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Nanotechnology in the
Military
National Defense
Homeland Security
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From the east coast to the
west coast, from the north
to the south, from the
army to the navy, from the
air force to the marines.
How can small science help us protect
such a big country?
http://www.army.com/wallpaper/wallpaper.html
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.org/images/AS_funerals/pages/image49_Navy.html
http://www.usmilitary.com/266/battery-company-receives-order-from-us-air-force/
http://www.onemarinesview.com/one_marines_view/images/marine_birthday_2.jpg
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How Big Is Nano?
http://www.terressentials.com/exposure.html
This is one
nanometer!
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Nanotechnology in National
Defense
• Clothing with greater tolerance for temperature changes
• Increase surveillance for better protection
• Smaller cameras
• Cheap, small, and more effective weapons
• Exploration of the oceans
• Augmenting human performance
• Scratch resistant surfaces
• Stronger, thinner and cheaper glass
• Change shape of objects, i.e. armor-like fabric
• Coatings that don't degrade (doesn't need repainting)
• "Invisibility"
• Faster intensive medical help
• Lighter, faster aircraft which use less fuel
• Submarines and planes that can go undetected by radar
What can nanotechnology do for the military? Nanotechnology research in the following areas can help the military:
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“Poof”
Where‟d They Go?
How could you become
invisible? Here are a couple of
nano-ways:
Scientists are manipulating light
so soldiers seem to disappear.
http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_30/b3843083.htm?chan=search
http://beverlytang.com/archives/imaging/chameleon_clothing.html
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=6080.php
Scientists are also working on
"electrochromic camouflage" –
fabric which changes colors
instantly to blend in with the
surroundings.
See how it is done.
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Armor As Strong as a
…
Snail?Sea snails and abalone
are guiding scientists in their
search for strong and
lightweight armor. Sea Shells
and Abalone
Others, besides the military, will
benefit from these new
nanoscience developments:
firefighters, police officers, and
other emergency responders.
Abalone shells are
strong and lightweight.
They can repair
themselves, too.
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NANO-ARMOR
Possible applications for this new nano material are
ballistic protection personal body armor, bullet proof
vests, vehicle armor, shields, helmets, and protective
enclosures.
This onion-like
layering is why this
new material is so
strong and durable.
http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Defence%202005/Defence%202005-0018.htm
Another method for creating super strong materials uses tungsten, not carbon, for the basic material.
It is five times stronger than steel and at least twice as strong as any impact-resistant material currently in use as protective gear. It has withstood the equivalent of dropping four diesel locomotives onto an area the size of a fingernail.
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More Body Armor
Concerns about biochemical-warfare have resulted in exploration into nano-size umbrellas that open to seal the cloth's pores, making it impervious to airborne chemicals and pathogens. That would be much easier and lighter than the current equipment required.
http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1574R-015383
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7038686.stm
Another new nano-armor is called "smart"
body armor. It weaves thin pads or cloth from
fibers that can sense the impact of a bullet or
shrapnel and automatically stiffen. This
material would be even more resistant to
penetration and less cumbersome than the
ceramic-plate armor troops wear now.
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Nano-Medic
If a soldier is injured in the arm or leg, thanks to nano-fibers in the uniform, the fabric would constrict into a tourniquet. This will be a real life-saver, because half of all battlefield deaths are due to massive blood loss before wounded soldiers can be treated.
http://z.about.com/d/firstaid/1/5/7/3/-/-/Bleeding016_400x384.jpg
In addition, sensors would provide the soldier's vital signs and location to medics via radio. Until the new nano-sensored garment is ready, soldiers will wear an adhesive chest patch fitted with sensors and a tiny radio.
http://medgadget.com/archives/2005/03/army_develops_i.html
http://www.defendamerica.mil/articles/jul2005/a071805ms2.ht
ml
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Artificial Muscles
http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-new-nanofrontier&page=2
http://www.scienceahead.com/entry/top-21-wearable-technologies/
http://jpl.nasa.gov/news/features-print.cfm?feature=492
Artificial muscles that could
enable soldiers to leap tall walls, if not
buildings, are in the works, too. One type
uses nanotechnology and electricity.
It flexes when jolted by electricity,
then relaxes when the electricity is
turned off. So far, though, its
reactions are much too slow.
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WarshipsThe U.S. Navy is getting a next-generation all-
electric warship thanks to nanotechnology. This
new technology will control the ship and lead to
major improvements in effectiveness, survivability
and cost savings. The space needed for energy
production on warships will be reduced
significantly.
http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Defence/Defence%202004-0022.htm
http://gizmodo.com/337377/navy-developing-all+electric-warship
http://www.shipz.com/Battleship-Pearl_warship_in_port.jpg
This will free onboard
space so that it can be
used for other functions.
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New Nano-Spies
http://uk.gizmodo.com/2006/07/21/nano_spy_plane_gets_green_ligh.html
http://hsdailywire.com/single.php?id=6234
Nanoscience in Homeland
Security
Big fighter jets are „so yesterday‟. The next
generation of fighter jets are nano-sized
jets, the size of a seed, that can pretty
much go anywhere.
Scientists are working on this revolutionary, remote-controlled nano air vehicle. They will be able to collect military intelligence both indoors and outdoors. One weighs no more than 10 grams and can carry a payload of up to 2 grams. The will help protect the lives and enhance the operational effectiveness of soldiers and first responders.
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Anti-Toxin
Toxin Guard is a product that uses nanotechnology on packaging films to detect micro-organisms like pathogens, which can cause illness or disease.
http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Defence/Defence%202004-0002.htm
http://pulse.pharmacy.arizona.edu/10th_grade/disease_epidemics/science/pathogen.html
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Nano-„Fingerprints‟
This nanotechnology has the ability to verify passports, ID cards and other documents such as birth certificates with just a scan. It can even be used on product packaging. The accuracy of measurement is greater than tests for DNA, a reliability of at least one million trillion.
http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Defence%202005/Defence%202005-0011.htm
http://www.ingeniatechnology.com/how_it_works.php
Next time you have a chance to see paper at the nanoscale, you‟ll see that it has a „fingerprint‟.
Using nanotechnology scientists can recognize
the inherent patterns within all materials such as
paper, plastic, metal and ceramics. Each
'fingerprint' is impossible to duplicate and can be easily
read using a low-cost portable laser scanner.
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Planning Your
Presentation
http://media.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/photo/2007/02/15/PH2007021502068.jpg
http://www.presentationalspeaking.com/images/pic_2.jpg
To prepare for your
presentation, answer
these questions using
reference materials
which can include the
websites linked to this
webquest:
1. What can be done to
maximize the chances that
humans will benefit from,
rather than be harmed by
these new developments?
2. If we can develop these
technologies, should we?
Why?
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Social, Environmental and
Ethical Concerns
1. Might these nanotechnology developments in
the military infringe on human rights?
2. Could any of them decrease privacy of
individuals?
3. Could the use of nanotechnology for the military
have unwanted and negative environmental
effects?
4. What economic impact could the use of
nanotechnology in the military have on
producers, consumers, and other industries?
Might they be negative or positive?
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What About Your Rights?
If so, are these developments
more important than
•Your privacy?
•Your rights as a citizen?
•Your rights as a human being?
Are the answers somewhere in between?
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Military Websites These are websites which are a good place to start in looking for
more information on nanotechnology in the military. Then use the general website page linked at the bottom of this page. It is full of nanotechnology sites related to multiple areas including yours. After exhausting these resources you may also wish to use your search engine and appropriate key words and phrases to find more information.
• http://www.discovernano.northwestern.edu/affect/applications_content/security
• http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Defence%202005/Main%20Defence%202005%20.htm
• http://web.mit.edu/isn/
• http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_30/b3843083.htm?chan=search
• smart materials: http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jan2003/2003017_9999.htm?chan=search
• What are the military's research priorities? http://www.acq.osd.mil/ddre/research/research.html
General websites link
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More Help
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