NATIONALISM IN INDIA Section 14.4
Mar 26, 2015
NATIONALISM IN INDIASection 14.4
SETTING THE STAGE (453) After World War 1, the
, which controlled India, began to show signs of cracking
This stirred nationalist activity in India
Many upper-class Indians who attended British schools learned European views of and
.
INDIAN NATIONALISM GROWS (453)
Two groups formed to rid India of British rule: Hindu Indian National Congress Muslim League
Though deep divisions existed between the and , they shared
common ground. Both worked toward the goal of
from .
WORLD WAR I INCREASES NATIONALIST ACTIVITY (453)
In return for their military service in WWI, the British promised that would lead to .
The British did not fulfill this promise To curb violence among nationalists, the British
passed the Acts, which allowed the government to protesters without trial for up to .
AMRITSAR MASSACRE (453-454) To protest the Rowlatt Acts, Hindus and
Muslims gathered to Amritsar They intended to , , and listen to
political speeches The British commander believed they were
openly defying a ban on public meetings He ordered his troops to fire on the crowd. The shooting lasted about minutes
and killed Indians This massacre turned many loyal British
subjects into .
AMRITSAR MASSACRE
GANDHI’S TACTICS OF NONVIOLENCE (454)
Mohandas K. emerged as the leader of the nationalist movement
His strategy for battling injustice evolved from a approach to politics.
His followers called him which
translated to “Great Soul”
NONCOOPERATION & BOYCOTTS (454-455)
In 1920, the Congress party endorsed , the deliberate
and public refusal to obey an unjust law. Gandhi called on Indians to refuse to:
Buy Pay Attend Vote in
He staged a successful boycott of British .
He wore only homespun cloth and encouraged Indians to follow his example.
STRIKES AND DEMONSTRATIONS (455)
Gandhi’s weapon of civil disobedience took an economic toll on the British
They struggled to keep trains running, factories operating and overcrowded jails from bursting
The British arrested thousands of Indians Despite Gandhi’s pleas for ,
protests often led to riots
THE SALT MARCH (455)
In 1930 Gandhi organized a demonstration to protest the Acts. Indians could only by salt from the
. They also had to pay on salt
To show their opposition, they marched 240 miles to the seacoast and began to make their own salt.
This peaceful protest was called the .
SALT MARCH CONT’D (455)
Police officers attacked the demonstrators with
.
The people refused to defend themselves against their attackers.
Newspapers covered the incident and won support for the nationalists
BRITAIN GRANTS LIMITED SELF-RULE (455)
In 1935 the British Parliament passed the Act
It provided local self-government and limited democratic elections
Tensions mounted between the and the .