Nanocoatings for energy conservation and generation “A coating whose thickness is measured on the nano scale” 1 1 http://en.wiktionary.org/ “Thin films are thin material layers ranging from fractions of a nanometre to several micrometres in thickness.” 2 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/ Joe Pimenoff, Beneq July 17 th , 2009
32
Embed
Nanocoatings for energy conservation and generation · Nanocoatings for energy conservation and generation ... Joe Pimenoff, Beneq July 17 th, 2009. Contents State-of-the-art technology
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Nanocoatings for energy conservationand generation
“A coating whose thickness is measured on the nano scale”1
1 http://en.wiktionary.org/
“Thin films are thin material layers ranging from fractions of a nanometre to several micrometres in thickness.”2
� > 50 % of dwellings in EU (15) are single-glazed
� Decreasing the heat conductivity of the windows in Europe, i.e., changing from single-glazing to double-glazing, would save 26 million Toe (tonnes of oil equivalent) per annum. CO2 emissions would drop with 82 million tonnes per annum.
� Low-emissivity (Low-E) is a nanocoating deposited on glass that reduces the U-value by suppressing radiative heat flow, which is the principal mechanism of heat transfer in multilayer glazing.
� Low-e reflects a significant amount of this � Low-e reflects a significant amount of this radiant heat (IR energy), thus lowering the total heat flow through the window.
� Solar control is a nanocoating deposited on glass that reduces the impact of the sun's heat, without sacrificing view.
� Solar control is spectrally selective (transmits � Solar control is spectrally selective (transmits visible light while reflecting the long-wave infrared portion of sunlight).
Source: European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIA), Solar Generation V - 2008.
Environmental impact 2/2
� Thin film methods with higher yield, lower cost, more efficient raw material usage and less toxicity are constantly being developed, due to competition and global trends. A strong candidate for this is ALD.
� Possibilities to eliminate the use of dangerous � Possibilities to eliminate the use of dangerous substances, e.g., cadmium (Cd), phosphorus (P) and fluorine (F), both from the production process and the procuct are being developed.
� If dry process (ALD): no massive water handling or rinsing and no toxic waste solutions.
Image courtesy of ARCHITEKTURBÜRO HAGEMANN/European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIA)
� ”Carbon nanotubes...show asbestos-like pathogenicity in pilot study” (Nature Nanotehchnology, May 2008.)� ”This is a wakeup call for nanotehncology in general and
nanotubes in particular. As a society, we cannot afford not to exploit this incredible material, but neither can we afford to get it wrong – as we did with asbestos.” (Andrew Maynard, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, USA)
� ”The caution or prudence principle is of paramount importance in nanoproduction. If you don’t know the effects of nanoparticles, don’t expose yourself to them.” (Arto Säämänen, VTT, Telma-magazine 1/2009)
� ”The largest part of nanoparticles are most likely harmless, but the challenge is to identify the harmful ones and prevent them from causing a health risk.” (Kai Savolainen, TTL, Telma-magazine 1/2009)
� All need to understand that this ”nanothing” might apply to us too, because if one causes a stir, we will all be affected.
1. Old companies, ”No, we don’t have nano, do we?”Mines, ceramic plants, airports, foundries, bakeries, welding huts, pigment manufacturers, coaters etc.huts, pigment manufacturers, coaters etc.
2. Old companies, ”Yes, we have nano.”Chemical manufacturers, particle manufacturers, coaters etc.
3. New companies, ”No, we don’t have nano.”?
4. New companies, ”Yes, we have nano.”All companies using ”nano” in their marketing, coaters, chemical companies etc.
Manipulation Materials Solar panels ICs Sensors Drug delivery
NANOTECHNOLOGY
� The platform is global, broad and fragmented.� Policies must cope with this, or they will be useless.� The only(?) unifying property of all nanotechnology is
still that it is a fourteen letter word to fast funding.
Source: Credit Suisse, 2009 & A.Maynard, 2007
ManipulationCharacteri-
sation
MaterialsCompositesCoatings
Solar panelsFuel cellsBatteries
Supercapacitors
ICs SensorsMemorySystems
Drug deliveryMedical devicesCancer treatmentBiomaterials
� There is an abundance of ”non-official” information available. In addition, there is common sense.
� Consciensious companies are already doing what policy and directives of the future most likely and hopefully and directives of the future most likely and hopefully will demand of them. The mavericks will be the biggest risk to health.
� Reaching the ”non-nano” nanobusinesses will be a big challenge.