1 Name _______________ Per. _________ Biology Homework Chapter 5: The Cell Pages 115 - 133 Answer the questions with complete thoughts! * Sections 5.1 through 5.3: Cells Are the Units of Life : Read pages 115 to 122 PART A : Define the terms. Cytology _______________________________________________________________________________________ Microscope _____________________________________________________________________________________ Prokaryotic cell _________________________________________________________________________________ Eukaryotic cell __________________________________________________________________________________ Organelle ______________________________________________________________________________________ PART B : 1. In your own words explain this statement. “Cells are the basic unit of life”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Define the terms and give an example of each: UNICELLULAR organism ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ MULTICELLULAR organism ______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. State the CELL THEORY. (2 main ideas) ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Summarize the achievements of: a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek _______________________________________________________________________ b. Robert Hooke _________________________________________________________________________________ c. Schleiden and Schwann _________________________________________________________________________ d. Rudolph Virchow_______________________________________________________________________________ 5. How have the use of stains and dyes helped biologist to understand the structure of the cell? __________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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1
Name _______________
Per. _________ Biology Homework Chapter 5: The Cell
Pages 115 - 133 Answer the questions with complete thoughts!
* Sections 5.1 through 5.3: Cells Are the Units of Life: Read pages 115 to 122 PART A: Define the terms.
PART B: 1. In your own words explain this statement. “Cells are the basic unit of life”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Define the terms and give an example of each: UNICELLULAR organism ________________________________________________________________________
MULTICELLULAR organism ______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. State the CELL THEORY. (2 main ideas) ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Summarize the achievements of: a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek _______________________________________________________________________
b. Robert Hooke _________________________________________________________________________________
c. Schleiden and Schwann _________________________________________________________________________
d. Rudolph Virchow_______________________________________________________________________________
5. How have the use of stains and dyes helped biologist to understand the structure of the cell? __________________
6. Draw and label the 3 basic regions of a cell, (cell membrane, cytoplasm & nuclear region) 7. Compare the Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes by writing “yes or no” below.
Characteristic PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES NUCLEUS
DNA ORGANELLES*
PRIMITIVE STRUCTURES (*)Present in almost all organisms PART C: 1. Read, study and know pages 115 - 122. Answer questions 3 through 5 in the CONCEPT REVIEW on page 122. Answer the questions in complete intelligent answers. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Possible Essay: 1. At one time people believed that organisms could be formed spontaneously from nonliving matter. Evaluate (respond to) this belief in light of the cell theory. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ * Sections 5.4 and 5.5: Cell Structure: Read pages 122 - 124 PART A: Define the terms in your own words. Cell Wall ______________________________________________________________________________________
Read, study and know pages 122 - 124. Answer questions 1 through 3 in the CONCEPT REVIEW on page 124. Answer the questions in complete intelligent answers. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ Possible Essays: 1. Between which cell types is the difference greater – plant and animal cells, or between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Give reasons to support your answer. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. In mammals, cells that produce movement (e.g. muscle cells) are found to have many more mitochondria than do some other cells in the body. What might be the explanation for this observation? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
PART B: Refer to the demonstration performed by Ms. B for questions 1 and 2 below: 1. Make a prediction (hypothesis) about what you think will happen to the mass (grams) of the egg when placed in distilled water overnight. * Support your prediction with a scientific explanation and a colored drawing, and key below! Hint: use terms such as, diffusion and water concentration. You must record mass data too. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Final Change in mass (g) __________________ NEXT DAY: 2. Following the Demonstration answer questions a and b below: a) Briefly explain why the egg mass changed the way it did when left in distilled water overnight. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
b) What do you think will happen to the egg mass if it were to be put into salt water overnight? Please include a drawing. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
PART C: 1. Discuss how the cell membrane is like or (analogous to) a screen door. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Draw and label the cell membrane. Be sure to include: phospholipids, transport proteins, cholesterol molecules, and cell surface marker “ID tags”. (See Figure 5.12, page 127) * Sections 5.9 through 5.11: Read pages 128 - 132 PART A: Define the terms. Chromosomes ___________________________________________________________________________________
Cellular reproduction _____________________________________________________________________________ PART B: 1. How does the size of a cell affect the rate of diffusion?
7. Give two unique characteristics of malignant tumors (cancer cells). _______________________________________________________________________________________________
PART C: 1. If a cell has 15 chromosomes in the nucleus during the G1 phase, how many chromosomes will it have during G2? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. If a cell has 20 chromosomes in the nucleus at the end of the S phase, how many chromosomes did it have during
1. What are the five rules for proper microscope storage? 2. Describe the proper way to carry a microscope. 3. Explain why a microscope must be carried as described in #2. 4. Describe how to make a wet mount slide. 5. When should the coarse focus knob be used in adjusting a microscope? 6. When should the fine focus knob be used in adjusting a microscope? 7. What is the purpose of the diaphragm? 8. List all the steps involved when focusing on a specimen.