N-Myc regulates expression of the detoxifying enzyme ... · 23/12/2011 · 1 N-Myc regulates expression of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione transferase GSTP1, a marker of poor
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N-Myc regulates expression of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione transferase GSTP1, a
marker of poor outcome in neuroblastoma
Jamie I. Fletcher1, Samuele Gherardi2, Jayne Murray1, Catherine A. Burkhart1,3, Amanda Russell1,
Emanuele Valli2, Janice Smith1, André Oberthuer4, Lesley J. Ashton1, Wendy B. London5, Glenn
M. Marshall1, Murray D. Norris1, Giovanni Perini2, Michelle Haber1.
1Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre
Randwick, NSW, Australia. 2Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 3Current address: Cleveland BioLabs, Inc, Buffalo, New York, USA. 4Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne
and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany. 5Children’s Oncology Group Statistics and Data Center, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Care and
Children’s Hospital Boston, MA, USA.
Running title: Expression and regulation of GSTP1 in neuroblastoma
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
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21. Weinmann AS, Farnham PJ. Identification of unknown target genes of human transcription factors using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Methods. 2002;26:37-47. 22. Wenzel A, Cziepluch C, Hamann U, Schurmann J, Schwab M. The N-Myc oncoprotein is associated in vivo with the phosphoprotein Max(p20/22) in human neuroblastoma cells. EMBO J. 1991;10:3703-12. 23. Peto R, Peto J. Asymptotically efficient rank invariant test procedures. J R Stat Soc A. 1972;135:185-98. 24. London WB, Castleberry RP, Matthay KK, Look AT, Seeger RC, Shimada H, et al. Evidence for an age cutoff greater than 365 days for neuroblastoma risk group stratification in the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:6459-65. 25. Fernandez PC, Frank SR, Wang L, Schroeder M, Liu S, Greene J, et al. Genomic targets of the human c-Myc protein. Genes Dev. 2003;17:1115-29. 26. Porro A, Haber M, Diolaiti D, Iraci N, Henderson M, Gherardi S, et al. Direct and coordinate regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter genes by Myc factors generates specific transcription signatures that significantly affect the chemoresistance phenotype of cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:19532-43. 27. Xue C, Haber M, Flemming C, Marshall GM, Lock RB, MacKenzie KL, et al. p53 determines multidrug sensitivity of childhood neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 2007;67:10351-60. 28. Choi S, Henderson MJ, Kwan E, Beesley AH, Sutton R, Bahar AY, et al. Relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia involving selection of a preexisting drug-resistant subclone. Blood. 2007;110:632-9. 29. Cole SP, Deeley RG. Transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates by MRP1. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2006;27:438-46. 30. Henderson MJ, Haber M, Porro A, Munoz MA, Iraci N, Xue C, et al. ABCC multidrug transporters in childhood neuroblastoma: clinical and biological effects independent of cytotoxic drug efflux. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:1236-51. 31. Morrow CS, Smitherman PK, Townsend AJ. Combined expression of multidrug resistance protein (MRP) and glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) in MCF7 cells and high level resistance to the cytotoxicities of ethacrynic acid but not oxazaphosphorines or cisplatin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998;56:1013-21. 32. Meijerman I, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Combined action and regulation of phase II enzymes and multidrug resistance proteins in multidrug resistance in cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2008;34:505-20. 33. Malynn BA, de Alboran IM, O'Hagan RC, Bronson R, Davidson L, DePinho RA, et al. N-myc can functionally replace c-myc in murine development, cellular growth, and differentiation. Genes Dev. 2000;14:1390-9. 34. Adler V, Yin Z, Fuchs SY, Benezra M, Rosario L, Tew KD, et al. Regulation of JNK signaling by GSTp. EMBO J. 1999;18:1321-34. 35. Yin Z, Ivanov VN, Habelhah H, Tew K, Ronai Z. Glutathione S-transferase p elicits protection against H2O2-induced cell death via coordinated regulation of stress kinases. Cancer Res. 2000;60:4053-7. 36. Bogaards JJ, Venekamp JC, van Bladeren PJ. Stereoselective conjugation of prostaglandin A2 and prostaglandin J2 with glutathione, catalyzed by the human glutathione S-transferases A1-1, A2-2, M1a-1a, and P1-1. Chem Res Toxicol. 1997;10:310-7. 37. Paumi CM, Wright M, Townsend AJ, Morrow CS. Multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 and MRP3 attenuate cytotoxic and transactivating effects of the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)prostaglandin J2 in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Biochemistry. 2003;42:5429-37. 38. Paumi CM, Smitherman PK, Townsend AJ, Morrow CS. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) inhibit transcriptional activation by the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) ligand, 15-deoxy-delta 12,14prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2). Biochemistry. 2004;43:2345-52.
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
39. Michalik L, Desvergne B, Wahli W. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors and cancers: complex stories. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4:61-70. 40. Kim EJ, Park KS, Chung SY, Sheen YY, Moon DC, Song YS, et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activator 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits neuroblastoma cell growth through induction of apoptosis: association with extracellular signal-regulated kinase signal pathway. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;307:505-17. 41. Han SW, Greene ME, Pitts J, Wada RK, Sidell N. Novel expression and function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in human neuroblastoma cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2001;7:98-104.
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
ratio 95% CI P COG-209 Tumor stage 4.6 2.1 to 10.0 <0.001 9.8 3.4 to 28.7 <0.001 Age 2.4 1.1 to 5.1 0.025 2.5 1.1 to 6.1 0.037 MYCN status 1.8 0.9 to 3.6 0.086 2.1 1.0 to 4.1 0.04 GSTP1 expression 2.6 1.2 to 5.5 0.011 2.2 1.0 to 4.8 0.047 Oberthuer Tumor stage 2.7 1.6 to 4.8 <0.001 7.7 2.6 to 23.1 <0.001 Age 0.8 0.4 to 1.4 0.385 1.5 0.6 to 4.1 0.411 MYCN status 2.3 1.3 to 4.1 0.005 4.3 2.1 to 8.9 <0.001 GSTP1 expression 2.0 1.1 to 3.8 0.029 2.3 1.1 to 4.9 0.024
Variables adjusted for in the multivariable analysis included tumor stage (1, 2, 4S vs 3, 4), age at diagnosis (<12 months vs � 12 months), MYCN status (amplified vs non-amplified), and GSTP1 expression (dichotomized at the upper decile low vs high).
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885
Published OnlineFirst December 27, 2011.Cancer Res Jamie I Fletcher, Samuele Gherardi, Jayne Murray, et al. neuroblastomaglutathione transferase GSTP1, a marker of poor outcome in N-Myc regulates expression of the detoxifying enzyme
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Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on December 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1885