Nanomaterials: Why Size Matters. Current & Potential Impact of Nanotechnology “Nano is Everywhere” April 17, 2010 INNOVATION Teaching Nanotechnology within Virginia SOLs Center for Diversity in Engineering, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD Managing Director, nanoSTAR Institute, UVa President, AdviSci
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Nanomaterials: Why Size Matters.Current & Potential Impact of Nanotechnology
“Nano is Everywhere”
April 17, 2010INNOVATION
Teaching Nanotechnology within Virginia SOLsCenter for Diversity in Engineering, University of Virginia
Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhDManaging Director, nanoSTAR Institute, UVa
President, AdviSci
Materials in General
Lets start with bulk materials….What are typical material classifications?What are the basic properties?(mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc.)
Tm - Melting Temperaturephase transformation from solid (tightly bound) to liquid (loosely bound)
E - Stiffnessresistance to elastic deformation (non- permanent)
α - Thermal Expansion Coefficientfractional change in length with one degree change in T
Why?
Let’s compare the following properties for metals, ceramics, and polymers.
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
What’s the BIG deal about something so SMALL?Materials behave differently at this size scale. Unique and interesting properties…
for example Gold, Silver, Allotropes of Carbon
Applications are endless!
Color depends on particle size Core & Core-Shell Quantum Dots, Evident Technologies
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
As the particle size gets smaller, a higher fraction of the atoms are at the surface.
Size Matters
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
Electrical properties as an example
Callister, Wiley
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
Metals Insulators and semiconductors
Callister, Wiley
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
Quantum DotsToo small to consider continuous bands in electronic structure.
Phillips Research
Floro, MSE
RET, University of Virginia Lisa E. Friedersdorf, PhD April 17, 2010
It’s not just size, arrangement matters, too. For example, allotropes of Carbon