Nâng cao năng lực quản lý Đại học

7/23/2019 Nng cao nng lc qun l i hc

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B GIO DC & O TO

TRNG I HC NHA TRANG

NNG CAONNG LC QUN L IU HNHTRNG I HC NHA TRANG

PGS. TS. Nguyn Th Kim Anh, Khoa Kinh t

TS. L Vn Ho, Phng BCLT&KT

(LU HNH NI B)

Thng 5/2008


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MC LC

LI NI U............................................................................................................... 3

I. S CN THIT ................................................................................................... 4

II. MC TIU ........................................................................................................... 4

III. NI DUNG........................................................................................................... 4

IV. C S L LUN V QUN L TRNG I HC......................................... 5

IV.1 CC LNH VC QUN L TRONG C S GIO DC I HC.................. 5

IV.2 CHT LNG V QUN L CHT LNG I HC.............................. 7

IV.2.1 Cc quan nim v cht lng i hc ....................................................... 7IV.2.2 Cc cp qun l cht lng i hc...................................................... 9

IV.3 P DNG CHU TRNH PHT TRIN GI TR TRONG QUN L TRNGI HC CCH TIP CN QUN L CHT LNG TON DIN ..................... 11

IV.3.1 Gii thiu Chu trnh pht trin gi tr ........................................................ 11

IV.3.2 p dng vo qun l i hc.................................................................... 12

V. NH GI THC TRNG V CC HOT NG CH YU TI HNT......... 14

V.1 NHN XT V CC NGUN LC ................................................................. 15

V.2 NHN XT V CC SN PHM..................................................................... 18

V.3 NHN XT V NNG LC QUN L IU HNH NH TRNG.............. 20

V.3.1 Nng lc xy dng, t chc thc thi v kim tra chin lc..................... 20

V.3.2 Nng lc xy dng c cu t chc........................................................... 21

V.3.3 Nng lc xy dng h thng th ch chnh sch...................................... 21

V.3.4 Nng lc la chn phong cch qun l..................................................... 22

V.3.5 Nng lc xy dng v pht trin i ng cn b vin chc...................... 23

V.3.6 Nng lc pht trin k nng ngh nghip ca cn b vin chc............... 24VI. MT S KINH NGHIM V T CHC, QUN L I HC........................... 24

VI.1 T CHC QUN L CP KHOA TRNG I HC.............................. 24

VI.2 M HNH PHN CP QUN L I HC ................................................ 29

VI.2.1 M hnh phn quyn (Distributed Organization)....................................... 30

VI.2.2 M hnh kiu phn t (Molecular Organization) ....................................... 30

VI.3 HI NG TRNG .................................................................................... 31

VII. XUT........................................................................................................... 33

Ti liu tham kho ..................................................................................................... 39


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THAM LUN 1:.......................................................................................................... 40

TNG CNG HOT NG HP TC QUC T TI TRNG

I HC NHA TRANG

THAM LUN 2:.......................................................................................................... 47

V XY DNG V TRIN KHAI CC QUYT NH QUN TR TRONG

NH TRNG


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LI NI U

Chuyn Nng cao nng lc qun l iu hnh Trng i

hc Nha Trangc xy dng trong bi cnh Trng i hcNha Trang ang chun b k nim 50 nm thnh lp Trng(thng 10/2009). y l mt ct mc quan trng nh du mtgiai on xy dng v pht trin y t ho ca cc th h thyv tr ca Nh trng.

t nc ang tng bc i ln theo tin trnh hi nhp vi thgii trn mi bnh din, trong c gio dc i hc. tip tcpht huy trong giai on mi nhng gi tr vt cht v tinh thn

trong cng tc o to v nghin cu khoa hc m cc th h itrc to dng, chc chn rng nng lc qun l iu hnh tiTrng i hc Nha Trang cn tip tc c nng cao hn na.

Xut pht t nhng suy ngh trn, Chuyn ny c xydng nhm mc tiu cung cp c s l lun v qun l trng ihc, trn c s nh gi thc trng hot ng qun l ca Nhtrng, gii thiu mt s kinh nghim tt v qun l trng ihc trong nc v trn th gii, v t xut mt s gii php

nhm nng cao cht lng cng tc qun l iu hnh ti TrngH Nha Trang.

Chuyn ny c xy dng vi s ti tr kinh ph ca D nSRV 2701 (thuc i s qun Na Uy) v da trn nhiu kinng gp qu bu ca lnh o Nh trng v qu ng nghip.Chng ti xin trn trng cm n v mong nhn c thm nhiugp v chia s.

Nhm tc gi


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NNG CAO NNG LC QUN L IU HNHTRNG I HC NHA TRANG

PGS. TS. Nguyn Th Kim Anh, Khoa Kinh t

TS. L Vn Ho, Phng BCLT&KT

I. S CN THIT

Chuyn Nng cao nng lc qun l iu hnh Trng i hcNha Trangc xy dng trn c s nhng yu cu trong cng tcqun l ca Nh trng nh sau:

1. Hu ht CBQL ca Trng H Nha Trang xut thn t i ngCBGD, t c trang b v kin thc qun l c bit kin thcv qun l trng i hc. V vy, rt cn mt c s l lun ctnh khi qut cao v hin i v cc hot ng trng i hc i ng CBQL c th tm hiu d dng v ng dng c hiuqu trong vic thc hin cc ch trng, xut cc gii phpv qun l trn cc mt cng tc.

2. Cng tc qun l ca Trng H Nha Trang c k tha vpht trin trn c s kinh nghim ca qu trnh vn ng, phttrin v cc vn bn hng dn ca ngnh. Tuy nhin, png yu cu pht trin trong giai on hin nay v tng lai, rtcn c s i mi v m hnh qun l v nhng gii php tngth gip nng cao hiu qu cc mt hot ng ca Nh trng.

II. MC TIU

Chuyn Nng cao nng lc qun l iu hnh Trng i hc

Nha Trangnhm mc tiu cung cp c s l lun v qun l trngi hc, trn c s nh gi thc trng hot ng qun l ca Nhtrng, gii thiu mt s kinh nghim tt v qun l trng i hctrong nc v trn th gii, v t xut mt s gii php nhmnng cao cht lng cng tc qun l iu hnh ti Trng H NhaTrang.

III. NI DUNG

1. C s l lun v qun l trng i hc.


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2. nh gi thc trng v hot ng ca Trng H Nha Trangtrn cc mt ch yu: qun l o to, qun l KHCN-HTQT,qun l nhn s.

3. Cung cp mt s kinh nghim qun l trng i hc c hiu

qu trong nc v trn th gii.

4. xut nhng ci tin v m hnh qun l v nhng gii phptrin khai i vi Trng H Nha Trang.

IV. C S L LUN V QUN L TRNG I HC

IV.1 CC LNH VC QUN L TRONG C S GIO DC I HC

Cc trng H c ba chc nng chnh: o to, nghin cu, v phcv x hi (P.T.Ngh, 2000, tr. 137) v vy cho d mt trng H hot

ng theo mt m hnh no, cng tc qun l trng cn baotrm c ba lnh vc ny. c th ho ba chc nng trn, Piper (1993) phn ra tm lnh vc qun l c th mt trng H nh sau:

(1) Qun l o to

(2) Qun l khoa hc

(3) Qun l dch v cng ng

(4) Qun l i ng cn b

(5) Qun l SV

(6) Qun l cc dch v h tr o to

(7) Qun l ngun lc v ti sn

(8) Qun l iu hnh nh trng

Tu theo c im ca mi trng H, m chc nng nhim v tnglnh vc c th khc nhau. Tuy nhin, nhng ni dung cng vic chyu tng lnh vc c th c lit k nh sau:

IV.1.1 Qun l o to

Trong s 8 lnh vc ni trn, qun l o to thng c xem l miquan tm hng u, v n c tnh quyt nh nht i vi sn phm oto. Cc ni dung chnh ca qun l o to bao gm:

- Xc nh mc tiu v cc chun mc cht lng trong o to

- Xy dng chin lc pht trin qui m, hiu qu cng tc oto

- Xy dng cc qui nh, qui trnh t chc cng tc o to


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- Xy dng cc k hoch, chng trnh o to

- T chc cng tc m bo cht lng dy v hc.

IV.1.2 Qun l khoa hc

- Xc nh mc tiu v cc chun mc cht lng trong NCKH- Xy dng chin lc pht trin qui m, hiu qu cng tc NCKH

- Xy dng cc qui nh, qui trnh t chc hot ng NCKH

- T chc cng tc theo di, nh gi hot ng NCKH

- T chc, theo di, nh gi cc hot ng lin kt trong NCKH,chuyn giao cng ngh gia trng H v cc c quan bnngoi.

IV.1.3 Qun l dch v cng ngDch v cng ng bao gm cc hot ng nhm mc tiu phc vcng ng x hi (tr cc hot ng o to v NCKH) nh vn ha,vn ngh, th dc th thao Qun l dch v cng ng cn tp trungvo cng tc t chc, khai thc cc ngun lc ca nh trng phcv c hiu qu.

IV.1.4 Qun l i ng cn b

- Xy dng cc chin lc, chng trnh cng tc nhm pht trinv bi dng i ng cn b

- Xy dng qui hoch cn b

- Xy dng cc qui trnh tuyn dng, nh gi, khen thng-k lutcn b

- Xy dng cc ch , chnh sch bo m mi trng lm victhun li cho cn b.

IV.1.5 Qun l sinh vin

- Xy dng cc qui nh, qui trnh trong cng tc qun l SV

- T chc qun l h s SV v lp cu ni thng tin vi gia nhSV

- T chc cc hot ng th cht, tinh thn, vt cht cho SV

- T chc cc hot ng t vn, gii thiu vic lm cho SV

- T chc, theo di, nh gi cng tc gio vin ch nhim, bancn s lp, v hot ng on, Hi.

IV.1.6 Qun l cc dch v h tr o to


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Dch v h tr o to bao gm cc hot ng th vin, cc phngtin phc v ging dy v hc tp, cc dch v hnh chnh trong oto. Qun l dch v h tr o to cn tp trung vo cng tc t chc,khai thc cc ngun lc ca nh trng phc v cng tc o to

c hiu qu.IV.1.7 Qun l ngun lc v ti sn

Ngun lc v ti sn y bao gm c s vt cht, thit b, v ngunti chnh ca nh trng. Cng tc qun l ngun lc v ti sn cntp trung vo vic xy dng, pht trin mi trng ging dy v hctp; pht trin v gim st cc hot ng ti chnh ca nh trng.

IV.1.8 Qun l iu hnh nh trng

- Xc nh nh hng, cc chin lc pht trin ca nh trngtrong tng giai on

- Xy dng cc qui nh, qui trnh hot ng chung ca nhtrng

- T chc, theo di, nh gi vic trin khai cc chin lc phttrin cc n v

- T chc, theo di, nh gi hot ng ca ton b my ca nhtrng.

IV.2 CHT LNG V QUN L CHT LNG I HC

IV.2.1 Cc quan nim v cht lng i hc

Cht lng l mt khi nim c tnh ph bin trong nhiu lnh vc khcnhau, nhng thc ra n khng c nh ngha mt cch thng nht,ngay c trong lnh vc gio dc. Trong lnh vc H, khi ni n chtlng, chng ta thng quan tm n phn gio dc, tc hay bnn cht lng o to (training quality). Cht lng o to thng

c xc nh qua nhiu tiu ch, da vo kin thc v k nng SV cc sau nhng kha hc hoc sau khi ra trng. Tuy nhin, mtbnh din rng hn, cht lng GDH (higher education quality)thng c xc nh nh mc hi lng ca khch hng ( yc th nh ngha nh ton x hi) i vi tt c cc loi sn phmm nn H to ra (SV tt nghip, cc kha hc, kt qu nghin cu vdch v khoa hc).

Mi quan tm n cht lng H xut hin c l t khi nn GDH

xut hin. Tuy nhin vic xc nh nh th no l cht lng GDH vlm th no tng cng cht lng th c khng t quan im


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khc nhau. Theo P.T. Ngh (2000), c ba trng phi chnh v chtlng GDH nh sau:

- L thuyt v s khan him ca cht lng: quan nim chtlng tun th theo qui lut hnh chp. i b phn sn phm

c cht lng thp, ch c mt s t c cht lng cao. Hay nicch khc cht lng khng th l mt thuc tnh c tnh itr. Theo quan nim ny, ch c mt s t trng H l tht sc cht lng, v v vy n lm hn ch tc dng ca cc hotng nhm nng cao cht lng cc trng H ni chung.

- L thuyt gia tng gi tr: xem cht lng l mt khi nim ng,v cn c thng xuyn pht trin. Vai tr ca H l khngngng lm tng kin thc, k nng, v hon thin thi ca

ngi hc t lc nhp trng cho n khi ra trng.

- L thuyt v cht lng xc nh theo s mng v mc tiu: xemcht lng l s ph hp vi nhng tuyn b s mnh v ktqu t c ca mc tiu trong phm vi cc chun mc cchp nhn cng khai (Bogue & Saunders, 1992, tr.20).

a s cc h thng H hin nay, quan nim cht lng theo trngphi th ba v n cha ng nhng u vit sau:

- Tn trng tnh a dng ca s mnh, c im ca mi c sH v cc mc tiu m n hng n.

- i hi s vn ng ca nh trng trong vic t c ccmc tiu v cht lng.

- Khuyn khch tnh cng khai v t chu trch nhim ca nhtrng i vi ngi hc v x hi v nhng mc tiu c xydng.

- T cc mc tiu c, nh trng c th c th ha thnh cc

tiu ch phn u, nh gi v cc hot ng c th.

P.T.Ngh (2002) cng cho rng, khng nn xem cht lng theo quannim tuyt i (s khan him), v cng khng nn xem cht lng theoquan nim v s gia tng gi tr (rt kh xc nh), m cht lng cnc xem xt trn c s cc chun mc theo nhng tiu ch c cth ha t mc tiu o to v xut pht t s mng ca c s GDH(tr. 4).

Cn theo N..Chnh (2002), hin nay trn th gii c su quan im vcht lng GDH nh sau:


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(1) Cht lng c nh gi bng u vo: Trng H c chtlng cao nu tuyn c nhiu SV gii, c i ng CBGD uytn, c s vt cht di do

(2) Cht lng c nh gi bng u ra: Trng H c cht

lng cao nu cho ra c nhiu SV tt nghip gii, nhiucng trnh khoa hc gi tr, nhiu kha hc c sc thu htcao

(3) Cht lng c nh gi bng gi tr gia tng: Trng Hc cht lng cao nu to ra c s khc bit ln v s phttrin ca SV sau qu trnh o to ti trng.

(4) Cht lng c nh gi bng gi tr hc thut: Trng H

c cht lng cao nu c c i ng CBGD, cc nh khoahc c uy tn ln.

(5) Cht lng c nh gi bng vn ha t chcring:Trng H c cht lng cao nu c c mt truynthng tt p v hot ng khng ngng nng cao cht lngton din.

(6) Cht lng c nh gi bng kim ton: Trng H ccht lng cao nu kt qu kim ton ti chnh cho thy nh

trng c cc hot ng ti chnh lnh mnh v mang li hiuqu cao i vi s pht trin ca nh trng.

IV.2.2 Cc cp qun l cht lng i hc

Kim sot cht lng

L hnh thc qun l cht lng lu i nht v cng km hiu qunht so vi cc hnh thc khc. Kim sot cht lng ch yu ch tptrung u ra ca sn phm xc nh mc p ng ca snphm so vi cc tiu ch, chun mc c xc nh. Trong lnh vcGDH, cc hot ng thanh kim tra (t bn ngoi hoc trong ni btrng H) i vi cc sn phm hon chnh ca nh trng (SV ttnghip, cc chng trnh o to, cc cng trnh NCKH) tuy c tcdng hn ch vic cho ra nhng sn phm thiu hon thin, chng vncha th gp phn tch cc vo qu trnh pht trin cht lng ca ccsn phm.

m bo cht lng

Nu hnh thc kim sot cht lng ch yu ch quan tm n vic bom s p ng cc tiu chun ca sn phm, th m bo cht lng


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(BCL) hng n vic khng ngng nng cao cht lng ca snphm. lm c iu , hot ng BCL cn din ra trc vtrong qu trnh to ra sn phm; v xem mi thnh vin trong t chcu c trch nhim vi cc sn phm m t chc to ra.

BCL c coi l mt hnh thc qun l cht lng c nhiu u imhn hn so vi hnh thc kim sot cht lng nh tng tn ti lunay trong h thng H ca nc ta. Trong khi kim sot cht lngtp trung ch yu vo hot ng nh gi, th hnh thc BCL, ccc s GDH ngoi nhim v qun l cht lng cn cn phi tptrung xy dng v thc thi cc qui trnh, c ch ca qu trnh o totrn c s k hoch chin lc, nhim v, mc tiu, chun mc c xc nh (P.T.Ngh, 2002). iu ny c ngha, hot ng BCL

mt c s H cn phi to ra nhng cng c qun l, nh gi phhp trn c s cc chun mc, nhng tiu ch c c th ha t mctiu o to v xut pht t s mng ca c s GDH; v ng thi tchc thc hin nhm t c cc mc tiu ra.

Qun l cht lng tng th/ Qun l cht lng ton din

L hnh thc qun l tng t nh BCL v m hnh hot ng. Tuynhin qun l cht lng tng th quan tm nhiu hn n cc yu tsau:

- p ng yu cu, th hiu ca khch hng c coi l mc tiuhng u

- Xy dng v pht trin nn vn ha cht lng trong t chc lyu t quyt nh i vi mc tiu nng cao cht lng snphm.

Hnh thc qun l cht lng tng th/ qun l cht lng ton dinc p dng ch yu trong hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. i vi

lnh vc GDH, vic p ng yu cu, th hiu ca khch hng khc th din ra mt cch trit , bi l sn phm ca GDH cn thigian sn xut kh lu (v d qu trnh o to mt 4-6 nm), trong khiyu cu v th hiu thng thay i nhanh chng hn. Hot ng snxut ca GDH cn c s nh hng mang tnh chin lc hn l stha mn nhng yu cu trc mt.

Mt trong nhng khu c tm quan trng bc nht ca cng tc qun lmt c quan, n v l qun l cc ngun lc. Khi ni n ngun lc,

chng ta thng hay cp n cc ngun lc ti chnh, c s vt


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cht, v con ngi. i vi t duy qun l hin i, khi nim ngunlc c hiu rng hn nhiu. Chu trnh pht trin gi tr c trnhby di y c th c xem l mt cng c t duy mnh, c thgip ch rt tt cho cng tc qun l cht lng cc ngun lc v cc

hot ng cn phi c mt trng H.IV.3 P DNG CHU TRNH PHT TRIN GI TR TRONG QUN LTRNG I HC CCH TIP CN QUN L CHT LNGTON DIN

IV.3.1 Gii thiu Chu trnh pht trin gi tr

Chu trnh pht trin gi tr (Value-creation Cycle), biu din trn Hnh 1, c xy dng vo cui th k 20 bi mt nhm cc nh khoa hc,

ng u l Tin s Bjorn Eirik Olsen, theo mt d n ca Hi ngNghin cu khoa hc Nauy (Norwegian Research Council). Chu trnh c chnh thc gii thiu ln u ti Vit Nam thng qua Hi thonng cao nng lc qun l c t chc ti Trng i hc Thu snngy 18/6/2004 (Olsen, 2004).

Hnh 1: CHU TRNH PHT TRIN GI TR

(VALUE-CREATION CYCLE)

(Ghi ch: NSX: Nh sn xut; SP: Sn phm; KH: Khch hng)

y l mt chu trnh nhm cung cp mt cch nhn h thng v milin h gia nh sn xut (organisation), sn phm (product), v

khch hng (target group); ng thi nhn mnh bn yu t ngunlc gip cho mi lin h ni trn khng ngng c pht trin: ngun

KH

NSX SP

TI

CHNH

NHNLC

HPTC

CUTRC


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nhn lc (human resource), ngun lc ti chnh(finance resource),ngun lc cu trc(structural resource), v ngun lc hp tc(co-

working resource). Chu trnh ny c th c p dng cho tt c cc tchc c to ra sn phm nhm p ng yu cu ca khch hng.

Theo chu trnh trn, trong qu trnh NSX sn xut ra SP, SP cnphi c qung bn KH. Sau khi KH tiu th SP, NSX cn phich ng ly thng tin phn hi t KH v cht lng SP. Da trnthng tin ny, NSX iu chnh hoc pht trin SP ca mnh. C nhvy, cht lng ca SP s khng ngng c nng cao v ngy cngp ng yu cu ca KH. Cc yu t ngun lc ca chu trnh c thc m t tm tt nh sau:

NGUN LC M T

Ti chnh Cc ngun vn / ti chnh m NSX c th tp hp c

Nhn lci ng CBVC ca NSX cng nhng gi tr vn ha, tinhthn (s on kt, tin tng, qu trng,..), s hp tc bntrong gia cc c nhn, n v.

Cu trc

Bao gm h thng c s vt cht; c cu b my; cc k

hoch chin lc; cc qui nh, qui tc, tiu ch cn phic vn hnh hot ng SX; cc gi tr vt cht (bng sngch, h thng bi ging, c s d liu, mng li thngtin...) c xy dng nhm gip NSX hot ng n nh

Hp tc Bao gm cc mi lin h hp tc vi bn ngoi (quan h vicc i tc c tc ng n hot ng SX)

IV.3.2 p dng vo qun l i hc Sn phm v khch hng ca gio dc i hc

Nu p dng Chu trnh pht trin gi tr vo gio dc i hc (GD H)th c th coi trng H l NSX. So vi hot ng ca cc doanhnghip ni chung (vi hng ha l cc sn phm, dch v c th) thtrng H c cc loi sn phm a dng hn. Tng ng vi mi loisn phm ca trng H, i tng khch hng cng thay i theo:


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SN PHM CAGD H

KHCH HNG

Sinh vin X hi (cng ty, x nghip, t chc)

Kha hcNgi hc

X hi

Khoa hc - cng nghGing vin, nh khoa hc

X hi

Khi nim NSX trong Chu trnh cn c th p dng cho cc n v, bphn trong trng H v d nh Khoa, Th vin, Vin/Trung tm Khoahc cng ngh Khi , ty theo chc nng nhim v ca mi n v,m sn phm v khch hng tng ng cng s khc nhau (v d nhi vi Th vin, sn phm chnh l ngun thng tinv khch hng chnhl SV v CBVC ca Trng)

Hot ng qun l H tng ng vi sn phm (ch nu mt shot ng tiu biu) (L.V. Ho, 2004a)

Vi sn phm l SV:

MI QUAN H HOT NG

Sn xut

- T chc, s dng cc ngun lc phc v o to

- Qun l cht lng u vo (tuyn sinh), qu trnh(cng tc o to), v u ra (cht lng SV ttnghip)

- T chc cc hot ng m bo cht lng o to

(xy dng cc qui nh, t chc gim st, kim tra,nh gi cc hot ng c lin quan n cht lngo to)

Qung bGii thiu s lng, cht lng SV tt nghip n cct chc, doanh nghip

Phn hiT chc thu thp thng tin v SV tt nghip, v yu cungun nhn lc ca cc t chc, doanh nghip


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Vi sn phm l cc kha hc:

MI QUAN H HOT NG

Sn xut

- T chc cc ngun lc phc v xy dng cc khahc

- Qun l cc kha hc ph hp vi nhiu i tng,nhiu loi yu cu

- Xy dng cc qui nh, t chc gim st, kim tra,nh gi cc chng trnh, ti liu ca cc khahc

Qung b Gii thiu cc kha hc n cc i tng ngi hc,cc t chc, doanh nghip

Phn hiT chc thu thp thng tin v cc kha hc t cc itng ngi hc, cc t chc, doanh nghip

Vi sn phm l khoa hc-cng ngh:

MI QUAN H HOT NG

Sn xut

- T chc cc ngun lc phc v NCKH

- T chc trin khai hot ng NCKH

- Xy dng cc qui nh, t chc gim st, kim tra,nh gi cc ti NCKH

Qung bGii thiu cc sn phm, dch v NCKH n ging vin,nh khoa hc, cc t chc, doanh nghip lin quan

Phn hiT chc thu thp thng tin phn hi v cc sn phmNCKH t cc i tng c lin quan

V. NH GI THC TRNG V CC HOT NG CH YU TIHNT

Sau y l nhng phn tch SWOT v thc trng ca Trng HNha Trang da trn cc yu cu v ngun lc v sn phm ca Chu

trnh pht trin gi tr.


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V.1 NHN XT V CC NGUN LC

NGUN LC CU TRC

im mnh:

- xy dng tng i nnh c cu b my v hthng chc nng nhim v

- Bc u c k hoch chinlc cho tng giai on

- quan tm n vic xy

dng v hon thin ch ,chnh sch

- C h thng c s vt cht,trang thit b c bn p ngc yu cu ca hot ngo to v NCKH

im yu:

- B my lnh o cha c stham gia t vn ca lc lngbn ngoi

- H thng ch chnh schcha h tr tt cho vic phttrin hot ng NCKH

- H thng thng tin, d liucha p ng c yu cukhai thc phc v o to vNCKH.

- Thiu c s nghin cuchuyn su cho mt s lnhvc mi nhn

C hi:

- C ch qun l GD H VitNam ngy cng giao nhiuquyn t ch hn cho cctrng H

- Chin lc kinh t bin caNh nc c thngqua, trong c vai tr cao to v NCKH

Thch thc:

- S pht trin nhanh chng cah thng cc trng H slm gia tng tnh cnh tranh u vo v s u t ca Nhnc

- S pht trin ca x hi ihi nh trng cn c b myqun l khng ngng chon thin

NGUN LC HP TC

im mnh:

- C ngun nhn lc trin

khai cc hot ng hp tc

im yu:

- Cha xc nh r chc nng

pht trin hp tc ca cc n


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16

trong nc

- Th mnh v o to v NCKHtrong lnh vc thy sn gip dpht trin cc hot ng hp

tc

v. Hp tc vi bn ngoi chatht s c cc n v coitrng, c bit trn lnh vcNCKH

- Thiu v cha khai thc ngmc ngun nhn lc c khnng trin khai cc hp tcquc t bng cc chnh schng vin thch ng

C hi:

- iu kin m rng hp tc

trong v ngoi nc ngy cngthun li

- Mng li ViFINET c nhiutim nng trong vic kt ni cctrng, vin thnh vin cngnhau pht trin

Thch thc:

- Quan h hp tc quc t ngy

cng tin ti th bnh ng(ngun vin tr khng hon ligim dn)

- Trng HNT nm xa cctrung tm gio dc v KHCN

NGUN NHN LC

im mnh:

- C s gia tng u n v slng GV

- a s CBVC gn b vi nghnghip v Nh trng

im yu:

- i ng CBQL cha c tnhchuyn nghip tt, nng lcngoi ng hn ch

- Cha p ng nhu cu GV mt s lnh vc c SV ng

- T l GV c hc hm, hc vcao cn kh thp

- Bnh qun gi ging ca GVcao, lm hn ch hot ngNCKH

- S hp tc gia cc n v, cbit trong NCKH, cha th hinr nt

- T l GV t cc trng khc v


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17

rt thp

C hi:

- GV c nhiu c hi c nng

cao trnh trong v ngoinc

- Chnh sch ca nh nc/BGD&T v pht trin i ngging vin

Thch thc:

- Cc cng ty t nhn nhn

chung c mc lng kh hpdn hn so vi cc trng H

- Nhiu trng H t thc mithnh lp ang chiu m CBQLv GV c nng lc

- V tr ca Trng HNT khngthu ht mnh ngun nhn lcgii

NGUN LC TI CHNH

im mnh:

- C c ch qun l ti chnhcht ch, minh bch

im yu:

- Cn tp trung ch yu vo ccngun thu truyn thng: ngnsch, hc ph. Cc ngun thu

t hp tc (quc t v trongnc) v NCKH cn khim tn

- t sn phm NCKH c kh nnga vo sn xut ln tongun thu

C hi:

- c s tr cp ca Nhnc v nhiu mt

- Chnh sch tng hc ph sc p dng t NH 2008-2009

- Tnh ch ng v ti chnh catrng H ngy cng c

tng cng

Thch thc:

- Trng HNT khng nmtrong h thng cc trngc u tin u t t ngnsch Nh nc

- Chu s khng ch v mc thuhc ph i vi ngi hc(ang rt thp so vi yu cunng cao cht lng o to)


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V.2 NHN XT V CC SN PHM

SN PHM L SV

im mnh:- Trng HNT cung cp cho x

hi lc lng lao ng vinhiu trnh (t TC n SH)v chuyn ngnh khc nhau

- a s c phm cht tt, c tinhthn cu tin v sc khe

im yu:- Nng lc ngoi ng, cc k

nng ngh nghip, tnh sngto cn hn ch

- Kin thc x hi, qun l cnyu

- Cha c tinh thn lm vicnhm (team work)

C hi:

- Nhu cu nhn lc trnh caokh ln

Thch thc:

- Trnh u vo ca SV thucnhm trung bnh thp, gpphn nh hng cht lngu ra

- Mt s trng H trong ncc cung cp SVTN mt s

ngnh nh ca HNT, do vytnh cnh tranh s ngy cngmnh

SN PHM L CC KHA HC

im mnh:

- a s CTT/kha hc cxy dng kh n nh t nhiunm

- C s vt cht nhn chung png tt yu cu ging dy vhc tp

- a cp (t TC n CH), angnh

im yu:

- Cn nng v l thuyt, chm cpnht

- CTT/kha hc nhn chungcha p ng cho cc cp oto khc nhau, cha nh k tchc ly kin bn ngoi

- C qu t cc CTT tay ngh,bi dng chuyn mn ngn

hn


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19

- Cha c qung b rng rin x hi

C hi:

- Nhiu a phng trong cnc c nhu cu o to tich

- c s h tr, lin kt oto bi cc trng, vin trong(ViFINET) v ngoi nc (cctrng ca Nauy, Nht, Cngha Czech, )

Thch thc:

- Mt s cc trung tm o totrong nc v quc t c nhiuCTT v kha hc hp dnngi hc

- Nhiu ngnh hc v thy snang b suy gim mnh v slng ngi hc

SN PHM L KHOA HC CNG NGH

im mnh:

- Trng HNT c uy tn khcao trong lnh vc KHCN thy

sn- C mt s sn phm KHCN

p ng yu cu x hi

im yu:

- T l cc ti c ng dngthc tin cn thp

- Rt t cc bi bo c ngtrn cc tp ch khoa hc c uytn quc t

- Cha c nhiu sn phm ctrng c uy tn v gi tr thngmi cao

- H thng d liu v kt quNCKH cn tn mn

C hi:

- Nhu cu hp tc NCKH vCGCN trong lnh vc thy sn cc doanh nghip, aphng cn rt ln

- Thy sn l mt trong cc lnhvc nghin cu c ch trng

tm quc gia v quc t

Thch thc:

- Nhiu trng/vin trong ncc b dy ng k trong lnhvc NCKH v CGCN v lnhvc thy sn

- Cc sn phm thy sn ngoith trng ngy cng c cht

lng cao, mu m p


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20

V.3 NHN XT V NNG LC QUN L IU HNH NH TRNG

V.3.1 Nng lc xy dng, t chc thc thi v kim tra chin lc

im mnh im yu

- Lnh o Nh trng c tm nhnv nhn thc ng v vai tr cachin lc xc nh v th caNh trng trong di hn.

- Nh trng xc nh c smng l o to v bi dng

ngun nhn lc c trnh i hcv sau i hc thuc a lnh vc;t chc nghin cu khoa hc,chuyn giao cng ngh v cungcp cc dch v chuyn mn chonn kinh t, c bit l lnh vcThy sn.

- Mc tiu ca Nh trng c

khng nh l khng ngng phttrin cc ngun lc a Nhtrng tr thnh trng i hc angnh, vi cht lng o to vnghin cu khoa hc t chunquc gia v tip cn n trnh ca khu vc.

- Chin lc pht trin Nh trng

c xy dng nhm a Nhtrng t mc tiu l trng ihc t tiu chun quc gia v khuvc.

- Vic xy dng chin lc huyng c s tham gia ca ccKhoa v phng ban chc nng.

- T duy xy dng chin lc vn cnmang nng tnh k hoch, thiu tmnhn cho di hn.

- Cha tip cn cc phng php hini vo qu trnh xy dng chin lc.

- Nng lc xy dng chin lc camt s cn b cp Khoa v phngban cn hn ch.

- S mng, mc tiu ca chin lcNh trng cha c ph binrng ri v cha thm su vo tngcn b cng nhn vin.

- Vic c th ha cc tng chin

lc tng th thnh cc chng trnhk hoch hnh ng cho tng n vcha c thc hin trit .

- Cng tc t chc thc hin chinlc vn ch trng vo gii quyt ccs v, cha to lp c h thngcc chnh sch v ngun lc ph hptrong thc hin cc hot ng.

- Cc Khoa v phng chc nng ctham gia vo qu trnh xy dngchin lc, nhng cha thc s chng trong vic trin khai thc hinchin lc.

- Cng tc kim tra ton din hngnm nh gi l trnh thc thichin lc ca Nh trng cha

c thc hin.


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21

V.3.2 Nng lc xy dng c cu t chc

im mnh im yu

- T duy i mi trong vic mnhdn thay i c cu t chc choph hp vi giai on mi theohng tinh gim, hiu qu.

- Xy dng c cu t chc gn vivic thc hin chin lc bcu c ch trng cpTrng v cc n v.

- i ng cn b lnh o cc cp tng bc c tr ha.

- Vic b nhim cn b lnh o cccp ch trng n s kt hpnng lc chuyn mn v nng lcqun l.

- Vic phn cp, phn quyn v yquyn vn cha mang li hiu qucao trong cng tc qun l do quynhn v trch nhim cha tng xng.

- Qu trnh xy dng chc danh cccng vic mi dng li cp cao.Cha c th ha chi tit cc cpthp hn xc nh ng s lng

nhn vin cn thit v o lng hiuqu thc hin cng vic.

- Vic xy dng quyn hn, trchnhim ca mt s n v cha cr rng, nh hng trc tip n qutrnh t chc thc hin chin lc,dn n cn hin tng n ytrch nhim, cng vic.

- Mi quan h v phi hp cng tcca cc b phn, phng ban cn hnch cha to lp c tnh thngnht v phi hp cng tc.

- Mt s cn b c b tr vo cc nv cha nng lc t vn tham mucho lnh o n v v Nh trng.

V.3.3 Nng lc xy dng h thng th ch chnh sch

im mnh im yu

- ch trng n vic xy dng/b sung/sa i cc quy nh phhp hn.

- Nhiu quy nh c ban hnh,

c bit cho cc lnh vc hot ng

- Nng lc xy dng cc chnh schca mt s cn b tham mu cholnh o Nh trng cn yu, chap ng i hi ca giai on mi.

- Mt s vn bn ban hnh cha ng


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nh: o to, ti chnh lmcho cc hot ng ny tng bci vo n nh.

b, thiu nht qun, chm i migy tr ngi cho qu trnh thc hin.

- Chnh sch ng vin, khuynkhch CBCNV cha mnh to

nn nhng bc thay i t ph,nht l trong hot ng nghin cukhoa hc v hp tc quc t.

- H thng lng/ thng ca Nhtrng cn theo hng bnh qun,cha l ng c khuyn khchcn b cng nhn vin nng caohiu qu cng vic, cha thu ht

c nhn ti.

- Cha nh k nh gi li tc ngca h thng c ch chnh sch c nhng iu chnh kp thi choph hp.

- Trao i thng tin hai chiu hn ch(mt s CBCNVC cn th vi vic

phn hi thng tin lm nh hngn vic ra quyt nh qun l).

V.3.4 Nng lc la chn phong cch qun l

im mnh im yu

- Lnh o Nh trng v mt sn v la chn phong cchqun l tp trung, dn ch, ph hpvi cc tnh hung qun l.

- i thoi trc tip gia lnh oNh trng vi CBCNV v sinhvin c t chc v bc umang li nhng hiu qu.

- Mt s cn b cc n v vn chaxc nh r rng phong cch qun l.Trong qun l vn cn mang nngtnh p t cho cc hot ng can v c vn hnh trn tru,cha khuyn khch c s sngto v ch ng ca nhn vin.

- Mt s cn b qun l cha thc sthay i t duy trong qun l (dnhnhiu thi gian cho vic gii quytcc vn s v, cha ch trng


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n thit lp v nh hng tnglai ca n v).

- Mt s cn b qun l cha co to bi bn v kin thc qun

l v phong cch qun l.

V.3.5 Nng lc xy dng v pht trin i ng cn b vin chc

im mnh im yu

- Bc u ch trng n vicquy hoch, k hoch pht trin i

ng cn b, ging vin v nhnvin t n v n ton trng (quyhoch cn b qun l cc cp chogiai on 2007 2015).

- ch trng hn n cng tc oto, nng cao trnh ging dy,nghin cu, chuyn mn nghip vv ngoi ng cho ging vin, cn

b v nhn vin.

- Mt s n v cha ch trng ngmc n vic phi hp vi Nh

trng xy dng v thc thi khoch pht trin i ng.

- Vic b tr nhn s cho mt sphng ban vn cha tnh n tmnhn di hn pht trin nng lcqun l cho i ng ny.

- Quy trnh tuyn dng nhn s vncn hn ch v nhiu bt cp, mts tiu chun tuyn dng vn cnxem nh (ngoi ng) lm nhhng rt ln n vic pht trini ng trong bi cnh hi nhp.

- Trong nhiu nm lin cha quyttm thc hin trit chin lc vchnh sch pht trin i ng, nntrong thi gian ti c kh nng sthiu ht i ng lnh o mnh, ctm nhn v i ng gio vin/cnb gii v chuyn mn v tinh thngngoi ng y mnh cc hotng NCKH v hp tc quc t.

- Cha c mt ngun kinh ph cxc nh c th hng nm cho cngtc pht trin i ng, m rng tmnhn cho cn b vin chc.


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V.3.6 Nng lc pht trin k nng ngh nghip ca cn b vin chc

im mnh im yu

- Lnh o Nh trng, cc n v quan tm nhiu n vic phttrin kin thc chuyn mn cagio vin v k nng ngh nghipca nhn vin trong giai on mi.

- Cc lp tp hun ngn hn v phttrin k nng ngh nghip ct chc trong cc nm qua cho

gio vin v cn b nhn vin.

- Mt s nhn vin vn cn th vivic t nng cao k nng nghnghip, cha nhn thc y vng n v vai tr ca mi c nhntrong t chc, v trch nhim ca cnhn trong vic gp phn nng caonng lc qun l ca Nh trng.

- Trnh ting Anh vn cn yu

trong i b phn gio vin v cnb nhn vin ca Nh trng. cng l mt trong nhng ro cn tip cn vi tri thc v k nng mi.

- Nh trng cha mnh dn c cchnh thc u t hp l pht trink nng ngh nghip gio vin/ nhnvin (cha c k hoch ngn sch

c phn b hng nm mi ccchuyn gia u n n trnh bycc chuyn vi Nh trng, chatr th lao ging dy hp l cho ccgio s gii nn khng th mi gingc cc gio s ny).

VI. MT S KINH NGHIM V T CHC, QUN L I HCVI.1 T CHC QUN L CP KHOA TRNG I HC

T chc qun l H trn th gii rt a dng bi cc trng H nhnchung c giao quyn t ch rt ln. Trong bi cnh , qun l cpkhoa cc trng H cng rt khc nhau. c mt v d c th vphn nh nhng c trng ph bin nht ca qun l cp khoa ccH phng Ty, t cc trng H Vit Nam c th tham kho,tc gi xin gii thiu v t chc cp khoa Trng H Portsmouth,

Vng quc Anh. Trng mi ch c chnh thc thnh lp t nm


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1992, hin c tt c khong 18.000 SV trong khong 3500 l hcvin sau H.

VI.1.1 V tr ca cp khoa trong b my qun l ca Trng HPortsmouth

S 1 biu din v tr ca cp khoa trong b my qun l tng th caTrng H Portsmouth. S cho thy vai tr tch cc ca cp khoatrong cng tc qun l iu hnh: i din ca Hi ng khoa (FacultyBoard) c tham gia cng vi cc i din ca cc b phn chcnng nh Hoch nh chnh sch (Academic Policy), m bo chtlng (Quality Assurance), Nghin cu v pht trin (Research &Development), v Sau i hc (Research Degrees) trong Hi ng hcthut (Academic Council) ca Nh trng bn bc, thng nht cc

ch trng hot ng chung. Hiu trng v Ban Gim hiu(Directorate) chu trch nhim t chc thc hin cc ch trng nytrong Nh trng.

VI.1.2 T chc ca cc khoa Trng H Portsmouth

S 2 cho thy c cu cc b mn (Department), trng (School),trung tm (Centre) v vin (Institute) trc thuc khoa ca Trng HPortsmouth. Tt c cc n v c s ny c t di s lnh otrc tip ca cc Trng khoa. Hiu trng v Ban Gim hiu ch occ n v c s thng qua cc Trng khoa. y l mt c cu qunl theo hng phn cp mnh v n v khoa nhm gim bt cc umi qun l cp Trng.


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Emergency

Finance

Nom

ina

tionR

emunera

tion S

tuden

tsAca

dem

ic

&Genera

lAffairs

Estate&Informa

tion-

Tec

hno

logy

Human

Resources

B

oardo

f

G

ovenors

Vice-

Chan

ce

lor

Direc

tora

te

Stra

teg

icPlann

ing

Group

Hea

lth&Sa

fety

Acad

em

ic

Coun

cil

Facult

yBoard

Facu

lty

Execu

tive

Commi

ttee

Aca

dem

ic

Po

licy

Qua

lity

Assurance

Researc

h&

Deve

lopmen

t

Researc

h

Degrees

CHTHCH:

Raquy

tnh&

ng

h:

Tv

n:

ITCOMMITEEE

S

1

AUDITAND

QUALITY


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VICE-C

HANCELOR

DIRECTORATE

DEAN

Facu

lty

of

Tec

hno

logy

DEAN

Facu

ltyo

f

Envir

onmen

t

DE

AN

Po

rtsmou

thBus

iness

Sc

hoo

l

DEAN

Facu

ltyo

f

Human

ities

&Soc

ial

Sc

iences

DEAN

Facu

ltyo

f

Sc

ience

Departm

en

to

f

Computersc

iencean

d

so

ftware

eng

ineering

Departm

en

to

fCrea

tive

tec

hnolo

gy

Departm

en

to

f

Elec

tron

ican

d

Computer

Eng

ineering

Departm

en

to

f

Informa

tionsys

tems

an

dcom

pu

ter

app

licat

ions

Departm

en

to

f

Ma

them

atics

Departm

en

to

f

Mec

han

ica

lan

ddes

ign

eng

ineering

Tec

hnologyex

ten

de

d

Campus

Ins

titute

ofCosmo

logy

an

dGra

vita

tion

Portsmo

uthCen

tre

for

En

terrise

Sc

hoo

lo

f

Environmen

taldes

ign

an

dm

anagemen

t

Depa

rtmen

to

fCivil

engneering

Sc

hoo

lo

fArc

hitec

ture

Sc

hoo

lo

fArt,

des

ign

an

dm

edia

Depa

rtmen

to

f

Geog

rap

hy

Ins

titu

teo

fMari

time

an

dh

eri

tages

tudies

De

partmen

to

f

Ac

coun

tingan

dlaw

De

partmen

to

f

Ec

nom

ics

De

partmen

to

fStra

tegy

andbus

inesssys

tems

Sc

hoo

lo

fEduca

tion

an

dcon

tinu

ings

tudies

Sc

hoo

lo

flanguages

an

dareas

tudies

Sc

hoo

lo

fSoc

ial,

historica

lan

dliterary

studies

Ins

tituteo

fCrim

ina

l

jus

tices

tudies

Sc

hoo

lo

fCrea

tive

arts,

film

an

dme

dia

Sc

hoo

lo

f

Biolog

ica

l

sc

iences

Sc

hoo

lo

fEart

h

an

denv

ironmen

tal

sc

iences

Sc

hoo

lo

f

Pharmacyan

d

biome

dica

l

sc

iences

Portsmou

th

Ins

tituteo

f

Me

dicine,

he

lth

an

dsoc

ialcare

Departmen

to

f

Psyc

ho

logy

Departmen

to

f

Sportan

dexerc

ise

sc

ience

I.S

2


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VI.1.3 Cc hi ng cp khoa ca Trng H Portsmouth

Hi ng khoa (Faculty Board)

Thnh phn:

Trng khoa: Ch tch Hi ng Cc Ph trng khoa

Trng cc b mn hoc trng (school) trc thuc

Gim c pht trin (Business Development Director)

Ch tch Hi ng o to

Ch tch Hi ng IT (Information Technology)

Ch tch Hi ng nghin cu

Qun tr trng (Faculty Manager)

Hai thnh vin c bu t b phn phc v

i biu SV c bu t SV thuc cc b mn, trng trc thuc(mi n v bu ra mt)

i biu c bu t mi b mn, trng trc thuc (mi n v bura ti a hai)

Cc i biu t cc khoa khc

Th k khoa

Chc nng nhim v chnh:

xut vi Hi ng hoch nh chnh sch v cc chng trnhpht trin o to, nghin cu khoa hc ca khoa

Tip nhn v x l cc ngun kinh ph ca khoa

Hoch nh k hoch pht trin nhn lc ca khoa v a ra cc xut

Gim st v h tr cc mn hc thuc khoa

Hi ng khoa cp cao (Faculty Executive Committee)

Thnh phn:

Trng khoa: Ch tch Hi ng

Cc Ph trng khoa

Trng cc b mn hoc trng (school) trc thuc

Mt i biu ca CBVC trong khoa


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i din Ban Gim hiu (trong cc cuc hp bn v ngn sch hocxy dng k hoch pht trin hc thut)

Th k khoa

Chc nng nhim v: Xem xt mi vn lin quan n khoa, v a ra cc xut vi

Hi ng khoa hoc cc hi ng cp trng

Ch tch Hi ng c nhim v bo co v hot ng ca Hi ngkhoa cp cao ti cc cuc hp ca Hi ng khoa

Hi ng o to (Faculty Learning and Teaching Committee):

Thnh phn:

Ph Trng khoa ph trch o to: Ch tch Hi ng

Ph Trng khoa ph trch nghin cu khoa hc

Ph Trng khoa ph trch cht lng

i din ca cc b mn hoc trng trc thuc

Ph trch IT ca khoa

t nht c mt trng b mn hoc trng trc thuc

i din ca Phng Pht trin hc tp (Department of Learning

Development) i din ca Th vin

Chc nng nhim v:

Pht trin, h tr v nh gi cht lng cc hot ng o to cakhoa

T chc trao i, pht trin nhng kinh nghim tt trong dy v hc

xut vi khoa v k hoch chin lc nhm pht trin o to

Gi mi quan h cht ch vi Hi ng o to v B phn phtrch SV ca Trng

xut v vic phn b cc ngun lc phc v o to

VI.2 M HNH PHN CP QUN L I HC

tng cng tnh phn cp trong cng tc qun l trng i hc, c ththam kho hai m hnh sau (Alfred & Rosevear, 2000):


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30

VI.2.1 M hnh phn quyn (Distributed Organization):

Hnh 2a: QL hnh thp kiu c Hnh 2b: QL hnh thp kiu mi

M hnh qun l ny v mt hnh thc cng tng t nh kiu qun l hnhthp, tuy nhin y cc n v nh (b mn, t cng tc,) c giaoquyn t chc, quyt nh cc cng vic ca n v mnh; c trc tip lmvic vi khch hng da trn mc tiu, nh hng, v cc qui nh chungca nh trng hay ca khoa. Chng hn nhiu trng H ln trn th gii,mt s department (b mn) c mang tn chnh thc l School (trng) vh c t chc, iu hnh ta nh mt trng con. Nh vy s khc bit cbn ca m hnh qun l ny (Hnh 1b) so vi kiu qun l hnh thp truynthng (Hnh 1a) l cc n v nh c c lp hn nhiu trong qun l iuhnh, t c th pht trin mnh mi quan h vi bn ngoi(gi tt l x hi).

VI.2.2 M hnh kiu phn t (Molecular Organization):

Hnh 3: M hnh kiu phn t

B mn, T cng tc

Khoa, Phng

Gimhiu

B mn, T cng tc

Khoa, Phng

Gimhiu

X hi X hi

X hi


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M hnh kiu ny gn nh ch c hai cp qun l: gim hiu (hay ban gimc trng, hi ng qun tr) v cc n v trc thuc trong gim hiunh mt nguyn t trung tm cn cc n v l cc nguyn t lin kt. Datrn mc tiu, nh hng chung ca nh trng cc n v c quyn ch

ng trong t chc, iu hnh v lm vic vi cc i tc ngoi trng (xhi). Nhng u im chnh ca m hnh ny:

- C cu b my gn nh, d thch nghi vi yu cu pht trin v yu cuca th trng.

- Cc n v c iu kin tip cn st vi th trung (x hi).

- Ph hp tt vi cc trng c nhiu c s, chi nhnh cc a bnkhc nhau.

VI.3 HI NG TRNG

Nhm mc ch tng cng hiu qu hot ng qun tr trng i hc, nngcao tnh t chu trch nhim i vi x hi (accountability) v th ch ha sgn kt gia nh trng vi x hi, chnh ph ca nhiu nc trn th gii buc cc trng i hc xy dng hi ng trng (Board of Governors) vivai tr l mt c quan quyn lc quan trng nht trong nh trng (L.V. Ho,2004b). Hi ng trng ca Trng H Portsmouth nh ni trn l mt

v d (S 1 tr. 26). Vit Nam, hi ng trng c th ch ha ti iu l trng i hcc k ban hnh ngy 30/7/2003 theo Quyt nh 153/2003/Q-TTg ca Thtng Chnh ph. Do cn tn ti nhiu kh khn khch quan, cho nn tuyiu l c hiu lc c 5 nm, n nay cng ch c mt s t trng ihc thnh lp hi ng trng (n c nh: Trng H Kinh t quc dn,Trng H Ngoi thng, Trng H Lut TP.HCM, Trng H Thy li,Trng H Tin Giang, ). Thnh cng ban u ca cc trng H ny l

bc u khng nh c vai tr ca hi ng trng trong nh trng,c c s tham gia ca cc thnh vin ngoi trng trong vic xy dng ccquyt ngh v mc tiu chin lc, k hoch pht trin ca trng. V d sauy nhm gii thiu Hi ng trng ca Trng H Ngoi thng(http://www.ftu.edu.vn, truy cp ngy 4/5/2008):


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Hi ng Trng i hc Ngoi Thng:

Hi ng trng c ton th cn b, ging vin trng i hc Ngoithng bu v B trng B Gio dc v o to cng nhn theo Quyt nh s5541/Q-BGDT ngy 29 thng 8 nm 2007. Nhim k u ca Hi ng trngi hc Ngoi thng t nm 2007 n nm 2012 (2007-2012).

Hi ng trng l c quan qun tr ca trng i hc Ngoi thng, i dinch s hu ca Nh nc v ti sn ca trng i hc Ngoi thng, l c quanquyn lc cao nht ca trng c quyn ra cc quyt ngh v cc ch trng ln thc hin quyn t ch v t chu trch nhim ca Nh trng theo quy nhca php lut. BGH c trch nhim thc hin cc ngh quyt v kt lun ca Hing.

1. Nhim v ca Hi ng trng c quy nh theo iu l trng ihc (iu 30):- Quyt ngh v mc tiu chin lc, k hoch pht trin ca trng bao gmd n quy hoch, k hoch pht trin trung v di hn ph hp vi Quy hochmng li cc trng i hc ca c nc;- Quyt ngh v d tho quy ch t chc v hot ng ca trng, b sung, sai Quy ch trc khi Hiu trng trnh B GD v T ph duyt ;- Quyt ngh ch trng chi tiu; u t xy dng c s vt cht, mua smtrang thit b t ngun vn kinh ph nh nc cp hng nm v tt c cc ngunthu ca trng;- Gim st BGH v cc b phn chc nng trong vic thc hin Quy ch thc

hin dn ch trong cc hot ng ca Trng v cc Ngh quyt ca Hi ng vbo co B GD v T.

2. C cu t chc ca Hi ng trng:

Ch tch: PGS.TS V Ch LcTng th k: Th.s o Thu GiangCc U vin:

1.GS.TS Hong Vn Chu Hiu trng B th ng y2.PGS.TS Phm Duy Lin Ch tch Cng on3. Nguyn Vn Triu B th on trng4. PGS.TS V S Tun Ph Hiu trng5. PGS.TS Bi Ngc Sn Gim c C s II Ti thnh ph HCM6. TS. Nguyn c Hot Ging vin Khoa ting Anh chuyn ngnh7. TS. Bi Th L Ch nhim khoa Kinh t v Kinh doanh quc t8. PGS.TS Nguyn Vn Hng Ph Hiu trng9.TS. Trn Vit Hng nguyn trng phng TCHC10. TS. Nguyn Xun Minh Ph Gim c c s II11 GS.TS. Phm V Lun Th trng B GD v T12. TS. V c am Th trng B Thng tin v truyn thng13. ng Ph Thi Bnh Ph ch tch thng trc UBND thnh ph H Ni


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c mt i ng CBQL tm v kin thc v t duy qun l H trong bicnh mi, Nh trng cn c mt k hoch bi bn nhm bi dng thngxuyn i ng ny, ng thi cn phi mnh dn trong cng tc sng lc ing duy tr sc mnh chung ca c b my qun l.

3. Xy dng chin lc tip cn khch hng v k hoch thc thi

Hot ng qun l ca GD H trn th gii ngy nay ang p dng cc mhnh thnh cng ca qun l doanh nghip bi l vai tr, v tr ca khchhng i vi GD H ang ngy cng tr nn quan trng. P.Q. Sng (2004) nh gi mi quan h lng lo gia cc trng H vi c s sn xut lmt trong nhng bt cp chnh trong gio dc H hin nay Vit Nam.Tng t, P.T.Ngh (2000) cho rng trong s cc bin php nh gi chtlng GD H hin nay, hnh thc nh gi thng qua tm hiu thi ca

ngi s dng dch v cha c s dng rng ri trong cc trng i hcVit Nam (tr.103). Mt trng H mun pht trin tt cn phi xy dngchin lc ph hp hng n cc i tng khch hng sau:

- Ngi hc (l hc sinh ph thng, SV ang theo hc, SV tt nghiphoc nhng ngi ang cng tc): l khch hng ca cc chng trnho to.

- Cc c quan, doanh nghip: l khch hng ca sn phm o to (SV ttnghip) v cc chng trnh o to, cc sn phm NCKH v dch v.

thc thi cc chin lc trn, cn c cc k hoch, ni dung cng vic cth. Mt v d rt ng suy ngh: vo thng 8 hng nm, Trng H RMIT(chi nhnh ti Vit Nam) t chc Ngy hi khm ph Trng(Discovery Day) gii thiu vi ton x hi cc chng trnh hc, c s vt cht phc v oto v NCKH ang c, qua thu ht ngy cng nhiu cc i tng v slng ngi hc.

Trong nhng nm gn y, Trng H Nha Trang ngy cng quan tm hn

n vic tip cn cc c s sn xut v cc nh s dng lao ng. Quan hgia Nh trng v cc cc c s sn xut khng ngng c cng c thngqua cc chuyn ving thm, cc hot ng hp tc trong lnh vc khoa hccng ngh. Tuy nhin, cho n nay Nh trng vn ch c rt t cc chngtrnh o to ngn hn c th p ng nhu cu bi dng, cp nht kin thcca cc c s sn xut; ng thi s ch ng trong vic xy dng v phttrin cc mi quan h vi bn ngoi nhiu khoa vn cn nhiu hn ch.

Hot ng qung b nh trng n vi x hi cng l mt ni dung tip cn

vi khch hng m Trng H Nha Trang cn tng cng mnh m. Trongthi gian qua, chng ta cha u t thch ng cho hot ng ny. Cc khoa,


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vin, trung tm nhn chung cha c nhiu hot ng ng k t gii thiumnh vi x hi. Cng tc qung b tuyn sinh cha c u t ng mc gp phn thu ht ngi hc.

Thnh lp hi ng trng cng l mt gii php gip Trng H Nha Trang

th ch ha s gn kt gia Nh trng v x hi, to iu kin pht trin miquan h vi khch hng. S cn thit ca hi ng trng v cc nguyntc thnh lp c khng nh ti iu l trng i hc. Mc d vn cntn ti nhng kh khn khch quan v mt c ch qun tr H Vit Nam, n lc chng ta cn tham kho cc kinh nghim tt trong v ngoi nc sm thnh lp mt hi ng nh vy trong c cu b my ca Nh trng.

4. Xy dng chin lc pht trin cc ngun lc

Nh ni phn trn, vai tr ca cc ngun lc l khng th thiu vnhnh Chu trnh pht trin gi tr. Bn cnh cc ngun lc thng c cpnh nhn lc, ti chnh, Nh trng cn c bit quan tm n ngun lc hptc v ngun lc cu trc. Ti Hi tho nng cao nng lc qun l ca Trngi hc Thu sn nm 2004, tin s Bjorn Eirik Olsen a ra mt tng ktda trn kinh nghim ca th gii v nghin cu ca bn thn nh sau:

- Mun pht trin nhanhth cn tp trung vo ngun lc hp tc(trong vngoi nc).

- Mun pht trin bn vngth cn quan tm pht trin ngun nhn lc.- Mun pht trin vi hiu sut caoth cn nhanh chng hon thin ngun

lc cu trc.

Trong thi gian qua, Trng H Nha Trang khng ngng m rng cc miquan h hp tc c trong v ngoi nc, v ang dnh nhiu u tin trin khai k hoch pht trin ngun nhn lc, ng thi khng ngng honthin c cu t chc v h thng cc vn bn qun l. Tuy vy, cng tc pht

trin cc ngun lc cn c Nh trng tip tc hoch nh v mt chinlc bo m mt s pht trin nhanh v bn vng. i vi ngun lc hptc, Nh trng cn quan tm y mnh s nng ng cp n v, tht sch trng n vic xy dng mt mng li cu SV. i vi ngun nhn lc,cn cao tinh thn hp tc v thi tch cc i vi cng vic chung.

5. Tng cng cng tc phn cp i i vi hot ng kim tra, gim st

tip cn tt hn vi khch hng, Nh trng cn c s iu chnh v mhnh qun l gc phn cp. Hu ht cc trng H Vit Nam hin nayang p dng hnh thc qun l kiu hnh thp (pyramid model) l kiu qun


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l bao gm nhiu cp qun tr, ph hp vi c ch qun l tp trung, bao cpnh trc y. Hai nhc im chnh ca kiu qun l ny l:

- Chm thch ng vi s i mi v thng tin v ch truyn t trn xunghoc t di ln chm v d b thay i.

- Hn ch s tip cn v kh nng ra quyt nh ca i ng chuyn gia ivi khch hng v h phi thng qua nhiu cp pha trn, bi theo mhnh qun l ny, gn nh ch c cc cp lnh o mi c trc tip lmvic vi mi trng cng tc bn ngoi nh trng.

tng cng hiu qu ca hnh thc qun l kiu hnh thp, Nh trng cth p dng s iu chnh theo m hnh qun l hnh thp kiu mi nh Hnh 2b ni trn. M hnh qun l ny v mt hnh thc cng tng t nh

qun l hnh thp kiu truyn thng, tuy nhin y cc n v nh (b mn,t cng tc,) c giao quyn t chc, quyt nh cc cng vic ca n vmnh; c trc tip lm vic vi khch hng da trn mc tiu, nhhng, v cc qui nh chung ca nh trng hay ca khoa. Chng hn nhiu trng H ln trn th gii, mt s department (b mn) c mangtn chnh thc l School (trng) v h c t chc, iu hnh ta nh mttrng con. Nh vy s khc bit c bn ca m hnh qun l ny so vi kiuqun l hnh thp truyn thng l cc n v nh c c lp hn nhiu trongqun l iu hnh, t c th pht trin mnh mi quan h vi bn ngoi

(gi tt l x hi).

Mc d trong thi gian qua cc b mn/khoa c Nh trng phn cpnhiu hn trong cng tc i ngoi, nhng kt qa trin khai trn thc t vncn rt hn ch. Mt trong nhng nguyn nhn ca hn ch ny c th l bmn/khoa vn cha c s ch ng cn thit v mt ti chnh.

Thu gn u mi qun l cp Trng cng l mt nh hng cn thit trongqu trnh pht trin nhm va y mnh s phn cp, va tng cng hiunng ca b my qun l. M hnh qun l cp trng ca Trng HPortsmouth nh trnh by phn trn l mt v d tt. Mt s vin, trungtm c chc nng o to, nghin cu Trng H Nha Trang c th l nv thnh vin ca khoa. S gn kt v mt qun l nh vy cho php pht huyti a cc ngun lc ca khoa trong cng tc o to v t chc NCKH. Tuynhin, c th pht huy c nng lc ca cc vin, trung tm trong iukin trc thuc khoa, cn c nhng chnh sch cho php cc vin/trung tmc c s ch ng cn thit trong cng tc iu hnh.

Bn cnh s phn cp mnh m, Nh trng cn tip tc v m rng cchot ng kim tra, gim st ni b. y l mt trong nhng yu cu c bn


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ca B GD&T trong vic trao quyn t ch ngy mt nhiu hn cho cctrng H. Cng c t chc v hot ng ca cc n v lm cng tc thanhtra v m bo cht lng trong Nh trng l gii php then cht png yu cu ny.

6. Ch trng cng tc kim nh cht lng

Kim nh cht lng cp trng v cp chng trnh ang l mt trongnhng u tin hng u ca B GD&T trong cc ch trng, chnh sch vpht trin h thng H ca Vit Nam. y cng l mt xu hung tt yu caGDH trn ton th gii. Theo ch trng ca B, kt qu kim nh chtlng s l mt cn c quan trng cc trng c php tng ch tiutuyn sinh, tng mc hc ph, v tng mc u t ca Nh nc cho hotng NCKH (B GD&T, 2008).

Nhn thc c tm quan trng ca cng tc ny, nm 2005 Trng H NhaTrang t nguyn tham gia vo chng trnh kim nh th im ca B ivi 20 trng H u tin trong c nc. Nm 2007 B ban hnh b tiuchun kim nh cht lng chnh thc i vi cc trng H km theo ccqui nh trin khai (B GD&T, 2007). Theo chu k kim nh 5 nm ca B,n nm 2010 Trng H Nha Trang s c kim nh cht lng cptrng ln hai. khng ngng p ng cc tiu ch kim nh cht lngtrng H theo b tiu ch mi, Nh trng cn c chin lc v k hoch

trin khai ng b trn tt c cc mt hot ng. Bn cnh , cc khoachuyn ngnh cn t chc tham kho cc b tiu ch kim nh cp chngtrnh ca cc t chc kim nh khu vc v th gii, chng hn B tiu chkim nh cc chng trnh thuc khi k thut v cng ngh ca t chcABET (ABET, 2007), n u hot ng kim nh cp chng trnh caB GD&T trong mt tng lai khng xa.

7. p dng Chun ISO 9001-2000 trong qun l nh trng

Mc d Chun ISO 9001-2000 c pht trin nhm mc ch ban u lnng cao hiu qu cng tc qun l cc doanh nghip, cho n nay n c vn dng vo qun l nh trng. Mc ch ca vic p dng ChunISO 9001-2000 trong nh trng l lm cho cc hot ng qun l c quitrnh ha, th ch ha, v bo m tnh khoa hc, minh bch trong xy dngv trin khai cc hot ng trong nh trng. Hin nay, Chun ISO 9001-2000 c p dng nhiu trng i hc trn th gii. Trong nuc cng cmt s trng (Trng H Lt, Trng H Nng Lm Tp HCM, TrngH Hi Phng, Trng H SPKT TpHCM, ) p dng Chun ISO 9001-2000

cho mt s lnh vc qun l trng im nh qun l o to, qun l khoa hc


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cng ngh, qun l SV. Kinh nghim chung ca cc trng p dng ChunISO 9001-2000 trong qun l l mc d kinh ph u t ban u khng nh,nhng kinh nghim v kt qu thu c trn mt lnh vc qun l no cth c nhn rng ra cc lnh vc qun l khc trong nh trng. i vi

Trng H Nha Trang, trc mt c th hc hi nhng u vit ca ChunISO 9001-2000 trong cng tc qun l iu hnh Nh trng, chng hn tchc xy dng h thng cc qui trnh cng tc trn tt c cc hot ng qunl, iu hnh.


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Ti liu tham kho

ABET (2007). Criteria for accrediting engineering programs. ABET, Inc. (Website:

www.abet.org)Alfred, R.& Rosevear, S. (2000). Organizational structure, management, and

leadership for the future. In Managing colleges and universities by A. M.

Hoffman and R. W. Summers (Eds). London: Bergin & Garvey.

B GD&T (2007). Quyt nh s 65/2007/Q-BGDT ngy 01/11/2007 ca B

trng B GD&T v/v Ban hnh Qui nh v tiu chun nh gi cht lng

trng i hc.

B GD&T (2008). Thng bo s 1007/TB-BGDT v Kt lun ca Ph Th tng,

B trng Nguyn Thin Nhn ti Hi ngh ton quc v cht lng gio dc

i hc, ngy 05 thng 01 nm 2008.

L Vn Ho (2004a). Chu trnh pht trin gi tr: l thuyt v ng dng vo qun l

i hc. K yu Hi tho Cc gii php c bn nng cao cht lng gio dc

i hc. Trng H S phm Tp. HCM.

L Vn Ho (2004b). T chc Hi ng trng ti cc trng i hc thuc BangBritish Columbia, Canada. K yu Hi tho Xy dng v pht trin Hi ng

trng cc trng i hc Vit Nam. Vin Nghin cu gio dc Tp HCM.

Olsen, B. E. (2004). The Value Creation Cycle: Introducing a Model for Strategic

Management in Knowledge-based Organizations. Tham lun ti Hi tho

Nng cao nng lc qun l nm 2004. Trng i hc Thy sn.

Phm Quang Sng (2004).Xu hng i mi v cc iu kin m bo cht lng

gio dc i hc hin nay ca chng ta. Tp ch Gio dc, 80 (3).

Phm Thnh Ngh (2000). Qun l cht lng gio dc i hc. NXB H Quc gia

H Ni.

Piper, D.W. (1993). Quality management in universities (Vol.1). Canberra: Australian

Government Publishing Service.


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THAM LUN 1:

TNG CNG HOT NG HP TC QUC T TI

TRNG I HC NHA TRANG

PGS. TS. Nguyn Th Kim Anh

I. T VN

Hp tc quc t l qu trnh tm kim v chia s nhng ngun lc c tnh chtb sung nhm t c mc tiu ca cc bn tham gia hp tc v qu trnhny c thc hin vt ra ngoi bin gii quc gia. Trc kia, nu hp tcc xem l mt nhn t h tr qu trnh pht trin ca mt quc gia hayt chc, th ngy nay, trong m hnh cc yu t ngun lc cn thit phttrin gi tr ca mt t chc, chng ta khng nh rng: hp tc l mt ngunlc pht trin.

Tht vy, xt t gc nhn ca mt trng i hc, y mnh hot ng hptc quc t thc cht l tng cng ngun lc pht trin nh trng, b sungthm mt ngun lc ti chnh v ngun nhn lc ng k thc hin thnhcng s mng v chin lc ca nh trng. Hay ni c th hn, hot nghp tc quc t gp phn:

Nng cao trnh i ng cn b gio vin.

Tng cng c s vt cht cho nh trng. Xy dng, trin khai ng dng cc hng hin i trong o to v

nghin cu khoa hc, i mi v ci tin h thng, qui trnh o to,kt hp nghin cu khoa hc vi o to.

Tch ly kinh nghim tin tin v qun l gio dc.

Gp phn nng cao cht lng o to v nghin cu khoa hc.

Hp tc quc t gip trng i hc hot ng hiu qu hn v khai thc

c li ch to ra t h thng chui gi tr kin thc gia tng ton cu, do ,gip tng cng v tr v uy tn ca nh trng v gip xc nh tm nhn cngnh nhng bc i mang tnh chin lc pht trin nh trng trongtng lai.

t c ngha , hot ng hp tc quc t trong nh trng thnggn vi cc phng thc khai thc kinh nghim quc t, tn dng cc tin bkhoa hc cng ngh, quy trnh v phng php o to v NCKH cng nhngun vin tr ca cc t chc quc t v cc nc pht trin nh trng.

C th khng nh rng hp tc quc t v ang tr thnh cu ni gip nhtrng nhanh chng hi nhp vi khu vc v th gii.


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II. THC TRNG HOT NG HP TC QUC T CA TRNG IHC NHA TRANG TRONG NHNG NM GN Y

II.1 Mt mnh

Trong thi gian qua, Nh trng pht trin quan h v hp tc vinhiu t chc quc t, t chc phi chnh ph v cc trng/vin, vi tnh chtv mc hp tc khc nhau, v ni dung hp tc a dng, phong ph nh:

C cn b, sinh vin i o to nc ngoi.

Tip nhn ti tr quc t trin khai cc hot ng o to vNCKH cng nh xy dng c s vt cht cho nh trng.

C cc on tham quan trao i kinh nghim nc ngoi.

Tham d cc hi tho, hi ngh quc t.

Tip n chuyn gia v cc on quc t tham quan trao i kinhnghim v o to v nghin cu khoa hc.

Tip nhn gio vin tnh nguyn nc ngoi

Cc hnh thc hp tc trao i ny to ra tc ng cng hng rt ln,gip i hc Nha Trang tng bc xy dng nn tng vng chc tip tcpht huy hot ng hp tc quc t trong tng lai. C th ni, y l nhngn lc rt ln tip tc m rng v a hp tc quc t thc s tr thnh

th mnh ca Trng. Bc u c nhng hot ng lm cho th gii hiu thm v hnh

nh, tim nng ca nh trng. Hot ng hp tc quc t khng ch dng li bc tip nhn v khai thc hiu qu m bt u chuyn sang giai onch ng tm kim v thit lp quan h. Thc t chng minh trong sut banm qua, Trng phi hp vi cc Khoa v Phng ban ch ng xy dngthnh cng cc knh quan h mi da trn nn tng cc mi quan h sn cvi cc i tc truyn thng chin lc nh NORAD.

II.2. Mt yu

Mc d hot ng hp tc quc t bc u em li mt s ktqu thit thc phc v cho s nghip pht trin ca nh trng, nhng nhnchung, vn tn ti mt s mt yu cn phi khc phc c th pht huy ttth mnh v tn dng c hi mang li t qu trnh hp tc quc t:

Hiu qu hot ng hp tc quc t cha cao.

Quy m cha c m rng cho nhiu khoa, vin, trung tm.

Cha p ng c nhu cu b sung ngun lc cho nh trng.


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Nguyn nhn ca nhng tn ti trn ch yu l:

Thiu mt chin lc hp tc quc t di hn, ton din v mangtnh kh thi.

Thiu cc la chn u tin hp l, cha xc nh cc i tc chinlc nn vic ch o cn gp kh khn, cha ch ng.

Cha tranh th ti a s h tr ca cc b, ngnh hu quan chocng tc hp tc quc t.

Hot ng hp tc quc t pht trin cha ng u gia cc Khoa/Vin/Trung tm trong trng.

Cng tc o to, bi dng i ng cn b lm cng tc hp tcquc t c quan tm, nhng cha p ng c nhng i

hi bc bch hin nay ca xu th hi nhp v cnh tranh, thiu kinhnghim dn n hn ch v nng lc cng tc.

Thiu vn i ng, ch yu trng ch vo ti tr ca bn lm hnch rt nhiu hiu qu hp tc.

Nhn thc v cng tc hp tc quc t cha y , xem y ch ltrch nhim ca nh trng, ca phng Khoa hc cng ngh - Hptc quc t nn hn ch tnh ch ng v hiu qu ca cc hotng hp tc quc t.

i ng cn b gio vin c o to nc ngoi cha ch ngpht huy vai tr cu ni gia nh trng v cc t chc quc t.

III. C HI V THCH THC

III.1 C hi

Trong xu th ton cu ha v hi nhp ngy cng su rng trn milnh vc ca i sng kinh t, vn ha v x hi, hi nhp trong lnh vc giodc ngy cng pht trin mnh m v dn i vo chiu su. iu ny n t

c hai pha, tuy nhin, th hin r nht nhng thnh qu t c vnhng chnh sch cc cp a ra nhm mang li khung php l thngthong to iu kin pht trin hot ng hp tc quc t cp vin trng:

Nhng thng li trn mt trn ngoi giao ca t nc ta, Vit nampht trin mnh m quan h i ngoi, tham gia tch cc vo i sngquc t.

Thnh cng ca cng cuc i mi v ng li i ngoi rng mca ng v Nh nc khch l s pht trin su rng quan h hptc quc t trong gio dc.


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B gio dc v o to tng bc th ch ha cc chnh sch, quynh mi nhm tng tnh ch ng cho cc nh trng trong hp tcquc t.

Cc nc pht trin ngy cng xem Vit Nam l i tc chin lc

trong khu vc Chu v ASEAN hp tc pht trin, v mt trongnhng u tin hp tc h tr l hng vo ngnh gio dc.

III.2 Thch thc

Tuy nhng c hi hp tc mang li cho ngnh gio dc ni chung vtrng i hc ni ring l rt ln, song vn tn ti mt s thch thc trongqu trnh ny m nu khng c nhn nhn tha ng, nhng mt bt cp cth lm hn ch ng k nhng li ch mang li t qu trnh hp tc:

Xu th chuyn t vin tr nhn o sang vin tr pht trin i hi chai pha i tc u cng phi n lc huy ng tim nng, ngun lc pht trin. Trn thc t, nh trng cha c ngun vn ring ln tham gia hot ng hp tc quc t.

Cc i tc nc ngoi thng mun tip tc u t cho nhngtrng/vin ang thc hin cc d n, khng ho hng u t chonhng n v bt u t con s khng hoc im xut pht thp.

Trong tnh hnh quc t mi, Vit Nam cha kp hon thin mt c ch

hu hiu iu hnh v qun l cng tc quan h hp tc quc t.Trn c s phn tch im mnh, im yu, c hi v thch thc i vi cngtc hp tc quc t ca Trng i hc Nha Trang, mt kt lun c th crt ra l c hi hp tc quc t ca Trng l khng thiu, kh nng ni tica Trng pht trin cc hot ng ny l kh cao, tuy nhin, vn tra y l Nh trng vn cn thiu nhng chnh sch ph hp chuynha sc mnh tim nng thnh hin thc v thiu nhng c ch gn ktcc thnh vin vo mc tiu v li ch chung ca Trng. Chnh v vy,

nghim tc nhn nhn li chnh mnh v phc tho li quy trnh chin lc chohot ng hp tc quc t ca Trng l iu hon ton c ngha trong bicnh hin nay.

IV. PHC THO MC TIU V GII PHP Y MNH HOT NG HPTC QUC T CA TRNG I HC NHA TRANG

IV.1 Mc tiu

Mc tiu tng qut

Nng cao hiu qu cc hot ng hp tc quc t, gp phn tng cngngun lc tng hp trong qu trnh thc hin cc mc tiu chin lc ca mt


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Trng i hc a ngnh; m rng cc hot ng hp tc lm cho hot ngo to v nghin cu khoa hc ca Trng i hc Nha Trang tip cn vha nhp vi th gii; tng cng v th v uy tn ca nh trng trn trngquc t.

Mc tiu c th

Cc hot ng hp tc quc t ca nh trng nhm t c cc mc tiuc th sau:

y mnh vic xy dng cc d n nghin cu chung, cc chngtrnh o to chung trn c s ch ng tm kim pht trin quan hhp tc ca cc Khoa v Vin.

Ci tin chng trnh, bi ging/gio trnh t trnh tin tin trong

khu vc v th gii; i mi phng php ging dy gn lin vinng cao trnh gio vin; to iu kin cho gio vin v sinh vinca HNT c nhiu c hi tip cn vi cc nc tin tin trong khuvc v th gii.

ng gp tch cc cho vic i mi v hin i ha c s vt chtthit b phc v cho vic ging dy v nghin cu khoa hc theo nhucu x hi.

Tip tc khai thc v tn dng cc ngun tr gip bng hc bng

c gio vin v sinh vin gii i o to nc ngoi, phn uthc hin theo t l 2-1, ngha l c 3 ngi c c i o to th 2 trong nc, 1 c o to nc ngoi.

Khuyn khch cc Khoa/Vin/Trung tm lin kt vi cc i tc ncngoi, to iu kin thun li cho vic trao i thng tin, t chc cchi ngh, hi tho quc t vi cc i tc nc ngoi ti trng.Phn u c 2 nm ng cai t nht 1 hi tho quc t.

Lin doanh xy dng mt c s o to/ mt trung tm quc t c

uy tn ti Trng i hc Nha Trang.

IV.2 Gii php

t c cc mc tiu trn mt cch hiu qu, tng cng ngun lc vy mnh hot ng hp tc quc t ca nh trng, cn thc hin cc giiphp chnh sau:

Mt l,ci thin mi trng hp tc quc t thu ht u t v trgip ca nc ngoi. Gii php ny i hi phi c s phi hp gia nhiu

cp v nhiu hot ng chc nng, trong , tp trung vo mt s tiu imchnh nh:


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V pha nh nc/B GD&T, tip tc hon thin c ch, chnhsch nht qun khuyn khch u t v hp tc vi nc ngoi.

V pha nh trng, tng cng cc hot ng qung b, gii thiutrng bng mi hnh thc ph hp lm cho th gii hiu thm v

hnh nh, tim nng ca trng.

i mi phng thc trin khai hot ng khoa hc cng ngh,khuyn khch cc kt qu nghin cu c ng trn cc Tp chkhoa hc quc t c uy tn.

Xy dng nhng chnh sch, quy ch c th cho cng tc i ngoi,cn b lm i ngoi, khen thng kp thi v xng ng ngvin, khuyn khch cc c nhn v n v c thnh tch trong hot

ng hp tc quc t. Hai l, nng cao nhn thc v quan nim v vai tr v tc dng ca

hot ng hp tc quc t cc cp qun l, cc n v trong ton trng.R rng, li ch mang li t qu trnh hp tc quc t c tc ng lan ta vtt c thnh vin ca t chc u th hng thnh qu t qu trnh ny. Tuynhin, gi tr chung ny nn c truyn t v chia s mi thnh vin thc su sc hn v vai tr ca mnh trong tin trnh pht trin chung . Mttrong nhng gii php c th cn u tin l xc nh r vai tr, nhim v,quyn hn ca cc n v trong vic phi hp vi nh trng y mnhhot ng hp tc quc t.

Ba l,xy dng mt k hoch chin lc hp tc quc t di hn bao

gm cc i tc chin lc, cc chng trnh, ni dung hp tc di hn, trunghn; cc ti hoc cc hng, hnh thc hp tc. Mt k hoch chin lcc tm nhn v kh nng nh hng cao s gip trng c th linh hot trongvic hoch nh v phn b ngun lc trong di hn, pht huy hiu qu hptc v n u nhng c hi hp tc mi, cng nh hn ch nhng muthun li ch tim n trong vic iu hnh ng thi nhiu chng trnh hptc khc nhau.

lm tt cng vic ny, cn c cc nghin cu tnh hnh kinh t, chnh trcng nh kh nng, nh u t ca cc nc, cc t chc quc t, t chcphi chnh ph. Mun vy, nh trng cn ch ng 1 ngun ngn sch nhtnh hng nm cho hot ng ny. Trn c s xc nh ng i tc chinlc c trnh khoa hc v kinh nghim qun l tin tin, c tim lc v tichnh tranh th s gip quc t cho ph hp vi mc ch v kh nngca nc ngoi v ca nh trng.


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Bn l,nng cao nng lc hot ng hp tc quc t ca nh trng. y, cn phi nhn nhn rng nng cao nng lc va l mc tiu cng ngthi l gii php thc y hot ng hp tc quc t hiu qu. im mucht ca gii php nm nhn t con ngi. C th l nng cao nng lc i

ng lm cng tc hp tc quc t. Mun vy, cn thnh lp mt t chuyntrch cng tc hp tc quc t c lp; xy dng mt k hoch tuyn dng,o to, bi dng i ng cn b, chuyn vin lm cng tc hp tc quc t cp trng v cp khoa v chuyn mn, nghip v v c bit ngoi ng p ng nhu cu hp tc quc t hin nay v tng lai.

Tm li,m rng hot ng hp tc v o to, nghin cu khoa hc l

tng cng ngun lc pht trin nh trng, l cu ni gip Trng i hcNha Trang tip cn v ha nhp vi th gii. Tuy nhin, mi n lc nhm y

mnh hp tc quc t s khng mang li kt qu thit thc nu nh bn thnhot ng ny ch dng li mc trao i v tm hiu. Mt i ng cc nhnghin cu c nng lc c hnh thnh, mt tp th cc ging vin vchuyn vin lm vic da trn vn tri thc c trang b tt v phng phplm vic khoa hc, v trn ht l nhng th h sinh vin v hc vin t chuncht lng m x hi k vng, tt c cc iu trn chnh l nhng tiu ch rrng nht nh gi s thnh cng ca cc qu trnh hp tc quc t. t c nhng tiu ch , thng thng, nhng chng trnh hp tc c th

v c nh hng chc chn s l gii php c a thch hn so vi cchtip cn hp tc c tnh dn tri v thiu trng im.


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THAM LUN 2:

V XY DNG V TRIN KHAI CC QUYT NH QUN TR

TRONG NH TRNG

TS. L Vn Ho

I. KHI NIM V S CN THIT CA QUYT NH QUN TR

1- Khi nim

N.T.Hi v P.Thng (2001) a ra nh ngha nh sau:

Quyt nh qun tr l hnh vi sng to ca nh qun tr nhm nh ra chngtrnh v tnh cht hot ng ca t chc gii quyt mt vn chnmui, trn c s s hiu bit cc qui lut vn ng khch quan ca h thng

b qun tr v vic phn tch cc thng tin v hin tng ca h thng .Trong thc tin, cc QQT di dng vn bn thng c gi tt l quytnh, thng bo, hay ch th.

2- S cn thit ca QQT

i vi mt t chc, vai tr ca cc QQT l rt quan trng bi cc l do sauy:

- Cc QQT lun lun l trung tm ca cc hot ng qun tr. Hay nicch khc mi hot ng qun tr u phi da trn cc QQT c

ban hnh.- S thnh bi ca t chc ph thuc rt nhiu vo cht lng ca cc

QQT. Mt QQT ti c th dn n s tiu vong ca t chc.

- H thng cc QQT gp phn to nn vn ho ca t chc, l yu tc tnh ngun lc i vi s tn ti v pht trin bn vng ca t chc.

II. CC YU CU I VI QUYT NH QUN TR

1- Yu cu v tnh hp php: Q c a ra trong phm vi thm quyn cat chc hoc c nhn.

2- Yu cu v tnh khoa hc: Q ph hp vi mc tiu v iu kin c thca t chc, vi xu th khch quan v cc nguyn l khoa hc. Q phic la chn theo mt phng n gii quyt vn c tnh ti u.

3- Yu cu v tnh h thng: Q mi khng uc mu thun vi cc Q c nu khng khng nh s ph nh i vi cc Q c.

4- Yu cu v tnh linh hot: Phng n m Q a ra c th tn ti trongiu kin mi trng c s bin ng khng qu ln.

5- Yu cu v tnh c th: Q cn c c th trn tt c cc kha cnh: gii

hn v khng gian v thi gian, i tng v phm vi iu chnh, cch thctin hnh,


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III. CC NGUYN TC RA QUYT NH QUN TR

1- Nguyn tc h thng: Cn xem t chc l mt h thng kinh t-x hi, chus rng buc vi cc t chc khc v t chc cp trn.

2- Nguyn tc kh thi: Cn cn nhc ton din trc khi ra Q: thun li, ri

ro, tnh hiu qu ca cc gii php c la chn.3- Nguyn tc khoa hc: Phng n c chn phi l sn phm ca mt

trnh t xem xt khoa hc, cn c trn cc thng tin chnh xc v y .

4- Nguyn tc dn ch: Cn li cun nhiu ngi tham gia vo qu trnh raQ. i vi nhng vn quan trng, c th cn phi ly kin ca c tchc hoc cc chuyn gia bn ngoi.

5- Nguyn tc kt hp: Q cn hng n gii quyt ng b cc li chtrc mt ln lu di, ton cc ln cc b.

IV. QU TRNH XY DNG QUYT NH QUN TR

1- Xc nh vn :

Xut pht t cc hot ng thc tin hay hin tng v ang din ra trong

t chc, cn ch ra c u l vn cn n QQT gii quyt.V d 1: Qua quan st v tm hiu hin tng nhiu SV n lp tr, rt ravn nhiu SV c thi quen i hc mun

Tr ngi ln nht bc ny l cc b phn tham mu ch thy hin tngm khng nhn ra vn , v v vy khng th tin hnh cc bc tip theohoc xy dng phng n gii quyt s vic khng trng.

2- Xc nh tiu ch nh gi phng n:

gip cho vic la chn c phng n tt nht gii quyt vn

giai on sau, cn phi xc nh trc cc tiu ch nh gi. Cc tiu ch nyphn nh mc tiu m t chc mong mun v vic gii quyt vn .

V d 2: Cc tiu ch i vi phng n gii quyt vn nhiu SV c thiquen i hc mun l:

- Bo m yu t vn minh ca mi trng s phm

- Tin hnh thun tin

- C th duy tr lu di

3- D kin cc phng n:

XCNH

VN

D KINCC

PHNGN

NH GI,LA CHNPHNG

N

XC NHTIU CHNH GI

PHNG N

RAQUYTNH


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gii quyt mt vn , c th c nhiu phng n vi cc mc hiuqu khc nhau. Cn d kin mt vi phng n t c th chn cphng n ti u.

V d 3: Mt s phng n c th c gii quyt vn nhiu SV c thi

quen i hc mun l:- Ban cn s lp v BCH chi on tng cng im danh u bui (

nhn xt kt qu rn luyn ca SV)

- i Thanh nin xung kch Trng khng cho SV i hc mun vo lp

- Kho cc cng ging ng sau khi c chung vo lp

- Yu cu GV khng cho SV i hc mun vo lp

4- nh gi, la chn phng n:

y l bc then cht nht ca vic ra QQT, bi mt phng n km

hiu qu c chn s dn n s tht bi ca QQT . Trc khi la chnra mt hoc t hp mt vi phng n, cn thit phi:

- i chiu cc phng n vi cc tiu ch nh gi c ra bc 2

- Xem xt k lng cc yu t nh hng n QQT c a ra

- Hnh dung trc cc tc ng c th c t QQT

V d 4: Kt qu i chiu cc phng n V d 3 vi cc tiu ch nh gi V d 2:

Phng n / Tiu ch

Bo myu t vn

minh

Tin hnhthun tin

C thduy trlu di

Ban cn s lp v BCH chi ontng cng im danh u bui

x x x

i TNXK Trng khng cho SVi hc mun vo lp

x x

Kho cc cng ging ng saukhi c chung vo lp

x x

Yu cu GV khng cho SV i hcmun vo lp

x x x

5- Ra quyt nh:

QQT c xy dng da trn phng n ti u hoc t hp mt s phngn c ngh.

V d 5: gii quyt vn nhiu SV c thi quen i hc mun nh trn,b phn chc nng c th tham mu lnh o trng ra thng bo vi nidung yu cu GV khng cho SV i hc mun vo lp, ng thi ngh ontrng ch o cc BCH chi on cc lp tng cng im danh v xt imrn luyn i vi hnh vi i hc mun.


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V. QU TRNH THC HIN QUYT NH QUN TR

1- Lp k hoch thc hin quyt nh:

K hoch thc hin QQT c th c lng ghp trong vn bn Q hocc xy dng sau . Trong k hoch cn nu r: gii hn thc hin vkhng gian v thi gian , phn cng trch nhim i vi c nhn v n v,phng tin v kinh ph thc hin.

2- Tuyn truyn v gii thch quyt nh:

Cn gii thch cho nhng ngi chu s chi phi ca QQT hiu r ngha,tc dng ca Q i vi t chc; v trch nhim, quyn hn, ngha v ca htrong phm vi ca Q l g. QQT cng thnh cng mt khi i tng chu schi phi ca n cng hnh ng theo tinh thn ca Q mt cch t gic vtch cc.

3- Thc hin quyt nh:

Trin khai Q theo k hoch c xy dng, huy ng cc ngun lc cnthit gip vic thc hin t hiu qu cao nht.

4- Kim tra vic thc hin quyt nh:y l mt khu rt ct li ca qu trnh thc hin QQT bi cc l do: gipnng cao tnh trch nhim ca cc i tng chu s chi phi ca Q, kp thiiu chnh nhng lch lc so vi k hoch, kp thi b sung cc ngun lc cnthit.

5- iu chnh quyt nh:

Trong qu trnh thc hin mt QQT, c khi phi iu chnh li Q bi ccl do sau:

- Tc ng khch quan lm thay i mi trng hot ng- Xut hin nhng kh nng mi gip mang li hiu qu cng vic caohn

- Pht hin ra sai lm nghim trng trong bn thn Q

6- S kt hoc tng kt vic thc hin quyt nh:

y l mt khu rt quan trng nhng li t c ch trong qu trnh thchin cc QQT. Thi hiu ca mt QQT c th di hoc ngn. Nu di thnh k s kt, nu ngn th tin hnh tng kt sau khi kt thc. Thng qua skt hoc tng kt, c th rt ra nhng bi hc kinh nghim, xc nh nhng g

lm c v cha lm c, tm ra nguyn nhn ca thnh cng ln thtbi.

RAQUYTNH

TUYNTRUYNV GII

THCHQ

THCHINQ

KIM TRAVIC

THC

HIN Q

LP KHOCH

THC HIN

Q

IUCHNH

Q

(nuc n)

S KT/TNGKTVIC

THCHIN Q


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TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Nguyn Thanh Hi & Phan Thng (2001). Qun tr hc. NXB Thng k.

[2] on Th Thu H & Nguyn Th Ngc Huyn (ch bin, 2002).Gio trnhqun tr hc. NXB Ti chnh, H Ni.

[3] Queensland Ombudsman (2003). An easy guide to good administrativedecision-making (From: www.ombudsman.qld.gov.au/publications/documents).

[4] North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. Shared decision-makingprocess. (From: www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/ issues/envrnmnt/).

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