Names & Formulas of Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds are named using the names of the ions that compose them. To name an ionic compound: Cation name followed by anion name Learn the names and formulas of the ions in your syllabus. The following slides explain the systematic way that ions are named.
Names & Formulas of Ionic Compounds. Ionic compounds are named using the names of the ions that compose them. To name an ionic compound: Cation name followed by anion name Learn the names and formulas of the ions in your syllabus. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Names & Formulas of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds are named using the names of the ions that compose them.
To name an ionic compound:
Cation name followed by anion name
Learn the names and formulas of the ions in your syllabus.The following slides explain the
systematic way that ions are named.
Naming Cations
Cations formed from metal ions have the same name as the metal.
K+ potassium ionCa2+ calcium ionAl3+ aluminum ion
Naming Cations
Cations with varying charges
the charge of the specific cation is given by Roman numeral in parentheses after the name of the metal
Fe2+ iron (II) ionFe3+ iron (III) ionCu+ copper (I) ionCu2+ copper (II) ion
Naming Cations
One common polyatomic cation found in ionic compounds
NH4+ ammonium ion
Note: Compounds whose formulas start with NH4 are ionic even though they are composed only of non-metals.
Naming Anions
Monoatomic anions
drop the ending of the element’s nameadd “ide”
N nitrogen O oxygen
N3- O2-nitride oxide
Naming Anions
Some simple polyatomic anions use the “ide” ending as well
OH- hydroxideCN- cyanideO2
2- peroxide
Naming Oxyanions
Oxyanions (polyatomic anions containing oxygen) have names ending in:“ate” most common
oxyanionof the element
“ite” same charge, 1 less oxygen
NO3- nitrate SO4
2- sulfateNO2
- nitrite SO32- sulfite
CO32- carbonate PO4
3- phosphatePO3
3- phosphite
Oxyanions (cont.)
Some elements like the halogens can form more than two oxyanions:
“per” 1 more O than the “ate” oxyanion“hypo” 1 less O than the “ite” oxyanion
ClO4- perchlorate
ClO3- chlorate
ClO2- chlorite
ClO- hypochlorite
Oxyanions Anions derived by adding H+ to an oxyanion:
add “hydrogen” or “dihydrogen” as prefix to oxyanion name
CO32- carbonate
HCO3- hydrogen carbonate
(usually called bicarbonate)
PO43- phosphate
H2 PO4- dihydrogen phosphate
Naming Ionic Compounds
Name ionic compounds using cation name followed by anion name