleon n  Congress of Vienna

" Austria in North, Hapsburg, French in Naples and Sicily

" Mazzini’s Young Italy n  Giuseppe Mazzini plots

" The Tide of Nationalism n  Economic sense n  Language

The Struggle for Italy " Intrigue With France

n  1855 prime minister of Sardinia formed an alliance w/ France

n  Austria

" Garibaldi’s Red Shirts " Unity at Last

n  Garibaldi turned over Naples and Sicily to Victor Emmanuel in Sardinia

n  Austro-Prussian War n  Franco-Prussian War

Challenges Facing the New Nation

n  Unification problems. Why? " Divisions

n  North and south n  Church and government

" Turmoil n  Limited suffrage n  Anarchists

" How do countries promote internal unity? Why?

" Progress n  Industrialization n  Emigration

" U.S., Canada, Latin America