N. Vana and M. Hajek Mobile communications and health 1 Mobile communications and health N. Vana and M. Hajek Mobile communications and health Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Funk (WBF) expert forum, Austria Norbert Vana Vienna University of Technology Vienna, 20 September 2012, original version in german
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N. Vana and M. Hajek Mobile communications and health 1Mobile communications and healthN. Vana and M. Hajek
Mobile communications and healthWissenschaftlicher Beirat Funk (WBF) expert forum, Austria
Norbert Vana
Vienna University of Technology
Vienna, 20 September 2012, original version in german
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Background
• The Scientific Advisory Board of Telecommunication (Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Funk, WBF) was established in February 2004 by Austrian scientists wanting to hold objective public debates on the possible impact of mobile communications on human health.
• The WBF is the scientific advisory board of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology.
• The WBF is made up of scientists from various medical and technical fields who are involved in applying an interdisciplinary approach to dealing with this issue.
Website: http://www.wbf.or.at/
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Tasks of the WBF
• Independent panel of experts that elects its own members
• Informs the public about current scientific knowledge of mobile communications and health, and advises and supports political decision-makers by providing independent expert information
• Collects, examines and analyses scientific studies and other research work published in recognised specialist media on the effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on human organisms
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Drafting statements
• Examining published studies to ensure they fulfil minimum scientific quality standards
• Discussing qualified works in annual expert forums involving external experts from the fields in question
• Performing further evaluation of works that have been or are the subject of public discussions
• Summarising the content of topics to be discussed and to undergo scientific assessment in the expert forums
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Annual expert forums
• Members of the WBF and external experts draft statements
• In-depth analysis and discussion of the selected works from the point of view of different fields
• Overall assessment is carried out on the basis of a general overview of all relevant studies, not of individual studies or their results
• Joint statement issued by the experts as a specific approved decision
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Quality criteria applied to scientific studies
• The studies must be published in scientific journals following a peer review
• Does the investigation in question prove that the high-frequency electromagnetic fields generated by mobile communications have an impact on human health?
• Minimum quality standards apply for the following areas:- Dosimetry- Statistical significance- Replication of the study’s results- Causality- Adverse effects (negative impact)- Ecological validity
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Quality criteria applied to scientific studies
• Dosimetry- Information on the relevant exposure parameters such as frequency range, wave form, duration of
exposure, SAR, field strength and mean value- Traceability of the study using the description in the protocol- Information about the measuring devices used
• Statistical significance- Sufficient guarantee of generating results compared to simply speculating on a result by chance- Information on the statistical procedure used and standard statistical criteria (e.g. confidence interval,
the p- value)- Incorporating the power of the study e.g. the number of occurrences
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Quality criteria applied to scientific studies
• Replication of the study’s resultsReplicated results are essentially desirable but are not provided in many studies on the impact of mobile communications fields- The objective and protocol must basically remain the same but improvements are possible- Sufficient documentation to make it possible to reproduce the study in another laboratory
• CausalityIs it possible to definitely exclude other variables as the cause of the identified connection?- Documentation on the test and control group- Blinding information on exposure and assessment- Selection mechanisms- Disruptions (confounders)
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Quality criteria applied to scientific studies
• Adverse effects (negative impact)Does the detected effect have an impact on human health?- Is there any proven disturbance to organ functions ?- Recovery after the exposure stops?- Any detriment of the descendants?
• Ecological validityCan the study environment be adequately transferred to real exposure conditions?- Documenting the assessment to enable transparent, reproducible (i.e. reasonable and logically
justifiable) evaluations of the study is crucial
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Final Evaluation
• No decisions can yet be made on the basis of individual studies: all studies performed in the various fields must be taken into consideration in order to characterise the risks
• Studies which do not match the quality criteria were eliminated with justification
• In-depth discussions will be held on the following aspects:- Consistency of the findings- Description of any uncertainties- Description of possible variables
• Conclusive risk assessment is no longer solely a scientific matter: since political evaluations are involved here, decisions must be made about the guiding principles of any assessment
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Scientific Members of the WBF
• Univ.-Prof. DI Dr. Norbert Vana (physics)WBF chairman, Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics
• Univ.-Prof. Dr. Christian Wolf (internal medicine, occupational medicine)WBF vice-chairman, University Hospital for Internal Medicine II, Vienna Medical University
• Univ.-Prof. DDr. Alfred Barth (occupational and organisational psychology)Institute for Occupational and Organisational Psychology at the Health and Life Sciences University study centre in Linz (Institut für Arbeits- and Organisationspsychologie, UMIT-Studienzentrum Linz)
• Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerald Haidinger (social medicine, epidemiology)Epidemiology department, Centre for Public Health, Vienna Medical University
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Scientific Members of the WBF
• Dr. Doris Moser (clinical and health psychology)University Hospital for Neurology, Vienna Medical University
• DI Dr. Georg Neubauer (electrical engineering)Safety & Security division, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology
• Univ.-Prof. DI Dr Karl-Peter Pfeiffer (biostatistics, health economics)• Department for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University; FH
Joanneum
• Prim. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Reinhart Waneck (radiology)• Chairman of the Austrian Association of Senior Hospital Physicians, OSR (Oberster Sanitätsrat, Supreme
Health Council) representative within the WBF
• Univ.-Prof. DDr. Josef Zeitlhofer (neurology)University Hospital for Neurology, Vienna Medical University
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Representatives from public institutions (no voting rights)
• DI Peter ReindlAustrian Regulatory Authority for Broadcasting and Telecommunications (Rundfunk and Telekom Regulierungs-GmbH)
• MinR Dr. Christian Singer Department PT 2 Telecommunications Law, Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology
• DI Dr. Martin RenhardtDepartment III/3 (Department of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices), Medical Devices and Radiation Hygiene, Federal Ministry of Health
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External scientific experts
• Ass.-Prof. Priv.-Doz. Dr.med. Rupert Lanzenberger (neuroscience)Brain researcher and expert in the molecular and functional imaging of the brain, Vienna Medical University
• Prim. Univ. Doz. Dr. Csilla Neuchrist (ENT)Director of the ENT department LK Mistelbach (Lower Austria)
• Prof. Dr. Jürgen Kiefer (biophysics)Centre for Radiation, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Mosgöller (oncology)• University Hospital for Internal Medicine I, Vienna Medical University
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Accepted findings 2012: Introduction
• The information provided is based on the results of scientific works.
• In order to correctly interpret the data, it is important to have an understanding of the quality of the investigations.
• Scientific quality differs from study to study and this was taken into account in the overall assessment. There is an excess of summary articles giving an overview in comparison to original material providing new data.
• The results prepared during the WBF 2012 expert forum are based on 123 studies that were published between February 2011 and January 2012. The scientific quality varied from study to study and this was taken into account in the overall assessment.
• Approximately 700 scientific works have been assessed by the WBF to date.
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Accepted findings 2012
• Mobile communications and the growth of tumours:• From an epidemiological point of view, there is currently no significant, conclusive
evidence on whether or not mobile communication technology causes a risk for cancer.
• Because of the uncertainties of the available study results on the link between the use of mobile communication devices and the development of cancer until now, it is still recommended that mobile telephones are used with care until a sufficiently large number of high-quality studies have been carried out and a conclusive assessment of the potential risk has been made.
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Accepted findings 2012: General information
• Epidemiological studies could provide proof of potential links. Causal links between exposure to mobile telephones and a danger to human health cannot be deduced from epidemiological studies.
• Method-related problems when compiling data are still a major challenge. The main issue here is that many studies still do not apply adequate, accurate methods for exposure-determination.
.• There is only a small amount of new data from original works in comparison to the
data that are often re-used in reviews or meta-analyses.
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Accepted findings 2012: General information
• The WBF recommends that research must be performed in the following areas:
• Further basic research into mechanisms and models• Huge prospective cohort studies• More dosimetric studies on the determination of the amount of energy absorbed
by the human body, focusing on children. Improvement of the current standard procedures is necessary.
• The WBF also recommends that new technologies always be used carefully .