NAMIBIA SENIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE GEOGRAPHY … · 110161 723060. 2 4332/1/13 SECTION A: PHYSICAL WORLD Answer one question from Section A. 1 (a) Study the diagram in Fig. 1, which

NAMIBIA SENIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

GEOGRAPHY ORDINARY LEVEL 4332/1PAPER 1 2 hours

Marks 75 2013

Additional Materials: Answer Book

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES

• Write your answers and working in the separate answer book provided.• Write your Centre Number, Candidate Number and Name on all the work you hand in.• Write in dark blue or black pen.• You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.• Donotusecorrectionfluid.

• Answer three questions, one from each section.

• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.• All work must be clearly shown.

This document consists of 10 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

Republic of NamibiaMINISTRY OF EDUCATION

[Turn over© MoE/DNEA 4332/1/13

ORDINARY LEVEL

11

01

61

723060

2

4332/1/13

SECTION A: PHYSICAL WORLD

Answer one question from Section A.

1 (a) Study the diagram in Fig. 1, which shows how the load of a river is transported.

A

B

C

Fig. 1

(i) What is meant by river load? [1](ii) Name the three methods of transporting the load which are labelled

A, B and C on Fig. 1. (Write A, B and C as a list). [3](iii) Levels of energy change as the river moves from source to mouth.

A State the method of transport that will operate only when river energy levels are high.

B State the ways in which river load will change from source to mouth and give reasons for the change. [5]

(iv) When a river loses energy, it will drop or deposit some of the material it is carrying. Give reasons for the loss of energy. [5]

(b) In the upper course, the river has a lot of potential energy. This energy causes vertical erosion. Describe and explain how a waterfall is formed. [5]

(c) By referring to an example you have studied, describe the formation of deltas. [6]

[25]

723060

4332/1/13 [Turn over

3

2 (a) Weathering is responsible for the break down of rock material so that it can be removed more easily.(i) Distinguish between physical (mechanical) weathering and erosion. [2]

(ii) Why is weathering more rapid in tropical than in temperate areas? [3](b) Look at Table 1, which gives information about very strong earthquakes in

Indonesia since 1960.

Table 1

years number of very strong earthquakes

approximate number of deaths from earthquakes

in Indonesia

1960 - 69 1 70

1970 - 79 0 5 000

1980 - 89 0 0

1990 - 99 1 2 500

2000 - 04 4 228 120

2004 - 09 9 12 100

(i) Was there a relationship between the earthquake strength and the number of deaths in Indonesia between 1960 and 2009? Support your answer with evidence from Table 1. [3]

(ii) Indonesia lies along a destructive plate boundary. Describe how this explains the occurrence of earthquakes in Indonesia. [3]

(iii) Whatproblemsare facedby rescueservices in thefirst fewdaysafteradestructive earthquake? [4]

(iv) Explain why the effects of earthquakes are generally less harmful in more economically developed countries than in less economically developed countries. [4]

723060

4

4332/1/13

(c) Fig. 2 is a diagram which illustrates how the three main factors, latitude, local geography (distance from large bodies of water, ocean currents, etc.) and elevation(altitude)influencestheannualtemperatureofaplace.

Latitude

Local Geography

Elevation

Fig. 2

For each of latitude and elevation describe:

(i) how temperatures change; [3](ii) whythesefactorsinfluencetemperature. [3]

[25]

723060

4332/1/13 [Turn over

5

SECTION B: ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND THE USE OF RESOURCES

Answer one question from Section B.

3 (a) Fig.3showshowmoderntechnologyisappliedinthefishingindustry.

Satellites

Drift nets

Sonar

Specialised radar

Fig. 3

(i) Refer to Fig. 3 and explain how the use of modern technology can lead to over-fishing. [3]

(ii) Nameanddescribestrategiesforasustainablewayofharvestingfishfromthe oceans. [5]

(iii) What might prevent these strategies from being successful? [2](iv) TheEtaleFishingcompanydeliversmostlyhake(ademersalfish)

to customers. 1 What do you understand by the term demersal fish? [1] 2 Namethemethodusedtoexploitdemersalfish. [1]

(v) DescribethefactorswhichhaveattractedfishingcompaniesliketheEtaleFishingCompany toWalvisbay, amajor centreof the fishing industry inNamibia. [5]

(b) Namibia is a dry country which experiences a scarcity of water.(i) Name two ways in which water quality can be improved. [2](ii) Discuss methods of managing water resources to ensure sustainable

utilisation of water for agricultural, domestic and industrial purposes in Namibia. [6]

[25]

723060

6

4332/1/13

4 (a) StudyFig.4,whichshowsinformationabouttheworldconsumptionofthefivemain commercial sources of energy from 1980 to 2000.

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

080 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00

Key: Oil Natural Gas Nuclear Energy Hydro Electricity Coal

Mill

ion

tonn

es o

il eq

uiva

lent

Years

Fig. 4

(i) Over the period shown in Fig. 4, name the energy source with the

1 - highest consumption,

2 - lowest consumption. [2]

(ii) Describe the pattern of energy consumption shown in Fig. 4. [3](iii) Future energy supplies can be ensured either by greater energy conservation

or by increased use of alternative energy sources. Describe the growing significanceofhydro-electricityschemestoreducedependenceonfossilfuels. [5]

(iv) Name any major hydro-electric power scheme in Southern Africa. [1](v) Suggest different factorswhichwould influence the location of a hydro-

electric power scheme. [5](vi) Explainwhycoal-firedpowerstationscontributetoglobalwarming. [4]

(b) Tourism is important in Namibia. How can it be developed so that it is sustainable? [5]

[25]

723060

4332/1/13 [Turn over

7

SECTION C: POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT

5 (a) StudytheflowdiagraminFig.5.

Rural-urban migration Lack of economic growth in the country

Cities full of people

Many people seeking work

High rates of unemployment

Shortage of low-cost housing

Growth of informal settlements

Fig. 5

Explainhowtheflowdiagramshowsthatpovertyresultsinthegrowthofinformal settlements. [2]

723060

8

4332/1/13

(b) The photograph below shows part of an informal settlement in India.

(i) Describe the main features of the houses and the layout of the settlement. [5](ii) Explain why educating girls and women in informal settlements in LEDCs

may result in an improved standard of living. [5] (c) Suggest reasons for the high birth rate in LEDCs such as India. [3](d) HIV/AIDS increases the death rate in some developing countries. Explain what

can be done by governments to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. [5](e) Explain the problems that over-population might cause for the people and the

natural environment of a region. [5]

[25]

723060

4332/1/13

9

6 (a) Study Fig. 6, which shows the layout of an urban area.

0 200

metres

N

Station

H

D

Market

P DD

D

D

D

D

T

RR

RPHP

RR

M

Station

Factories, workshopwarehouse

D = Department store Pedestrians per hourH = Shopping area/theatres/restaurants 4000M = Multistorey car park 3000P = Pedestrian precinct 2000R = Restaurants and cafés 1000T = Town Hall 500

= Roundabout

Fig. 6

(i) In the vicinity of which letter on Fig. 6 are most pedestrians found? [1](ii) Name the urban land-use zone in Fig. 6 in which the greatest number of

pedestrians are found and use information from the map to explain their presence there. [3]

(iii) Describe the possible problems associated with the CBD of an urban area liketheoneinFig.6andhowtheyinfluencethepeoplelivingthere. [6]

723060

10

4332/1/13

(b) StudyFig.7,basedonanewspaperarticleabouttrafficinAuckland,NewZealand.

No contest as bikes hit heavy traffic

TRANSPORT: Cars, buses and bikes raced to the city in the rush hour challenge. Pedal power ruled.In the Auckland Commuter Challenge, four sets of cyclists, car drivers and buses raced into the centre of Auckland.Cyclists left car drivers behind yesterday as they pedalled their bikesthroughAuckland'sslowtrafficin the morning rush hour.The cyclists were quickest with an average time of 26 minutes 51 seconds. This is the latest demonstrationofAuckland'strafficcrisis, says Cycle Action Auckland, which organised the event.About 6 per cent of commuters travel by bike or foot, 7 per cent by public transport and the rest in their cars.Trafficcongestionisgettingworseas 3 per cent more cars each year are using roads that have not been significantlyimproved.Tuesday's announcement of a $1.6 billion funding package to improve the road network is hoped to get Auckland moving.

1 North

30:50

35:38

54:44

2 South

28:04

27:37

45:35

3 East

24:40

30:19

68:59

4 West

23:49

32:35

43:25

Key: 43:25 = 43 minutes 25 seconds

seaTakapuna

Glendowie

Mangere Bridge

New Lynn

City Centre

N

0 5km

4

2

X3

1

Fig. 7

(i) How do the results of the “rush hour challenge” reported in Fig. 7 show that thereistrafficcongestioninAuckland? [3]

(ii) Explainwhytrafficcongestionisaprobleminmanylargeurbanareas. [5](iii) For a named urban area, describe the attempts which have been made to

solvetheproblemoftrafficcongestion. [7]

[25]

723060

11

4332/1/13

BLANK PAGE

723060

12

4332/1/13

BLANK PAGE

723060