Echidna (厄客德娜) 希臘神話中半人半蛇的怪物。她的上半身是 貌的女子,下半身卻是蛇的軀體(有時有兩條蛇尾)。 厄客德娜居住的地點或說是冥界,或說是斯基泰地區,或說是奇里乞亞地下名為阿里馬的深不可 測的洞穴。 “ the goddess fierce Echidna who is half a nymph with glancing eyes and fair cheeks, and half again a huge snake, great and awful, with speckled skin, eating raw flesh beneath the secret parts of the holy earth. And there she has a cave deep down under a hollow rock far from the deathless gods and mortal men. There, then, did the gods appoint her a glorious house to dwell in: and she keeps guard in Arima beneath the earth, grim Echidna, a nymph who dies not nor grows old all her days.” Husband: Typhon
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Echidna (厄客德娜)
希臘神話中半人半蛇的怪物。她的上半身是美貌的女子,下半身卻是蛇的軀體(有時有兩條蛇尾)。
厄客德娜居住的地點或說是冥界,或說是斯基泰地區,或說是奇里乞亞地下名為阿里馬的深不可
測的洞穴。
“ the goddess fierce Echidna who is half a nymph with glancing eyes and fair cheeks, and half again a
huge snake, great and awful, with speckled skin, eating raw flesh beneath the secret parts of the holy
earth. And there she has a cave deep down under a hollow rock far from the deathless gods and
mortal men. There, then, did the gods appoint her a glorious house to dwell in: and she keeps guard in
Arima beneath the earth, grim Echidna, a nymph who dies not nor grows old all her days.”
Husband: Typhon
Siren (塞壬)
希臘神話中人首鳥身(或鳥首人身、甚至跟人魚相類)的怪物,經常飛降海中礁石或船舶之上,
又被稱為海妖。塞壬用自己的歌喉使得過往的水手傾聽失神,航船觸礁沉沒。陰毒致命的塞壬,
卻是姿容嬌艷、體態優雅。只有兩位希臘神話中的英雄安全經過了賽蓮的領域,其一是阿爾戈英
雄中的俄耳甫斯,他彈奏豎琴令賽蓮亦為之傾倒;另一位是特洛伊戰爭英雄奧德修斯,他讓手下
的海員以白臘封住雙耳,為了聆聽賽蓮的歌聲而將自己綁縛在桅杆上。
The Sirens might be called the Muses of the lower world, Walter Copland Perry observed: "Their song,
though irresistibly sweet, was no less sad than sweet, and lapped both body and soul in a fatal
lethargy, the forerunner of death and corruption."
"They are mantic creatures like the Sphinx with whom they have much in common, knowing both the
past and the future," Harrison observed. "Their song takes effect at midday, in a windless calm. The
end of that song is death."That the sailors' flesh is rotting away, though, would suggest it has not
been eaten. It has been suggested that, with their feathers stolen, their divine nature kept them alive,
but unable to feed for their visitors, who starved to death by refusing to leave. According to Hyginus,
sirens were fated to live only until the mortals who heard their songs were able to pass by them.
Alraune (愛娜溫)
The basis of the story of Alraune dates to the Middles Ages in Germany.
The humanoid-shaped Mandrake root or Mandragora officinarum was widely believed to be
produced by the semen of hanged men under the gallows. Alchemists claimed that hanged
men ejaculated after their necks were broken and that the earth absorbed their final "strengths". In
some versions, it is blood instead of semen. The root itself was used in love philtres and potions while
its fruit was supposed to facilitate pregnancy. Witches who "made love" to the Mandrake root were
said to produce offspring which had no feelings of real love and had no soul.
Cupid (丘比特)
羅馬神話中的小愛神,維納斯的兒子,相對應於希臘神話的厄洛斯。往往被塑造為手拿弓箭、背
部長有一對翅膀的調皮小男孩。祂的金箭射入人心會產生愛情,祂的鉛箭射入人心會產生憎惡,
祂經常無目的地瞎射。
When Cupid's mother Venus became jealous of the princess Psyche, who was so beloved by her
subjects that they forgot to worship Venus, she ordered Cupid to make Psyche fall in love with the
vilest thing in the world. While Cupid was sneaking into her room to shoot Psyche with a golden arrow,
he accidentally scratched himself with his own arrow and fell deeply in love with her.
Following that, Cupid visited Psyche every night while she slept. Speaking to her so that she could not
see him, he told her to never try to see him. Psyche, though, incited by her two older sisters who told
her Cupid was sparcker [a monster], tried to look at him and angered Cupid. When he left, she looked
all over the known world for him until at last Venus told her that she would help her find Cupid if she
did the tasks presented to her by Venus. Psyche agreed. Psyche completed every task presented to
her, each one harder than the last. Finally, Venus had one task left - Psyche had to give Pluto a box
containing something Psyche was not to look at. Psyche's curiosity got the best of her and she looked
in the box. Hidden within it was eternal sleep placed there by Venus. Cupid was no longer angered by
Psyche and brought her from her sleep. Jupiter, the leader of the gods, gave Psyche the gift of
immortality so that she could be with him. Together they had a daughter, Voluptas, or Hedone,
(meaning pleasure) and Psyche became a goddess.
Lilith (莉莉斯)
最早出現於蘇美爾神話,亦同時記載於猶太教的拉比文學。她被指為《舊約》裡亞當的第一個妻
子,由上帝用泥土所造。因不滿上帝而離開伊甸園。她也被記載為撒但的情人、夜之魔女,也是
法力高強的女巫,並教導該隱如何利用鮮血產生力量以供己用。傳說與吸血鬼的起源有關。
Her nobles shall be no more, nor shall kings be proclaimed there; all her princes are gone. Her castles
shall be overgrown with thorns, her fortresses with thistles and briers. She shall become an abode for
jackals and a haunt for ostriches. Wildcats shall meet with desert beasts, satyrs shall call to one
another; There shall the Lilith repose, and find for herself a place to rest. There the hoot owl shall nest
and lay eggs, hatch them out and gather them in her shadow. There shall the kites assemble, none
shall be missing its mate. Look in the book of the LORD and read: No one of these shall be lacking. For
the mouth of the LORD has ordered it, and His spirit shall gather them there. It is He who casts the lot
for them, and with His hands He marks off their shares of her. They shall possess her forever, and
dwell there from generation to generation.
Titan (泰坦)
希臘神話中一組神的統稱。按照經典的神話系統
泰坦是在原始神之後出現的古老神族
六女。
該亞因對烏剌諾斯無休止的生殖
個泰坦克羅諾斯敢去這麼做,他用一把大
斯代替了他的位置成為眾神之王
有一個預言說,克羅諾斯將會和他的父親烏剌諾斯一樣
事,克羅諾斯把瑞亞生出的每一個孩子都吃掉
使他成為唯一倖免的孩子。宙斯長大後
們與正在統治天國的泰坦(克羅諾斯的兄弟姐
戰爭。泰坦眾神中的俄刻阿諾斯
泰坦以俄特律斯山為根據地,而宙斯和他的兄弟姐妹們則佔據著奧林波斯山
沒有結果,這時該亞再次提出建議
亞與烏剌諾斯的孩子,一生下來就因醜惡不堪而被烏剌諾斯扔進塔耳塔羅斯
巨人的幫助下,宙斯打敗了他的父親
並由百臂巨人看守。
按照經典的神話系統,泰坦在被奧林波斯神系取代之前曾經統治世界
之後出現的古老神族。第一代泰坦均由天神烏剌諾斯和地神蓋婭所生,
生殖感到厭煩而慫恿自己的子女們去推翻他們的父親。只有最小的一
他用一把大鐮刀將烏剌諾斯閹割。烏剌諾斯被迫退隱,於是克羅諾
斯代替了他的位置成為眾神之王。克羅諾斯與自己的姐姐瑞亞結婚,生出奧林波斯諸神
克羅諾斯將會和他的父親烏剌諾斯一樣,被自己的孩子推翻。為了避免發生這種
克羅諾斯把瑞亞生出的每一個孩子都吃掉。瑞亞聽取了該亞的建議,用一塊石頭代替了宙斯
宙斯長大後,迫使克羅諾斯把被吞掉的孩子又吐了出來,然後帶領他
克羅諾斯的兄弟姐妹們)作戰,這就是希臘神話中著名的神祇
泰坦眾神中的俄刻阿諾斯,可能還有幾個女神沒有參與這場鬥爭。
而宙斯和他的兄弟姐妹們則佔據著奧林波斯山。雙方激戰了十年仍
這時該亞再次提出建議,讓宙斯到塔耳塔羅斯去放出了三隻百臂巨人。百臂巨人是該
一生下來就因醜惡不堪而被烏剌諾斯扔進塔耳塔羅斯。在威力無窮的百臂
宙斯打敗了他的父親。新一代神奪取了全部權力,而泰坦神被關進了塔耳塔羅斯
取代之前曾經統治世界。
,共有六男
只有最小的一
於是克羅諾
生出奧林波斯諸神
為了避免發生這種
用一塊石頭代替了宙斯,
然後帶領他
這就是希臘神話中著名的神祇-泰坦
雙方激戰了十年仍
百臂巨人是該
在威力無窮的百臂
而泰坦神被關進了塔耳塔羅斯,
Vampire(吸血鬼)
是傳說中永生不老的超自然不死生物。 一般認為吸血鬼是由人類變成的。一說是被吸血鬼咬了
就會變成吸血鬼;另一種說法是喝下吸血鬼的血才能變成吸血鬼,也有說法是靈魂受到詛咒的人
類變成吸血鬼的。
吸血鬼的典型形象和特徵是:牙齒尖長,皮膚白皙,眼睛發紅。吸血鬼害怕照射到陽光,在太陽
下會燒起來變成灰。由於吸血鬼的恢復能力極強,所以一般武器很難使吸血鬼致命,只有陽光能
夠殺死吸血鬼。通常認爲吸血鬼懼怕十字架和大蒜。對於吸血鬼懼怕大蒜,通常認爲是由於吸血
鬼擁有遠高於常人的嗅覺造成的,大蒜的刺激性氣味令吸血鬼感到強烈不適。通常認為大蒜具有
殺菌的功效,所以也可以用來驅逐吸血鬼。吸血鬼是一種生物而跟神鬼無關。所以對於吸血鬼懼
怕十字架就比較假了。但另有一說認為吸血鬼始祖曾以靈魂與撒但交易,而成為吸血鬼,故此懼
怕十字架。
Ifrit (伊夫利特)
其實是伊斯蘭教的精靈 Jinn 的一種
在伊斯蘭傳說中,人是由土產生的
中而生的。擁有駕馭火的能力的
伊斯蘭神話中的 Ifrit通常以邪惡身份登場
住於不見天日的地下。只有英雄可以殺死或馴服
族。
Leviathan (利維坦)
是《希伯來聖經》的一種怪物,形象原型可能來自鯨及鱷魚
「扭曲」、「漩渦」的含義,而在基督教則是與七宗罪中的
描述利維坦為「曲行的蛇」,烏加里特史詩則記載利維坦為利坦
蛇」。後世每提到這個詞語,都指來自海中的巨大怪獸
的一種。他們的地位低於天使,會對人類超自然能力,如神燈巨靈
人是由土產生的,妖靈 Jinn一族是有火產生,而擁有最高地位的天使是由光
擁有駕馭火的能力的 Ifrit一族是法力最高的一族妖靈。
通常以邪惡身份登場,其力大而狡詐,頭生雙角,全身包圍在火焰之中
只有英雄可以殺死或馴服 Ifrit,阿拉丁故事中的神燈巨靈就是馴服的
形象原型可能來自鯨及鱷魚。「利維坦」一詞在希伯來語中有著
而在基督教則是與七宗罪中的「嫉妒」相對應的惡魔。《以賽亞書
烏加里特史詩則記載利維坦為利坦(Litan),並形容其為
都指來自海中的巨大怪獸,而且大多呈大海蛇形態。
如神燈巨靈。
而擁有最高地位的天使是由光
全身包圍在火焰之中,居
阿拉丁故事中的神燈巨靈就是馴服的 Ifrit
一詞在希伯來語中有著
以賽亞書》
並形容其為「纏繞之
法夫納 (Fafnir)
是北歐神話中的一名侏儒,之後化身為龍。據說變成龍的法夫納,全身都會散發惡臭,所到之處
草木不生,他的心臟還擁有神奇的力量,若能吃到他的心臟就可以得到無比的智慧,可通曉世間
所有事情。
他是赫瑞德瑪的長子,歐特和雷金的兄弟,故事中提到赫瑞德瑪因為兒子歐特被洛基(Loki)殺
害,而要求鉅額的賠償,洛基便強奪了另一名侏儒安德瓦利的寶藏來償還;安德瓦利因此詛咒不
論是誰持有寶藏中的戒指安德華拉諾特,都會招來無限的災禍。
而受到龐大財富誘惑的法夫納,不僅殺害父親赫瑞德瑪,還變成一條巨龍守護財寶。法夫納逼迫
弟弟雷金離開住所,雷金只好到人類的世界去。之後,雷金唆使英雄齊格魯德殺掉法夫納,還幫
他將格拉墨(Gram)的斷片重新打造成一隻完整的寶劍,齊格魯德就利用格拉墨殺死了法夫納。
法夫納在臨死前,警告齊格魯德這些財寶是被詛咒過的,但齊格魯德沒有聽從而帶走寶藏,因此
也受到詛咒而展開他悲劇性的一生。
迪亞馬特 (Tiamat)
是古代巴比倫神話里的女神,也是孕育出所有神明的地母神
之意,與之對照的,她的伴侶神阿普斯則意為
阿普斯和迪亞馬特結合,生出了大量的神明
迪亞馬特將他們都殺害。然而身為母親的迪亞馬特非但沒有同意他的計劃
告訴了自己的孩子們。埃爾,在聽到迪亞馬特的警告後
之後,迪亞馬特被尊為太母而受到尊敬
讓出眾神之主的寶座。被這個要求激怒的迪亞馬特
回去。雖然眾神都害怕迪亞馬特的力量
話說,在迪亞馬特孫輩的神明之中
武神的瑪杜克,向迪亞馬特發出了宣戰示言
名為金格的神明,命令他迎擊瑪杜克
遂以她巨大的身軀相抗衡,試圖一口就將瑪杜克吞入囊中
馬特即將把他吞入口中的瞬間,瑪杜克操縱暴風令迪亞馬特的口無法閉合
體。即便強如迪亞馬特,也承受不了這一擊而死去
瑪杜克將她的身體一劍切為兩半
旁邊則形成泉水。從她的眼睛則生出底格里斯河跟幼發拉底河來
了世界的基石。
也是孕育出所有神明的地母神。「迪亞馬特」這個名字有「苦水
她的伴侶神阿普斯則意為「甜水(淡水)」。
生出了大量的神明。對跟這些兒神一同生活感到厭煩的阿普斯
然而身為母親的迪亞馬特非但沒有同意他的計劃,反而將阿普斯的企圖
在聽到迪亞馬特的警告後,與兄弟姐妹商議,並一舉殺死了阿普斯
迪亞馬特被尊為太母而受到尊敬。不過,當埃爾等萌發了對權威的慾望後,要求迪亞馬特
被這個要求激怒的迪亞馬特,將來使的神明吊起來侮辱一番後,
雖然眾神都害怕迪亞馬特的力量,但既然已經激怒了她,那就沒有退路而言了
亞馬特孫輩的神明之中,有一位叫瑪杜克(埃爾的兒子)的勇猛之神。被謳歌為最強
向迪亞馬特發出了宣戰示言。而迪亞馬特這一邊,也將象徵權威的天之石板授予
命令他迎擊瑪杜克。然而在瑪杜克的力量面前,金格很快敗下陣來。
試圖一口就將瑪杜克吞入囊中,然而,瑪杜克卻早有秘策。
瑪杜克操縱暴風令迪亞馬特的口無法閉合,隨後用劍刺穿她的身
也承受不了這一擊而死去。
瑪杜克將她的身體一劍切為兩半,一半成為天,另一半成為地。迪亞馬特的乳房形成山脈
從她的眼睛則生出底格里斯河跟幼發拉底河來。就這樣,母神迪亞馬特
苦水(水)」
對跟這些兒神一同生活感到厭煩的阿普斯,想夥同
反而將阿普斯的企圖
並一舉殺死了阿普斯。
要求迪亞馬特
,才打發他
那就沒有退路而言了。
被謳歌為最強
也將象徵權威的天之石板授予
。迪亞馬特
。就在迪亞
隨後用劍刺穿她的身
迪亞馬特的乳房形成山脈,在它
母神迪亞馬特,成為
彌涅耳瓦 (Minerva)
羅馬神話中的智慧女神、戰神、藝術家和手工藝人的保護神,相對應於希臘神話的雅典娜。
Stemming from an Italic moon goddess *Meneswā 'She who measures', the Etruscans adopted the
inherited Old Latin name, *Menerwā, thereby calling her Menrva. Extrapolating from her Roman
nature, it is assumed that in Etruscan mythology, Minerva was the goddess of wisdom, war, art,
schools and commerce. She was the Etruscan counterpart to Greek Athena. Like Athena, Minerva was
born from the head of her father, Jupiter (Greek Zeus). It is possible that such a goddess was
"imported" to both Greece and Italy from beliefs originating in the Near East during the extreme
antiquity.
尼普頓 (Neptune)
海神,相對應於希臘神話的波塞冬(Poseidon),朱庇特的弟弟,海王星的拉丁名是起源於他。
他在羅馬作為馬神被崇拜,管理賽馬活動。羅馬在西元前 25年曾在賽馬場附近建立他的廟。
The etymology off Neptunus is unclear and disputed. The ancient grammarian Varro derived the name
from nuptus, with a more or less explicit allusion to the nuptiae, marriage of Heaven and Earth.
The theology of Neptune may only be reconstructed to some extent as since very early times he was
identified with the Greek god Poseidon, as he is present already in the lectisternium of 399 BC.Such
an identification may well be grounded in the strict relationship between the Latin and Greek
theologies of the two deities. It has been argued that Indo-European people, having no direct
knowledge of the sea as they originated from inland areas, reused the theology of a deity originally
either chthonic or wielding power over inland freshwaters as the god of the sea.This feature has been
preserved particularly well in the case of Neptune who was definitely a god of springs, lakes and rivers
before becoming also a god of the sea, as is testified by the numerous findings of inscriptions
mentioning him in the proximity of such locations. Servius the grammarian also explicitly states
Neptune is in charge of all the rivers, springs and waters.
克瑞斯 (Ceres)
羅馬神話中的神祇,和希臘神話的得墨忒耳相對應,為薩圖爾努斯和俄普斯的女兒,朱庇特的妹
妹兼太太,普洛塞庇娜的母親,朱諾、維斯塔、波塞冬和普路托的兄弟姊妹,以及西西里島的守
護神。拉丁語中的「穀物」一詞來源於她。
Ceres was credited with the discovery of spelt wheat, the yoking of oxen and ploughing, the sowing,
protection and nourishing of the young seed, and the gift of agriculture to humankind; before this, it
was said, man had subsisted on acorns, and wandered without settlement or laws. She had the power
to fertilise, multiply and fructify plant and animal seed, and her laws and rites protected all activities
of the agricultural cycle. In January, Ceres was offered spelt wheat and a pregnant sow, along with the
earth-goddess Tellus at the movable Feriae Sementivae. This was almost certainly held before the
annual sowing of grain. The divine portion of sacrifice was the entrails presented in an earthenware
pot. In a rural context, Cato the Elder describes the offer to Ceres of a porca praecidanea (a pig,
offered before the sowing).Before the harvest, she was offered a propitiary grain sample
(praemetium).Ovid tells that Ceres "is content with little, provided that her offerings are casta" (pure).
維納斯 (Venus)
愛神、美神,同時又是執掌生育與航海的女神,相對應於希臘神話的阿芙羅狄忒(Aphrodite)。
拉丁語的「金星」和「星期五」等詞都來源於祂。
維納斯是從海裏升起來的。據說世界之初,統管大地的該亞女神與統管天堂的烏拉諾斯結合生下
了一批巨人。後來夫妻反目,該亞盛怒之下命小兒子克洛諾斯用鐮刀割傷其父。烏拉諾斯身上的
肉落入大海,激起泡沫,阿芙羅狄忒就這樣誕生了。希臘語中「阿芙羅狄忒」的意思就是泡沫,
而且維納斯還生下一個女兒依洛絲、一個兒子邱比特。
In myth, Venus-Aphrodite was born of sea-foam. Roman theology presents Venus as the yielding,
watery female principle, essential to the generation and balance of life. Her male counterparts in the
Roman pantheon, Vulcan and Mars, are active and fiery. Venus absorbs and tempers the male
essence, uniting the opposites of male and female in mutual affection. She is essentially assimilative
and benign, and embraces several otherwise quite disparate functions, She can give military victory,
sexual success, good fortune and prosperity. In one context, she is a goddess of prostitutes; in
another, she turns the hearts of men and women from sexual vice to virtue
黑帝斯(Hades)
古希臘神話中統治冥界的神,相對應於羅馬神話的普路托。他是克洛諾斯和瑞亞的兒子,宙斯的
哥哥。他的婚配者是妹妹得墨忒耳的女兒珀耳塞福涅。
希臘神話的死亡觀不存在帶善惡判斷的天堂與地獄,而是認為冥界是所有死者唯一的去處,因此
黑帝斯的神話形象雖冷酷但並無大多宗教神話中的惡神色彩,古希臘神話中的黑帝斯形象也是典
型的奧林帕斯英挺男子(但黑帝斯身上有一股驅之不去的死亡氣息),同時由於神話中的冥府位
於地底,哈底斯同時也被視為地下礦產的支配者。
"Aidoneus, the Ruler of Many, is no unfitting husband among the deathless gods for your child, being
your own brother and born of the same stock: also, for honor, he has that third share which he
received when division was made at the first, and is appointed lord of those among whom he dwells."
— Homeric Hymn to Demeter
Despite modern connotations of death as evil, Hades was actually more altruistically inclined in
mythology. Hades was often portrayed as passive rather than evil; his role was often maintaining
relative balance. Hades ruled the dead, assisted by others over whom he had complete authority. He
strictly forbade his subjects to leave his domain and would become quite enraged when anyone tried
to leave, or if someone tried to steal the souls from his realm.
迦具土の神 (Kagutsuchi)
是日本神話中的火神。 迦具土神是伊邪那岐與伊邪那美產神期間產下的最後一位神。在伊邪那
美產下火神迦具土時,其陰部被火燒傷,終致身亡。盛怒之下,伊邪那岐拔出十拳劍,砍下了迦
具土的頭顱。
根據《古事記》的說法,伊邪那岐斬殺迦具土之後,迦具土的血從劍上落到岩石上。其中由十拳
劍劍鋒落下的血生成石拆神、根拆神和石筒之男神;劍身落下的血生成甕速日神、樋速日神和建
御雷之男神;劍柄落下的血生成闇淤加美神和闇御津羽神。
Kagu-tsuchi's birth burned his mother Izanami, causing her death. His father Izanagi, in his grief,
beheaded Kagu-tsuchi with his sword, Ame no Ohabari (天之尾羽張), and cut his body into eight
pieces, which became eight volcanoes. The blood that dripped off Izanagi's sword created a number
of deities, including the sea god Watatsumi and rain god Kuraokami.
Kagu-tsuchi's birth, in Japanese mythology, comes at the end of the creation of the world and marks
the beginning of death.In the Engishiki, a source which contains the myth, Izanami, in her death
throes, bears the water god Mizuhame, instructing her to pacify Kagu-tsuchi if he should become
violent. This story also contains references to traditional fire-fighting tools: gourds for carrying water
and wet clay and water reeds for smothering fires
八岐大蛇(Yamata no Orochi)
八岐大蛇有著八個頭、八條尾巴,眼睛如同「酸漿草」般鮮紅,背部上則長滿了青苔和樹木,腹
部則潰爛狀流著鮮血,頭頂上則常常飄著雨雲(天叢雲),身軀有如八座山峰、八條山谷般的巨
大。非常喜歡喝酒。
當素盞鳴尊從高天原被放逐到出雲國之後,沿著肥河行走時,在上游遇到一對老夫婦腳摩乳與手
摩乳,這對老夫婦原本生有八個女兒,但其中前七位已經被八岐大蛇吃掉了,如今,這對老夫婦
正為即將面臨同樣命運的么女奇稻田姬悲泣著。
素盞鳴尊便以事成之後將奇稻田姬許配給他為條件,自告奮勇收伏即將前來的八岐大蛇。為保護
奇稻田姬,素盞鳴尊將她變成一隻梳子插在自己的頭髮上,然後叫腳摩乳與手摩乳釀造烈酒,在
圍牆上鑿了八個門,各自擺了裝滿烈酒的酒桶。
後來,到達現場的八岐大蛇一聞到了酒香,八個頭便各自自鑽進八個門中飲用烈酒,接著便酒醉
倒地,昏睡不起。素盞鳴尊趁機持著十拳劍,預將八岐大蛇斬殺,在切到尾巴的時候,十拳劍的
劍刃卻敲出了缺口,將尾巴逐一剖開看才發現,原來其中含有一把堅硬而鋒利的兵器,而這把兵
器便是天叢雲劍。
素盞嗚尊 (Susanoo)
《古事記》裡作建速須佐之男命。日本神話著名神祇,伊奘諾尊所生三貴子之么子。其性格變化
無常,時而凶暴時而英勇,最著名事蹟為斬殺八岐大蛇。
根據《古事記》記載,素盞嗚尊為日本開疆拓土之神伊奘諾尊之子:伊奘諾尊自泉津平阪擺脫妻
子伊奘冉尊追殺後,到日向小戶橘之檍原河中上游梳洗,這期間自衣物與排泄物中生出數十神。
最後,伊奘諾尊洗臉時自左眼生出天照大神,右眼生出月夜見尊,鼻子生出素盞嗚尊。由於這三
神出生有別於其他神祇,伊奘諾尊高興之餘稱他們做「三貴子」,並分封領地。
原本素盞鳴尊被分封至滄海之原,於是當伊奘諾尊功德圓滿而隱居後,素盞鳴尊動身前往高天原。
然而其所到之處天地震動,萬物不安,甚至連高天原上的天照大神也感到不安。由於擔心素盞鳴
尊強奪高天原,天照大神身著弓箭鎧甲,全副武裝迎接素盞鳴尊到來。
素盞鳴尊到高天原後,天照大神急忙詢問其前來目的,素盞鳴尊則答曰他只想多敘姐弟之情。但
天照大神仍十分疑惑,經過一番對談後,最後兩神決定合生子女以為互不侵犯盟約。於是天照大
神拿素盞鳴尊之十握劍,折成三段後放入天真名井洗滌,然後放入口中咬碎,最後吹出霧氣生三
女神,分別是田心姬、湍津姬和市杵島姬;同樣的,素盞嗚尊求取天照大神的髮髻、鬘和手腕所
纏之八阪瓊五百箇御統放入天真名井洗滌,然後放入口中咬碎,最後吹出霧氣生五男神,分別是
天忍穗耳命、天穗日命、天津彥根命、活津彥根命和熊野櫲樟日命。而後素盞嗚尊將五男神託付
給天照大神,天照大神則將三女神託付給素盞嗚尊。
根據《古事記》記載,素盞嗚尊得三女神後,認為自身之清明已得澄清,行為逐漸放蕩起來。他
到處破壞天照大神的田地,填平灌溉用的水溝,甚至趁天照大神於神宮中新嚐穀物時,跑到屋頂
上拉屎,然後把天斑馬馬皮自屋頂上丟入紡織房,導致織女因驚嚇不慎被梭刺入陰戶而死,因此
素盞嗚尊又被稱為降馬頭主。而這些行為也嚇壞了天照大神,使她躲入山洞隱居,因而天地陷入
黑暗,妖魔到處橫行。逼得八百萬神共商對策,想出天宇受賣命半裸跳舞的計謀誘使天照大神出
洞,並在事成後拔掉素盞嗚尊的鬍鬚與指甲,然後放逐出高天原。
離開天界的素盞嗚尊流落至出雲,當他行經肥河上游時聽到哭聲,找尋後發現有對老夫婦在安慰
一名少女。詢問之下才知老夫婦是出雲國守護神腳摩乳與手摩乳,他們原有八位子女,但八岐大
蛇年年來犯,因此他們的七名子女全被當成獻給大蛇的犧牲。今天八岐大蛇即將到來,因此老夫
婦正準備將么女奇稻田姬獻給大蛇食用。
聽完故事後,素盞嗚尊答應為其除害,條件是須以奇稻田姬許配之,而兩夫婦也爽快答應。於是
他佯裝成奇稻田姬的模樣,並請腳摩乳與手摩乳準備八醞酒,分別放在八個大酒桶。不久,八岐
大蛇聞到酒香後果真出現,並很快將八個頭伸入各酒桶中喝酒。不久八個頭皆醉,紛紛睡著,素
盞嗚尊趁機將各蛇頭一一斬殺。由於斬殺八岐大蛇時他手持的十握劍居然有些許磨損,因此懷疑
大蛇身上帶有奇物,於是將大蛇八條尾巴全剖開,並發現一把銳利的神劍,素盞嗚尊將其命名作
天叢雲劍。從此,素盞嗚尊娶奇稻田姬為妻,定居於出雲國。
天照大神 (Amaterasu)
日本神話中高天原的統治者與太陽女神。她被奉為今日日本天皇的始祖,也是神道最高神祇。 在
《古事記》及《日本書紀》均記載為須佐之男的姊神,因此一般被視為女神。
天照大神在天上時發現地上的葦原中國有保食神將來,令弟弟月夜見尊前去迎接。保食神來到後
便轉頭,面對陸地的方向吐出米飯,又面會海洋的方向吐出各種魚類,等吐出各種食物後,便存
起來準備庭宴時供大家發享。見此情狀,月夜見尊臉色大變,指責保食神居然拿吐出來的食物給
他吃,隨即拔劍殺之,然後把這件事告訴天照大神。天照大神聽後很生氣,大罵月夜見尊一頓後
不再見面,從此日月相隔出現。
之後天照大神派天熊人去看保食神的屍首,只見頭頂化為牛馬,頭殼長出小米,眉毛長出蠶繭,
眼睛長出稗,肚子長出稻米,下陰長出小麥、大豆和紅豆。天熊人將這些物品取下來獻給天照大
神,天照大神把這些食物與絲品交給定天邑君管理,從此天下有養蠶與可耕種的穀物。
天照大神與月夜見尊都接受父親的命令,到自己的領地。唯獨素盞嗚尊因思念母親伊奘冉尊而泣,
被伊奘諾尊放逐。被放逐的素盞嗚尊赴黃泉國見母前,決定先去高天原找其姊天照大神,但他行
走時山川與諸土震動,反而驚動了天照大神。她以為他要侵佔高天原,全副武裝準備迎戰。素盞
嗚尊到達後說明來意,天照大神仍些許懷疑,於是兩人以生子為證。
月讀 (Tsukuyomi)
日本神話中掌管控制夜國之神,身為月神而以農耕神為祀。他是日本神話和神道中的一位神祇。
After climbing a celestial ladder, Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto lived in the heavens, also known as
Takamagahara, with his sister Amaterasu Omikami, the sun goddess.
Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto angered Amaterasu Omikami when he killed Uke Mochi, the goddess of food.
Amaterasu Omikami once sent Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto to represent her at a feast presented by Uke
Mochi. The goddess made the food by turning to the ocean and spitting out a fish, then facing the
forest and game came out of her mouth, and finally turned to a rice paddy and coughed up a bowl of
rice. Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto was utterly disgusted by the fact that, although it looked exquisite, the
meal was made in a disgusting manner, and so he killed her.
Soon, Amaterasu Omikami learned what happened and she was so angry that she refused to ever
look at Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto again, forever moving to another part of the sky. This is the reason that
day and night are never together. In later versions of this myth, Uke Mochi is killed
by Susanoo-no-Mikoto.
傳說龍
炎龍 - 穆斯貝爾海姆 (Muspelheim)
在北歐神話中,其義為「火之國」,另也有「荒蕪的家」之意。這是在世界誕生之初,位於金倫
加鴻溝南邊末端的一個地區。相傳那邊充滿了火焰與熱,在「火之國」穆斯貝爾海姆的熱力和「霧
之國」尼福爾海姆的寒冰交替作用之下,最初的生命因此而誕生。主宰這地區的是火巨人史爾特
爾,他是阿斯嘉特諸神的敵人,當「諸神的黃昏」發生時,史爾特爾會度過彩虹橋來攻擊諸神。
冰龍 - 尼福爾海姆 (Niflheim)
在北歐神話中,其義為「霧之國」。是個終年充滿濃霧,寒冷的地區。當世界出現之初,位在金
倫加鴻溝的北邊末端。和尼福爾海姆隔鴻溝相對的是「火之國」穆斯貝爾海姆。有時候,尼福爾
海姆又被稱為海姆冥界,意思就是「海拉的家」,也就是「地獄」。由洛基(Loki)的女兒海拉
所統治的死亡之國,只有亡者的靈魂會來到這裡。至於尼福爾海姆與海姆冥界的分別則是模糊不
清的。
島龍 - 尤克特拉希爾 (Yggdrasill)
世界之樹,在北歐神話中,這個巨木的枝幹構成了整個世界。其音譯名為「尤克特拉希爾」 。
所謂「尤克」表示令人害怕之意,也是主神奧丁的另一個名字。而「特拉希爾」是指馬,因此組
合起來就是「奧丁的馬」。其由來是因為奧丁曾經把自己吊在樹上,並用長槍—昆古尼爾刺傷自
己,因而發現了盧恩文字。奧丁將此舉說是「騎馬」,世界之樹因此有了尤克特拉希爾之名。
機龍 - 瓦爾哈拉 (Valhalla)
北歐神話中的天堂,亦意譯作英靈神殿;掌管戰爭、藝術與死者的主神奧丁命令女武神「瓦爾基
麗」將陣亡的英靈戰士帶來此處服侍,享受永恆的幸福。
邪龍 - 赫爾海姆 (Helheim)
在北歐神話裡,海姆冥界是亡者的住所,與其統治者海拉同名,在冰島的文獻裡有許多不同對其
的描述,例如艾達經中敘述了布倫希爾德到海姆冥界的旅程,而奧丁在生前也曾騎著牠的坐騎斯
雷普尼爾到過海姆冥界。在詩體埃達中當巴德爾遇害後,赫爾莫德亦騎著奧丁的八足神馬斯萊布
尼爾嘗試救回巴德爾。
天空龍
緋天龍 - 埃爾多拉多 (El Dorado)
理想黃金鄉- The name of a Muisca tribal chief who covered himself with gold dust and, as an
initiation rite, dove into a highland lake.Later, it became the name of a legendary "Lost City of Gold",
that fascinated explorers since the days of the Spanish Conquistadors. No evidence for its existence
has been found.
蒼天龍 - 龍宮 (Nirai-kanai)
The mythical place from which all life originates. It is worshipped facing westward, and is fabled to be
an island. Gods from Nirai Kanai are said to have brought different crops and tools to the Ryukyuan
people at different times."Girai Kanai" is referred to in the Irosetsuden as the underwater realm of the
Dragon or Sea King.
樹天龍 - 蓬萊 (Horai)
Mount Penglai (蓬萊山), or Penglai Island (蓬萊仙島), is a mystical land found in Chinese mythology.
The legend also passed into Japan, where it took shape as the legend of Hōrai.
In Chinese mythology, the mountain is often said to be the base for the Eight Immortals, or at least
where they travel to have a banquet, as well as the magician Anqi Sheng. Supposedly, everything on
the mountain seems white, while its palaces are made from gold and platinum, and jewelries grow on
trees.
聖天龍 - 香格里拉
A fictional place described in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon by British author James Hilton. Hilton
describes Shangri-La as a mystical, harmonious valley, gently guided from a lamasery, enclosed in the
western end of the Kunlun Mountains. Shangri-La has become synonymous with any earthly paradise
but particularly a mythical Himalayan utopia — a permanently happy land, isolated from the outside
world. In the novel Lost Horizon, the people who live at Shangri-La are almost immortal, living years
beyond the normal lifespan and only very slowly aging in appearance. The word also evokes the
imagery of exoticism of the Orient.
夜天龍 - 艾利西翁
A conception of the afterlife that evolved over time and was maintained by certain Greek religious
and philosophical sects, and cults. Initially separate from the realm of Hades, admission was initially
reserved for mortals related to the gods and other heroes. Later, it expanded to include those chosen
by the gods, the righteous, and the heroic, where they would remain after death, to live a blessed and
happy life, and indulging in whatever employment they had enjoyed in life.