Nabaa (2)

University of DiyalaCollage of EngineeringCommunication.dept

MicroprocessorBy:

Riyam Abdul-jabbarAula Maad

Nabaa Badee

Agenda O MicroprocessorO Microprocessor is importantO Microprocessor ComponentO Application of MicroprocessorO Types of MicroprocessorO Can we use multi Microprocessor in

PC?O Register types

WHAT IS MICROPOCESSOR?

OMicroprocessors are integrated electrical circuits that are capable of carrying out the instructions of a computer software application or program. These electrical circuits receive instructions from the application or program, interpret these instructions and execute an action or set of actions, based upon what the instructions call for.

Why is a Microprocessor Important?

O A device that uses a microprocessor is normally capable of many functions, such as word processing, calculation, and communication via Internet or telephone. However, for the device to work properly, the microprocessor itself has to communicate with other parts of the device. For example, a microprocessor would need to communicate with the video display to control the output data that a program may produce. Therefore, a microprocessor would act as device's "brain" in that it transmits, receives and interprets the data needed to operate a device.

Microprocessor

OCPU etched on a chipOChip size is ¼ x ¼ inchOComposed of siliconOContains millions of transistors

O Electronic switches that can allow current to pass through

Microprocessor Components

O Bus interface unit]O Data & instruction cache memoryO Instruction decoderO Arithmetic-Logic unitO Floating-point unitO Control unit

Registers

Registers

Microprocessor

InstructionCache

Arithmetic& Logic

Unit

ControlUnitBus

InterfaceUnit

DataCache

InstructionDecoder

I/O

RAM

MemoryBus

SystemBus

FloatingPointUnit

Applications of Microprocessor

1. General purpose applicationi) Single board micro computersii) ii) Personal Computersiii) iii) Super Minis and CADiv)2. Special purpose application.v) i) Instrumentationvi)ii) Controlvii)iii) Communicationviii)iv) Office Automation and Publication

Types of Microprocessors

IntelO PentiumO Celeron O Xeon and Itanium

Intel-compatible

O CyrixO AMD

Types of Microprocessors

O PowerPCO Cooperative efforts of Apple, IBM, and MotorolaO Used in Apple Macintosh family of PCsO Found in servers and embedded systems

O AlphaO Manufactured by CompaqO High-end servers and workstations

CAN WE USE MULTI MICROPROCESSOR IN PC? O PCs have dual-core central processors

(CPU). That's one chip with two complete microprocessors on it, both sharing one path to memory and peripherals.

ODoes we can use many M P in computerOWe can not use more than a

microprocessor in the computer because everything that I said the number control units quality and speed of work

RegistersSpecial-purpose

High-speedTemporary storageLocated inside CPU

Instruction register

Holds instruction currently being executed

Data register

Holds data waiting to be processed

Holds results from processing

O