Report of the Joint Inspection Team on their inspection visit to (Jalandhar, Ludhiana, ) Districts of Punjab during January, 2014 (11 th Jan.–16 th Jan., 2014). National Horticulture Mission Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi
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Report of the Joint Inspection Team on their inspection visit to (Jalandhar, Ludhiana, )
Districts of Punjab during January, 2014 (11th Jan.–16th Jan., 2014).
National Horticulture Mission
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi
Report of the Joint Inspection Team to review the progress of NHM,NMMI and
VIUC and RKVY on their inspection visit to Punjab (Ludhiana,Jalandhar and
Hoshiarpur ) Districts of Punjab during January, 2014 (11th Jan.–16th Jan., 2014).
The Joint Inspection Team (JIT) comprising Dr. R.C. Upadhyaya, Chief Consultant,
National Horticulture Mission, Shri R. P. Singh, AD (MI) National Horticulture Mission
visited Punjab during 11-16th January, 2014 to review the progress under National
Horticulture Mission and other programmes in the State. Dr.Rakesh Sharda, Inscharge
PFDC, Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, PAU, Ludhiana joined
the Team. Dr. L. S. Brar, Director Horticulture & Dr. Gurkanwal Singh, Joint Director and
Mission Di rector, Punjab coordinated the visit of the Team.
Components of NHM, RKVY, NMMI, and other programmes:
Crop specific cluster at district level.
nurseries.
Micro irrigation scheme and use of plastic in mulching, irrigation and precision
farming.
field Level.
National Mission on Micro Irrigation (NMMI).
National vegetable Initiative (NVI).
Rastriya Krishi Vikash Yojana (RKVY).
Financial Progress An allocation of Rs. 75.00 crore has been approved including GOI share of 63.75
crore for Annual Action Plan 2013-14. More than 90% funds are utilized.
Year wise details of Outlay, Funds Released and Expenditure under NHM in
Punjab.
Year Outlay(GOI Share) Released Expenditure
2005-06 60.74 28.69 6.97
2006-07 59.74 11.50 17.75
2007-08 68.54 24.10 17.14
2008-09 78.02 14.12 25.48
2009-10 38.54 25.78 36.09
2010-11 42.50 35.00 37.03
2011-12 46.75 47.02 39.57
2012-13 62.90 57.90 65.88
2013-14 63.75 30.00 24.80
Physical Progress till 2012-13:
An additional area of 0.38 ha of identified horticulture crops are covered.
Four nurseries have been established for production of quality planting materials.
An area of 10270 ha. has been covered under rejuvenation of old and senile
orchards.
Organic farming has been adopted in an area of 6300 ha for promotion of
organic cultivation of horticultural crops.
IPM practices have been adopted in an area of 2000 ha.
22 IPM/INM infrastructure facilities such as Leaf tissue analysis labs, disease
forecasting units have been created.
424 community water structures have been created.
Under the component of Post Harvests Management, 366 units including pack
houses, cold storage units, refrigerated vans, primary/ mobile processing units,
ripening chambers, pre cooling units attach to cold storages and mobile pre
cooling units) have been established.
49 market infrastructures have been set up.
Observations:
Nursery established by private sector at District Hoshiarpur for providing disease
free planting material of Kinnow have serious problem of Thrips and Mites in open
conditions and in shade nets. Therefore, Private nurseries should be regularly
visited to suggest proper control measures and assured plants are free from such
pests being carrier of virus. Farmers should also follow the spray schedule as per
scientific recommendations. The entire established nurseries should mandatory
be accredited by National Horticulture Board.
Farmers should be provided quality seeds/seedlings of recommended varieties of
vegetable crops from reliable seed companies/source .Deputy Director
Horticulture of respective district should have MOU with such companies to supply
quality seeds especially of F1vegetable seeds.
Jagtar Singh integrated mushroom production unit a private entrepreneur at
Samrala, Ludhiana supported from NHM needs trained manpower to make spawn
making laboratory operational.
Recommendation for suitable Intercrops for Kinnow orchards from PAU,Ludhiana
may be adopted with more emphasis on leguminous crops of vegetables / pulses
/oil crops .
JIT observed that Pack house developed/available to beneficiaries are not
properly designed. It is desirable to provide design appropriate to local needs to
be standardized by SHM and provide structural design to districts level Officers.
Kinnow cluster needs more assistance for purchase of power sprayer from
mechanization component of NHM.
JIT observed that heavy load of pesticides are being used in Kinnow and also for
vegetable crops. Therefore, IPM/IMP schedule recommended by PAU, Ludhiana
needs to be adopted to reduce pesticide load.
Plant protection and fertigation schedule for protected cultivation of vegetables
and floricultural crops developed by PFDC should be adopted and farmers should
be trained accordingly.
Framers used flood irrigation where micro sprinkler irrigation facilities are provided
in the fields of seed production of potato and production of vegetables. This
practice should be discouraged. Priority should be given for drip irrigation along
with plastic mulching as per recommendation of PFDC.
FIG should also be supported to have a cool chamber at collection centres to
regulate the supply of vegetables to the nearby towns.
Aggregators for NVUI scheme are not yet finalized. Efforts should made to select
aggregators for fresh vegetables supply chain.
Potential of Horticulture in Punjab:
Horticultural crops are being grown in the State in about 2.77 lakh hectares area with an annual production of 51.74 lakh tonnes. The horticulture sector is contributing significantly to GDP in agriculture of the State. Commodity-wise details are given below.
The Punjab State leads in citrus production among the fruit crops with the largest production of Kinnow. This crop occupies an area of 38837 ha contributing 64.20% of the total fruit production of Punjab. Likewise Potato is the major leading vegetable crop of Punjab having an area of 84110 ha with 60.11 % the vegetable production. Apart from Kinnow, other fruit crops like Guava, Peach and Pear has significant area in the state.
Selection of Crops for Intervention under NHM and Rationale: The focus crops were selected under NHM on the basis of following parameters: 1. Market linkages (existing and potential) 2. Production advantage - potential in the domestic market
3. Export potential
Sr. No.
Focus Crops
Market linkage Domestic Market Potential
Export Pot
enti
al
AEZ Export
Mandis
Proces- sing units
Cold Storage / Ref. Van
1 Kinnow - - - High High
\2 Guava
-
-
-
High
-
3 Pear
-
-
-
medim -
4 Peach
- - - High -
5 Patato
- High High
6 Flower (Fresh)
- - High High
7 Flower (Seeds)
- - - - -- High
Existing Planting Material Production Units (nurseries) in the State:
Disease free planting material is pre-requisite for establishment of healthy orchard
resulting in quality production. There are about 85 Government as well as private
registered nurseries in the state from where good quality disease free planting material
is supplied to the growers. Apart from this T.C. units are also proving helpful in meeting
the arising demand of planting material especially tissue cultured plants of Banana.
Nursery Act & Certification of Planting Material:
The Nursery Act of the State was old & needed amendments. The required amendment
has been incorporated in the act. This act is submitted to the State government for
approval. After renewal of the nursery act, the nursery owners could be punished with
fine or imprisonment if he sells the inferior planting material. Certification of planting
material has been made mandatory prior to sale of fruit plants. While procuring the
planting material from private nurseries as well as Govt. nurseries, due procedure is
adopted for certifying the material by a Technical Committee consists of SAU’s
representative.
The Directorate of Horticulture has already issued instructions to Private
Nurseries/District horticulture heads to get the nurseries accredited from NHB prior to
the sale of fruit plants otherwise they will not be eligible for the sale of planting material.
Certification of Planting Material:
There are about 85 Government as well as private registered nurseries in the State from
where good quality disease free planting material is supplied to the growers and out of
these 30 nurseries are accredited with National Horticulture Board.
Nursery Act & Certification of Planting Material:
This act is submitted to the State Government for approval after necessary
amendments. Certification of planting material has been made mandatory prior to sale
of fruit plants. Due procedure is adopted for certifying the material by a Technical
Committee consisting the representative of SAU before the onset of plantation season.
Existing Infrastructure for Post Harvest Management & Marketing in the State Pack Houses: Under NHM 194 Pack Houses have been set up in the State for fruits and vegetables.
These Pack Houses will reduce the post harvest losses to some extent. Pack house is
the basic need of horticultural sector for collection grading & sorting of the produce.
There is big potential of the activity in the state.
Cold Storages:
The total capacity of cold storage facilities was about 1393000 MT before launching the
NHM scheme i.e. before 2005-06. Over 80% of this capacity is utilized by potatoes
alone. Thus, at present, total 465 cold storages
Sr. No Number of Cold Store Before NHM
Capacity (M.T)
Number of Cold Store After NHM
Capacity (M.T)
1. 425 1393000 465 1536992
Are available in the State. Few more projects have also been submitted to Govt. of India for sanction Markets/Mandis There are 110 Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) markets/mandies in
the State. The current processing is less than 2% of the total horticulture production.
There is potential for increase in the number of processing units especially for Kinnow,
Potato, Turmeric, Aonla, Garlic and Coriander with linkage to the proposed Food Parks
S. No. Name of Processor District Product
1. Punjab Agro Juices Limited Village Alamgarh
Ferozepur Kinnow Juice Concentrate, other fruits and vegetable Juice Concentrate.
2. Punjab Agro Juices Limited Unna Road
Hoshiarpur -Do-
3. Farmer Agriculture produce organization, Kangmai
Hoshiarpur Turmeric processing.
4. Iqbal Randhawa processing unit, Phuglana
Hoshiapur Kinnow
5. Kinnow Waxing and Grading Center, Badal.
Shri Mukatsar Sahib
-Do-
6. Kinnow Waxing and Grading Center, Badal.
Shri Mukatsar Sahib
-Do-
7. Kinnow Waxing and Grading Center, Talhiwala Jattan, Teh. Fazilka
Ferozepur -Do-
8. Kinnow Waxing and Grading Center, Kangmai
Hoshiarpur -Do-
9. Kinnow Waxing and Grading Center, Chhauni Kalan,
Hoshiarpur -Do-
Status of National Horticulture Mission in Punjab The Centrally Sponsored Scheme of National Horticulture Mission (NHM) is being
implemented in 16 districts on a Mission mode approach to address all the issues
related to holistic development of Horticulture in the State since 2005-06.
The programme in the State of Punjab is being implemented by the State Horticulture
Development Society through District Mission Committees involving farmers, Societies,
NGOs, Grower Associations, SHGs, State institutions etc. The programme is being
implemented in 16 districts. The district covered under the programme includes
The focus crops identified under the programme includes Citrus, Guava, Ber, Pear,
Grapes, Litchi, Flowers, Spices and Aromatic plants.
Major activities being undertaken in the programme are production and distribution of
planting material, vegetable seed production, area expansion, rejuvenation of old and
senile orchards, creation of community water resources, protected cultivation, IPM/INM,
organic farming, development of post harvest management & marketing infrastructure
and human resource development.
Physical Progress Salient progress till 2012-13 is as follows:-
An additional area of 0.38 ha of identified horticulture crops are covered.
4 nurseries have been established for production of quality planting materials
An area of 10270 ha. has been covered under rejuvenation of old and senile
orchards.
Organic farming has been adopted in an area of 6300 ha for promotion of organic
cultivation of horticultural crops.
IPM practices have been adopted in an area of 2000 ha.
22 IPM/INM infrastructure facilities such as Leaf tissue analysis labs, disease
forecasting units have been created.
424 community water structures have been created.
Under the component of Post Harvests Management, 366 units including pack
houses, cold storage units, refrigerated vans, primary/ mobile processing units,
ripening chambers, pre cooling units attach to cold storages and mobile pre
cooling units) have been established.
49 market infrastructures have been set up.
Highlights of States
Punjab produces about 5.17 m. MT of horticultural produce from an area of 0.28 m. ha. accounting for 2 % of horticulture produce in the country. Major share of production is from vegetables (71%) and fruits (27.4%)
7.79 lakh MT of fruits have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 25.36/ Kg.
18.14 lakh MT of vegetables have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 10.67/ Kg
Fruits
Citrus
Punjab is ranked at third place in production of citrus in the country and accounts for 11.9% of total production of the country.
The production of citrus forms 66.40% of total fruit production of the State. State produces 0.94 m. MT of citrus in the State in an area of 0.05 m. ha. The productivity of the crop is 20.4 MT/ha, which is second highest after Karnataka.
Punjab is leading producer of mandarin orange and accounts for 29% of the production of orange mandarin production in the country, with productivity of 21.4 MT/ha. which is highest in the country.
Production of orange mandarin is concentrated in the belts of Firozepur, Hoshiarpur, Bathinda and Shri Mukatsar Sahib.
Recommended varieties of orange mandarin in the State are Nagpur mandarin and kinnow.
State also contributes about 1.9% of total mosambi production in the country with productivity of 8.00 MT/ha, which is the third highest after Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Major mosambi producing belts in the State are Fazilika (Abohar), Ferozepur, Faridkot and Hoshiarpur.
The main fruit of citrus group grown in the Punjab is Kinnow.
1.26 lakh MT of citrus have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 28.80/ Kg.
Guava
Punjab accounts for 6.9% of total production of guava and the sixth most guavas producing State in the country.
State produces about 0.17 m MT of guava from an area of 0.008 m ha having productivity of 22.00 MT/ha which is the highest in the country.
Production of guava is concentrated in the belts of Patiala, Ludhiana, Sangrur, SAS Nagar, Jalandhar, Sri Mukatsar Sahib, Firozepur, Fazilika, Bhathinda, Ropar and Hoshiarpur.
Recommended varieties of guava in the state are sardar (L-49), Allahabad Safeda, Lalit, Shweta, Hissar Safeda and Hissar Surekha.
4127 MT of guava have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 9.59/ Kg.
Litchi
Punjab is ranked fifth in litchi producing state and is contributing about 4.6% to total litchi production in the country.
The production of litchi is about 0.04 MT from an area of 0.002 m. ha. having productivity of 14.4 MT/ha. which is highest among the litchi producing states in the country.
Major litchi producing belts in the State are Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur and Ropar.
Recommended varieties of litchi in the State are Rose Scented, Dehradun and Calcutta.
Vegetables Cauliflower
State produces about 2.26% of the total production of cauliflower in the country and 4.3% of total vegetable production in the State.
The productivity is 17.87 MT/ha in the State.
The production of cauliflower is concentrated in Gurdaspur, Fatehgarh Sahib and Hoshiarpur.
Varieties of cauliflower recommended for the state are Pusa Deepti, Improved Japnese, Pusa Shjubra, Pusa Early Synthetic, Pusa Paushja, Pusa Snowball K-1, Snowball-KT-25, Pusa Himjyoti, Pusa Hybrid-2, Pusa Kartik Sankar, Kashi Kunwari, Hissar-1, Pant Shubra and Pant Gobhi-3.
1.30 lakh MT of cauliflower have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 11.05/ Kg.
Peas
Punjab is the fifth largest producer of peas and accounts for 5.4% of total production of peas in the country.
State produces about 0.20 m MT of peas from an area of 0.02 m ha having productivity of 10.2 MT/ha.
The major peas growing belts in the State are Jalandhar, Patiala, Amritsar, SBS Nagar and Hoshiarpur.
Recommended varieties of peas in the State are Bonneville, Arkel, Pusa Pragati, Arka Ajit, Kashi Nandini, Pant Matar-2,3,4,5, Azad-P-2,4 and 5.
Potato
Punjab is the fifth largest producer of potato in the country and accounts for 5 %
of total production of potato in the country. The production of potato is 57% of
total vegetable production in the State.
The production of the potato in the State is 2.10 m. MT grown in an area of 0.08
m. ha. The productivity of the crop is 25.0 t/ha.
The production of potato is concentrated in the belts of Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur,
Ludhiana and Kapurthala.
Recommended varieties of potato in the State are Kufri, Sindhuri, Kufri
Capsicum in farmers field in poly house gerbera cultivation under poly house
cold storage for seed potato with grader Potato grader supported from RKVY
Cold Storage for Potato Tomato production in open field
Sprinklers in potato field Pack house in farmer’s field
Potato crop with drip irrigation Potato grader supported from NHM
Hoshiarpur District
Hoshiarpur district is located in the north-east part of the State. It falls in the Jalandhar
Revenue Division and is situated in the Bist Doab, Doaba region of the State. The
district is submountainous and stretches of river Beas in the north-west. It lies between
north latitude 30 0-9 and 32 0-05 and east longitude 750-32 and 760 -12’. It shares
common boundaries with Kangra and Una districts of Himachal Pardesh in the north
east, Jalandhar and Kapurthala districts (interspersed) in south-west and Gurdaspur
district in the north-west. At present, it has an area of 3i98.2 Sq. Kms. and a
population,as per 2011 is 15.79 Lac.
Climate and Soil:
The district has mild climate compared to other districts of the State. This is due to the
abundance of hilly terrain on the one hand and sizeable forest covers thereon, on the
other. Moreover, chains of check dams constructed recently on the choes under “Kandi
Watershed Development Project” have appreciably enhanced water surface area in the
district..The total average rain falls in district is 1125 mm .Broadly speaking 75 percent
of the rainfall is experienced in the period July to September, Whereas 15 Percent
rainfall is experienced in the winter months of January and February are under the
influence of western disturbances in the Persian Gulf.
The soils of the district in general, are slightly acidic to slightly alkaline in reaction. The
pH varies from 6.9 to 8.4 both at the surface and in the control section. The electrical
conductivity is 0.04 to 1.10 dSm-1 and thus these soils are suitable for growing all types
of crops depending upon the soil texture. The organic carbon of the soils ranges from
low to high both at surface and subsoil i.e. 0.01 to 0.68 percent. The low values at the
surface are for coarse textured soils an high for the medium and fine textured soils. The
calcium carbonate is variable depending upon the soils and its depth. It is usually
absent or in traces in sandy soils and in other soils it may vary from traces to about 4
percent. The surface soils, in general, are low in available nitrogen, medium to high in
available phosphorus and low to medium in available potassium. Some of the soils
have very high available phosphorus owing to regular application of phosphatic
fertilizers and immobile nature of phosphorus irons in soils. However, data on the area
under various soil type in the district is not available.
Horticulture:
Major fruits grown in the district are Kinnow, Mango, Peach,litchi, pear, Guava etc. and
among the vegetables Potato has the major share followed by Peas, cauliflower,
tomato, cabbage, brinjal etc. Under floriculture marigold annual chrysanthemum and
goadieli are grown.
Land utilization pattern: Geographical area 339267 ha.
Net area sown 205000 ha.
Area under fruit plantation 7300 ha.
Fellow land 1000 ha.
Land not available for cultivation 133267 ha.
Item Area in (000) Hects.
1. Total geographical area 339
2. Forests 109
3. Barren land 1
4. Land use other than cultivation 24
5. Permanent pastures 1
6. Present waste land 1
7. Area under cultivation 203
8. Irrigated area 161700 ha (81%)
9. Un irrigated area 49
10. Area sown more than once 145
11. Gross cropped area 348
12.Cropping intensity 13 No. of Blocks 14 Net sown area 15 Cropping Intensity
171% 10 199000ha. 222.6%
Agriculture Problems of District;
• Poor retention of water & nutrients in coarse textured soil
• Severe soil erosion due to undulated topography
• Low inherent nutrient status in surface/sub-surface soils
• Deep underground water table
• Wild animals cause considerable damage in kandi area
• Lack of irrigation facilities in sub-montaineous area
• Small land holdings - 47% farmers are small & marginal (<2 ha), Only 3% farmers are
large (> 10 ha).
Potentials of the District:
Suitable for fruit cultivation kinnow , guava, litchi, mango, peach amla, galgal, ber (rainfed) Early cultivation of vegetables Cultivation of forest trees (Poplar, Euclyptus) & medicinal plants (khair etc.) Ample scope for bee-keeping
MAJOR CROPPING PATTERNS
Centre of Excellence For Fruits (Citrus) at Khancura (Hoshiarpur)
Objectives of the project
Production of Vigorous, pest and disease free citrus plants under insect net
house.
To enhance productivity and quality production.
To increase profitability per unit area.
To generate more employment.
To supply Quality raw material to processing industry for value addition.
To increase Contribution to GDP.
Activities
Production of pest and disease free citrus plants in Hi-Tech nursery.
Quality production at high density plantation and normal spacing on ridges and
flat.
Demonstration of different citrus cultivars different rootsocks.
Demonstration of Automatic micro irrigation system for nursery and field
segment.
Demonstration of Kinnow with different doses of fertilizers through fertigation.
Demonstration of weed management techniques.
Demonstration on use of plasticulture.
Demonstration of new farm Machinery
Demonstration of Post harvest Management Techniques.