NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE DIAGNOSTIC, IMAGING & THERAPY
NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN
MEDICINE
DIAGNOSTIC, IMAGING &
THERAPY
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IS IT A DREAM…
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… OR A REALITY?
« … Human health has always been
determined on the nanometer scale; this is
where the structure and properties of the
machines of life work in every one of the
cells in every living thing. The practical
impact of nanosciences on human health
will be huge ».
RICHARD E. SMALLEY, PHD, 1996 NOBEL LAUREATE
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• A nanometre is a unit of length in
the metric system, equal to one
billionth of a meter (i.e., 10-9 m or
one millionth of a millimetre)
A nanometre is approx 1/100 000th
of a human hair
DEFINITION
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Source: Wikipedia
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THE IDEAL SCALE
FOR HEALTHCARE
6Protein Nanocarrier Red blood cell
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• There is no nanomedicine;
There is nano in medicine
• Nanotech is an enabling technology
with many medical application areas in
oncology
Diagnostic,
Therapy,
Monitoring,
WHAT IS NANOMEDICINE?
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FROM NANO TO MICRO
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• A high ratio of surface area to volume
• Tunable optical, electronic, magnetic,
and biologic properties
• Can be engineered to have
different sizes, shapes, chemical
compositions, surface chemical
characteristics, and hollow or solid
structures.
NANOMATERIALS HAVE…
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=
3 mL
190 m²
SURFACE/VOLUME RATIO
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Regenerative
Medicine
Biomaterials
Functionalisa
tion
Regenerative
Medicine
Biomaterials
Functionalisa
tion
MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Diagnostics
In vitro
Diagnostics
In vitro
Medical
Imaging
In vivo
Medical
Imaging
In vivo
Drug
Delivery
Systems
Devices
Drug
Delivery
Systems
Devices
VaccinesVaccines
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• Lab-on-chip
• DNA chip
• Cell-on-chip
• Less invasive
• Using less sample
• Faster reactions
IN VITRO DIAGNOSTICS
DNA chip array
PCR on chipMicrofluidic chip
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• On line monitoring of circulating moleculesat low concentration
• Bio friendly, biocompatible instruments
• Biological barriers crossing capacity
• Image guided therapy
DEVICES FOR DIAGNOSTICS
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• Clinical need
Early detection of cancer before visible onset
Use of targeted contrast agents Multi-modality imaging agents Need for (specific and validated)
biomarkers
• Input from nanotech
Improving the existing and/or discovering new quantitative imaging systems
Developing new contrast agents for enhancing contrast Developing targeted nanocarriers
IMAGING
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MULTIMODAL IMAGING
Fluorescence
MRIOptoacoustic
Ultra Sound PET
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• Reducing dose
• Multi-modality contrast agents
• New carriers magnetic nanoparticles, empty viruses
or magnetic bacteria
• New types of NP: crystalline NP For therapy or diagnostic Externally triggered by MRI, Laser,
Radiotherapy, CT Scan, Ultrasound, HF, etc.
TRENDS IN (NANO) CONTRAST AGENTS
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• Surgery
Image guided surgery
• Radio therapy
Radio-enhancers Targeted radiotherapy
• Chemotherapy
Targeted delivery
• Gene therapy
Targeted delivery
THERAPIES
Courtesy: Fluoptics
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MODE OF ACTION
Source: Wikipedia
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DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Liposome
Nanosphere
Lipidots® Micelles
Accurins®
Dendrimer Fullerene PLGA
Nanocrystal
| 20Nom événement | Nom Prénom
PASSIVE TARGETING
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• Targeting ligands that bind particular
cellular receptors
Antibodies
Aptamers
Peptides
Oligosaccharides
…
• Active targeting can induce the cell
absorption
• Active targeting can be combined with
passive targeting to prevent off-target
Nom événement | Nom Prénom
ACTIVE TARGETING
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• Thermotherapy
Nanoshells• absorb light of different frequencies,
• generating heat (hyperthermia)
Magnetic nanoparticles • visible through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• can also destroy cells by hyperthermia
• Radiotherapy
Radiosensitisers
Radioenhancers
• Photo Dynamic Therapy
Photosensitiers
DESTRUCTION FROM WITHIN
Auroshell particle
NBTXR3
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• Wearable
SENSORS
Cochlear implant
Artificial retina
Sm
art
Aid
© B
att
elle
Mem
oria
l In
stitu
te 2
009
• Implants
Stent
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• Biomaterials
Bioactive signaling molecules
REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
biodegradable scaffolds
• (Stem) cells
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APPROVED NANOTHERAPEUTICS (SOURCE: US-FDA)
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NANOMEDICINAL PRODUCTS
18 Oct 2016
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CLINICAL TRIALS WITH NANOMEDICAL
DEVICES (TOTAL 115)
18 Oct 2016
Dentistry 34Oncology 24IVDs 20Wound Care 13Cardiology 6Orthopaedics 5
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EU PATENT APPLICATIONS NANOMEDICAL
DEVICES (TOTAL 150)
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• Estimated 50.1 - 68 Billions (2011)
• Forecasted to 97-129 Billions in 2016 (2012)
• Annual growth rate : +14% from 2011 to 2016
• 38 nanotherapeutics and 46 nano-medical devices have a market
authorization
NANOMED MARKET FIGURES
(WORLD, US$)
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Bionest Partners 2013
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• Excellent scientists and
entrepreneurs
1500+ academic partners
500+ SMEs
• EC support for research
530 M€ invested under FP7
>130 research projects
EUROPE IS GOOD IN NANOMEDICINE
32
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WHAT IS WRONG IN TRANSLATION?
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GATES IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS
Proof of concept
Characterisation
Scale up
Clinical trials
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THE NANOMEDICINE TRANSLATION HUB
EUNCL
Pilot lines
TABIndustryInventors
Startups
SMEs
Academics
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NANOMEDICINE CHARACTERISATION LAB
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EUROPEAN NANOMEDICINE
CHARACTERIZATION LABORATORY
| 38NextGen Nanomed
PARTNERS
WHO WE ARE
(CORE
PARTNERS)
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ASSAYS CASCADE
WHAT DOES
EU-NCL
OFFER?
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DIAGNOSTIC AND PREVENTIVE TREATMENTSymptoms
time
Clinical Symptoms
Treatment Follow-upDiagnosisScreening
Current,
Symptomatic Medicine
Preventive Medicine
Early
Diagnosis
Preventive
Treatment
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• Nanomedicine is part of medical technologies
• Nanomedicine is an emerging market
• The non technical aspects are as important as the technology itself
Ethical Social acceptance Regulation Standards
CONCLUSIONS
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NANOMEDICINE CLUSTER
Anne-Claude COUFFIN
Isabelle TEXIER
Antoine HOANG
Emilie HEINRICH
Marie ESCUDE
Fabrice NAVARRO
Frédérique MITTLER
Allan HIBBITS
Aurélie JACQUART
Ismail CHEIBANI
Juliette MÉRIAN
Jonathan
Thank you for your attention