National Land Record Modernization Program Presented by : N K Buildcon Pvt Limited, Jaipur
National Land Record Modernization Program
Presented by :
N K Buildcon Pvt Limited, Jaipur
Presentation Layout
NKBPL Scanning and Digitization Resurveys
NKBPL Capabilities
Please visit stall -31 or visit at www.nkbuildcon.com
A Financially sound, ISO 9001 Certified, Multi disciplinary consultancy services provider.
Has completed more than 1200000 Ha or 120000 sqkm surveys using ETS, DGPS in five States for various infrastructure projects
Scanning and Digitization
Scanning of Cadastral Maps Digitization of Cadastral Maps Digitization of Imageries Digitization of Captured Survey Data from
Digital topographical database to Spatial form
Land Record Modernization
Computerization of all land records including mutations, digitization of maps and integration of textual and spatial data.
Survey/re-survey and updation of land records.
Computerization of registration and its integration with the land records maintenance system and development of Geospatial Information System (GIS) and capacity building.
General Methodology : Land Record Modernization
Village (Cadastral) Map
Vectorisation of (Cadastral) Map
Overlap of Cadastral Maps on High resolution Satellite Image
Fused product f High resolution Satellite Image (Cartosat)
Survey
Re-Survey Updation
High resolution Satellite Image, ETS, GPS
Aerial Image, ETS, GPS
Digital Cadastral Geospatial Database
High resolution Satellite Image, ETS, GPS
NoYes
Fewer ChangesLarge Changes
Availability
Analyse changes in parcel (Size, Shape)& identity areas for
Cadastral maps Our existing cadastral maps dates back to 80-90 years.
These cadastral maps prepared using plane table survey and chain survey.
Prepared for assessing revenues on the basis of land parcel area, quality of land and output generated.
These maps need to be brought under standard projection/coordinate system for effective linkage of the developmental plans generated in the GIS environment.
Methodology for Digitization of Cadastral Village Maps
Collection of analog cadastral village maps (sheet-wise) Tracing or re-production of the analog map Scanning of Revenue MapsSheet indexing and scanning of the analog maps (converting analog to raster cadastral images) Grid correction of the scanned (raster) map Feature abstraction from the scanned map Creation of spatial dataAttribute data attachmentOutput Layout s for printing and hard copy evaluation
Collection of analog cadastral village maps (sheet wise)
Before executing the project, sheet-wise cadastral maps have to be collected. The maps should be up-to-date and in good condition The condition should be such that it can be scanned
through a contact (roller) scanner or a flat-bed scanner (prefer flat-bed scanner)
it should not be a cloth mounted, nor be torn or ragged, and not have too many folds.
The control points (tics) should be available The features, Parcel number (khasra no.) and All
symbols (alamats) of the map should be clear and distinguishable.
Scanning of Revenue Maps The following minimum specifications must be adopted while
scanning the cadastral sheets. The cadastral maps are scanned using AO size raster scanner Map should be scanned at 200 dpi Black/White (8 bit grey tone
if all the details are not picked up during scanning, the parameter should be changed to 400 dpi on 24 bit color
The raster image of scanned map should be in TIFF format *.tif (I120501007035101.tif) or *.gif
the scanned map orientation should be upright The raster image of scanned map should be cleaned and de-
speckled to remove noise The measured length and width within bounding box of the
scanned map should be +/- 0.1% of the map manuscript measurements
Dimensional accuracy of the raster data implies total correspondence between the raster data and the original map. The following procedures are used to
achieve dimensional accuracy: 1. Checking for expansion. 2. Checking for contraction. 3. Checking for translation. 4. Checking for rotation.
Tracing and re- Production of the analog map
If the analog cadastral village map is not in condition for direct scanning, then the sheet has to be sent for tracing (preferably on a 75-100 GSM mylar film)
Tracing to be done on 75 micron polyester film and it should be done with 0.1 pen using black ink only
All the features should be traced. The labels should be placed neatly in the center of the
feature with free hand drawing. In case the feature is too small to accommodate the label, it should be placed at a convenient location with a marker arrow.
The heading and legend data should also be traced along with scale, north arrow, sheet no., etc. along with map border.
Sheet indexing All sheets have to be indexed with appropriate index numbers. The index number is to be generated using the village metadata
with respect to the various administrative codes (State, district, tehsil, and revenue inspector/patwari/thana/mouza and village code)
A typical example of index number may be I120501007035101 (IDDTTRRHHHVVVVnn)
Grid correction of the scanned (raster map)
A vector grid is generated on raster map There are 28*20 grids depending upon the map
orientation The length of the grid is 2800 meters on one side and
2000 meters on the other side of map The area of each sub-grid is 100 meters by 100
meters, hence the area is one hectare At least 16 to 20 control points are identified on the
scanned maps as will as corresponding map
800 m
700 m
100 m
100 m
GCP
Feature abstraction from the scanned map
The grid-registered scanned cadastral map sheet is displayed in the background, the required environment settings for digitization are set, and the required features are captured into different layers (based on the feature type)
Error should be within permissible limits for digitization, viz., weed tolerance, coordinate movement tolerance, sliver polygon tolerance, coordinate unit, planimetric errors, fuzzy tolerance, etc
is the process of capturing the point, line, and polygon features as vectors and text as annotation.
Point feature- wells, temples, trees, etc Line feature- roads, canals etc Polygon feature- parcel boundary, village boundary etc
Digitization errors
Some common digitizing errors
overshoot
line digitizedtwice
missingline
spike
undershoot
Digitization errors
Creation of spatial data
1/9th part
1/18th partDigitized map
1/36th Part
Digitization & Feature extraction
• Sample village map (Cadastral) digitized.
Attribute data attachment
Attribute data for each parcel is attached in the text layer.
The parcel number and parcel land use are the two main attributes that are linked to the village polygons.
Parcel number is the primary key for linking of RoR details
Spatial data creation using satellite image
Settlements
Administrative
Boundaries
1/36th part Cartosat
Methodologies for Re-Surveys
Actual Ground Survey-DGPS+ETS GCP+ Satellite Images Hybrid Survey Methodology using Aerial
Photography and Ground Truthing using DGPS/TS
Decision for Technology
Vegetative cover (dense, sparse) Built-up areas Size of survey area Accuracy Timeliness Cost
Land Record Updation using High Resolution Satellite Imagery and Ground Truth with DGPS.
CARTOSAT - 1CARTOSAT - 1PAN - 2.5M, 30 KM, PAN - 2.5M, 30 KM,
F/AF/A
RESOURCESAT-1RESOURCESAT-1LISS3 - 23 M; 4 XSLISS3 - 23 M; 4 XSLISS4 - 5.8 M; 3-LISS4 - 5.8 M; 3-
XSXSAWIFS - 70 M; 4-AWIFS - 70 M; 4-
XSXS
CARTOSAT-2CARTOSAT-2PAN - 1M PAN - 1M
MEGHA-MEGHA-TROPIQUES TROPIQUES
SAPHIR SAPHIR SCARAB & SCARAB &
MADRASMADRAS
20012001
20022002
20032003
20052005
IRS-1C/1D LISS-3 (23/70M,STEERABLE PAN (5.8 M);
WiFS (188M)
INSAT-2E CCD (1KM RESOLUTION; EVERY 30 MNUTESS)
INDIAN IMAGING SYSTEMSINDIAN IMAGING SYSTEMS
IMAGING IMPROVEMENTS 1KM TO 5.8 M RESOLUTION GLOBAL COVERAGE APPLICATION-SPECIFIC
19991999
IRS-P2
LISS-2
IRS-P3 (1996)WiFS MOS X-Ray,
IRS-P4 OCEANSAT OCM, MSMR
IRS-1A & 1B LISS-1&2 (72/36M,
4 BANDS; VIS & NIR)
BHASKARA
RS-D1
19791979
19821982
1988/911988/91
1994199419961996
1995/19971995/1997
19991999
Spatial Resolution of various Satellites
•EVERY 30 MIN. IMAGING
•1M+ SCALES
•CLIMATE/WEATHER•EVERY 2 DAYS IMAGING
•1:250K SCALES
•OCEAN APPLICATIONS•EVERY 5 DAYS IMAGING
•1:250K SCALES
•NATIONAL SURVEYS
INDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITY
•EVERY 22 DAYS IMAGING
•1:50K SCALES
•DETAILED RESOURCES SURVEY
•EVERY 5 DAYS IMAGING
•1:12500 SCALES
•LARGE SCALE MAPPING
•STEREO CAPABILITY
•LOCAL AREA IMAGING
•1:2000/4000/1:8000 SCALES
•STEREO CAPABILITY
…TOWARDS
IRS ID WiFSIRS ID WiFS Spatial Resolution: 188 mSpatial Resolution: 188 m
IRS P6 AWiFSIRS P6 AWiFSSpatial Resolution: 56 mSpatial Resolution: 56 m
IRS IC LISS III MSS ImageIRS IC LISS III MSS Image
Spatial Resolution: 23.5 mSpatial Resolution: 23.5 m
IRS IC LISS III PAN ImageIRS IC LISS III PAN Image
Spatial Resolution: 5.8 mSpatial Resolution: 5.8 m
IRS IC LISS III PAN + LISS –III Merged ImageIRS IC LISS III PAN + LISS –III Merged Image
Spatial Resolution: 5.8 mSpatial Resolution: 5.8 m
Quickbird (PAN sharpened Image)Quickbird (PAN sharpened Image) Spatial Resolution: 61 cmsSpatial Resolution: 61 cms
High Resolution Satellite Image
Vectorised Cadastral Maps
GCP Data DGPS Survey
GCP Collection
Mathematical Transformation Model
Validation of Model(RMS and Residual Error)
Geo-referencing of VillageCadastral Maps
Validation of Individual Village
Edge Matching With Neighboring Village
Village (Cadastral) Map Mosaic Generation at Taluk Level
Validation of Mosaic
Overlay of Village (Cadastral) Mosaic on High-Resolution
Satellite Image
Methodology of Land Record Modernization using High Resolution Satellite Data
Steps for GCPs Collection
Identification of the reference station in the centre of the study area
GPS data collection, using dual frequency geodetic GPS receivers.
Determining the reference station coordinates with reference to International Geodetic Survey (IGS) stations
Identification of GCP locations in the satellite image Collection of GPS data at GCP locations Determining the GCP coordinates, with reference to the
reference station, in DGPS mode Quality verification of GCP coordinates
Geometric Correction
Geometric Distribution:
The perspective of the sensor optics The motion of the scanning system The motion of the platform The platform altitude, attitude and velocity The terrain relief The curvature and rotation of the Earth
The intent of geometric correction is to compensate for the distortion introduced by theses so that rectified image will have the highest practical Geometric integrity.
Systematic or predictable distortions: Can be accounted for by accurate modeling of the sensor and platform motion and the geometric
relationship of the platform with the earth. It is usually the first step in geometric correction.
Unsystematic or random distortions: Geometric registration of the image to be knows ground coordinate system. In practice, image registration to Ground Control Points.
Procedure of Geometric Correction
Locate (register) GCPs
Resampling
Locate GCPs on Satellite Image
Collection of Ground Control Points
Resampling Method
The coordinates of each element in the undistorted output matrix are transformed to determine their corresponding location in the original input (distorted –image ) matrix.
Each cell in the output matrix will not directly overlay a pixel in the input matrix. Accordingly, the intensity value or digital number (DN) eventually assigned to a cell in the output matrix is determined on the original input matrix.
1. Nearest neighbor2. Bilinear3. Cubic
Land Record updation on satellite image
Sample Parcel Map
Attribute data attachment
Spatial data(ARC functions)
Attribute data(INFO or TABLES functions)
1 (Universe polygon)
2 3
4 5
3
COV# ZONE ZIP 1 0 2 C-19 22060 3 A-4 22061 4 C-22 22060 5 A-5 22057
3 A-4 22061
Output Layout
358
Lam
bert A
venu
e
Me
rcator Avenue
Cassini Drive
Cassini Drive
Imhof Drive
Eckert Drive
Miller
Driv
eB on n e S tree t
M o llw e id e S tre et
Grinte
n Stree
t
Go
ode
Stree t
B es se l S tre et
S tree t
R o bins on S tre et
Tisso t S tre et
G a ll S tre e t
Ptole
my S
treet
Orte
lius Stre
et
Clarke S
tree t
To b le r Stre etSnyder S
treet
Krasso
wsk ij S
tree
t
361
378
374
349350
358
377
362
Enum eration Area Map Sym bols
Nationa l S tatistica l O ffice - Ju ly 1998Census 2000
EA
Locality
D istrict EA-Code
Hospital
Church
School
Buildingnumber
Province:D istrict:Locality:EA-Code:
CartaniaChartesMaptown
14032
022100361
500 100
Approximate scale
200m
N
4 5
1
2
3
4 56
7
1 2 1 3
891 011
1 4
1 51 6
1 7
1 8
1 9
2 0
2 12 2
2 3
2 42 5 2 6
2 72 82 9
3 0
3 13 2
3 3
3 4
3 5 3 6
3 7
3 8
3 9
4 04 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 54 64 7
4 8 4 9 5 0 5 1 5 2
5 35 4
5 5
5 6
5 75 8
5 9
6 06 1
6 2
6 36 46 5
6 6
6 7
6 8
6 9
7 0
7 1
7 27 3
7 4 7 5
7 6
7 77 87 9
8 08 1 8 2
8 3
8 48 58 6
8 78 8
1 2 3 4
9 1 0
1 2
7
891 011
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
2 1
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5 2 6 2 7
3 2
3 33 4
1 9
2 0
2 1
2 22 3
2 82 9
3 0
3 13 2
3 3
4 1
4 2
4 3
5 0
5 1
5 25 4
5 8
5 9
2 7
2 8
3 1
3 7
3 8
4 2
4 3
4 44 5
5 1
4 34 0
4 14 2
6 15 7
5 85 96 0
6 5 6 2
6 36 4
1 9
2 02 1
2 2 3 1
3 2
3 33 4
3 5
4 14 24 34 4
1
2
34
5
6
1 0
11
1 2 1 3
1 8
1 9 2 02 1
2 72 8
2 9
1 7
1
2
3
4 5
6
7
12 13
891011
14
1516
17
18
19
20
2122
23
2425
26
272829
30
3132
33
34
3536
37
38
39
4041
42
43
44
454647
4849
5051 52
5354
55
56
5758
59
6061
62
636465
66
67
68
69
70
71
7273
74 75
76
777879
80
81 82
83
848586
8788
1 2 3 4
9 10
1 2
7
89
1011
12
13
14
15
16
21
22
23
24
25 26 27
32
3334
19
20
21
22
23
28
2930
3132
33
41
42
43
50
51
5254
58
59
27
28
31
37
38
42
43
4445
51
43
40
4142
6157
585960
65 62
63
64
19
2021
22 31
32
3334
35
41424344
1
2
34
5
6
10
11
12 13
18
1920
21
2728
29
358
Enumeration Area Map Symbols
National Statistical Office -July 1998
Census2000
EA
Locality
District EA-Code
Hospital
Church
School
Buildingnumber
Province:District:Locality:EA-Code:
CartaniaChartesMaptown
14032
022100361
Approximate scale
N
45
17
Street Network Parcels
Parcel Boundary Annotation and symbols
Parcel numbers Neatlines and legend
361
378
374
349350
358
377
362
Actual Ground Survey ( DGPS+ETS)
More Accurate May be Acceptable to the ultimate
stakeholder “the Owner”
Ground Control Points
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Auxiliary Control points
Densification and observation time is different All the secondary and tertiary control points
should be connected to the primary control points of the SoI, to ensure connection to the National Framework
SOI May be asked to give the list of location of its GCPs to all states in advance, before starting re-surveys
Survey by ETS
Standardization of Codes Digital topographic database (DTDB) and
final plotting Preparation and distribution of draft land
parcel maps (LPMs) and linking attributes Recording objections
Recording objections A register shall be maintained to record and
track the objections raised by the owner(s)/enjoyer(s). The objections should also be flagged in the DTDB for better control and monitoring.
Objections redressal/adjudication Promulgation of survey
Validation of Land Parcel by the Stakeholder Acceptability Land sold in parts, mutation not reflected on
the ground, if re-demarcation also required under the project.
It will required mapping again. It is proposed to undertake bio-metric surveys
at the time of validation process.
Suggestions…..
Bio metric survey of not only the “owner” but also of the dependents at the time of validation.
This will help again in future …. In legal matters… in accordance with the curtain principles envisaged in conclusive titling.
It is suggested that along with the bio-metrics, the attributes may also be collected, this will substantially help in Unique Identification Number Project also.
It is better to prepare Land Information database of all the states in coherence with the UIN Project.
Thanks