MySQL vs MongoDB - Percona · My MySQL vs MongoDB Most Popular Open Source Relational and Non Relational storage Both Technologies started with Focus on Exceptional Ease of Use

©2017Percona1

PeterZaitsev

MySQLvsMongoDBChoosingrighttechnologyforyourapplication

CEO,PerconaSCALE15x3March2017,Pasadena,CA

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MySQLvsMongoDB

VS

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BiggerQuestion

WhatOpenSourceDatabaseTechnologies IshouldbeusingforMy

Application?

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EvenBiggerQuestion

WhatDatabaseTechnologiesIshouldbeusingforMyApplication

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OpenSource

IncreasingnumberofOpenSourceFirstCompanies

OnlyuseProprietarySoftwarewhentherearenootherchoices

Cost,ReducedVendorLockInarethemainfactors

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OpenSourcevsProprietarytrends

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NewGenerationTechnologies– OpenSource

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PolyglotPersistence

ChooseMultipleDatabasesystems

UseTheirStrongSides

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ArchitectureExamples

MainOperationStore+AuxiliaryServices

MicroServiceswiththeirownstores

DataBus/DataFlow

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ForExample

MySQLasmaindatastore

UseMemcacheorRedisforcaching

ElasticSearchforSearch

KafkatotransferdatatoElasticSearch,Hadoop

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ChoosingtheDataStore

SQL(Relational)

NoSQL(NonRelational)

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ManyNoSQLDataModels

KeyValue(Memcache)

WideColumn(Cassandra)

Document(MongoDB)

Graph(Neo4J)

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WhyMySQLvsMongoDB?

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MyMySQLvsMongoDB

MostPopularOpenSourceRelationalandNonRelationalstorage

BothTechnologiesstartedwithFocusonExceptionalEaseofUse

Theseare2TechnologieswefocusatPercona

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PerconaSoftwareforMySQLandMongoDB

MySQL

• PerconaServerforMySQL• PerconaXtraDBCluster• PeronaXtrabackup• PerconaToolkit• PerconaMonitoringandManagement

• TokuDBStorageEngine

MongoDB

• PerconaServerforMySQL•MongoRocksDBStorageEngine(RocksDBBased)

• PerconaMemoryEngineforMongoDB

• PerconaToolkit• PerconaMonitoringandManagement

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FullDisclosure

IPersonallyknowMySQLmuchbetterthan

MongoDB

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NoSQLonMySQL

StartingMySQL5.7MySQLSupportsNoSQLInterface

MongoDBLikeCRUDaccess

WithTransactionSupport

WithoutGoodShardingSolution

Notyetcommonlyadopted

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TopThingstoConsider

TeamPreferencesandExperience

DevelopmentProcessandApplicationLifecycle

DataModel TransactionsandConsistency

Performance Scalability Administration Legal

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TeamPreferencesandExperience

AbsolutelyKeyQuestion!

UnlovedTechnology– RecipeforDisaster

Problemsmayhavemorethanonesolution

ConsiderOriginalDevelopmentandFullLifecycle

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TeamExperienceMySQLvsMongoDB

MySQL

• VeryMatureTechnology• SQLStandard• Easiertomovetootherrelationaldatabases

• Transactions• AlotofChoices

MongoDB

•ModernandDynamic• DonotneedtolearnnastySQL• DynamicSchema• ComplexQueriesarerecipeforcomplexproblems

• EasierScalability• NativeIntegrationJavascript,JSON

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DevelopmentProcessandLifeCycle

FasterDevelopmentpaceormorecontrol?

DataAlwaysHaveSchema

IsDataBelongtoApplicationorusedbyMultipleApplications

ApplicationLifeTime

ApplicationActivedevelopmenttime

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DevelopmentinMySQLandMongoDB

MySQL

• RelationalDatabaserequiresmoreplanningandcontrol

• Easytousedatafrommanyapplications

• Manyapplications15+Years• CanuseSQLandNoSQLInterface

MongoDB

• DevelopmentPace• NoNeedtoSynchronizeSchemabetweenApplicationandDatabase

• ClearPathtoScalability

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DataModel

OptimalDataModeldependsontheApplicationandTeamExperince

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DataModelinMySQLvsMongoDB

MySQL

• RelationalDataModel• Easytoreflectrelationshipsbetweenobjects

• Changedatainoneplace• QueryResult- Table

MongoDB

• DocumentOrientedDataModel• Documentscanembedotherdocuments

• EasytorepresentJSONdatacommoninWebApplications

• ComplexJOINscanoftenbeavoided• QueryResult– ListofDocuments(differentstructure)

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ModelDesignExample

PeopleandtheirPassports

Peoplemayhavemorethanonpassport

NotEveryoneHasaPassport

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RelationalSchemaDesign

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EasyToAnswerVariousQuestions• NumberofPeople

• SELECTcount(*)FROMpeople• ValidityDateofPersonspassport

• SELECTvalid_until frompassportsps joinpeoplepl ONps.people_id =pl.idWHEREname='Stephane‘

• WhoDoesnothaveAPassport?• SELECTnameFROMpeoplepl LEFTJOINpassportsps ONps.people_id =

pl.idWHEREps.idISNULL

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MongoDBDesignExample

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MongoDBandMySQLTerms

MySQL

• Database/Schema• Table• Row• Column• PrimaryKey• Join

MongoDB

• Database• Collection• Document• Field• PrimaryKey• EmbeddedDocumentorLinking

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AccessLanguage

SQL

•Structured•Query•Language

CRUD

•Create•Read•Update•Delete

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SQLvsCRUD- InsertSQL CRUD

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SQLvsCRUDUpdate

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SQLvsCRUD- Delete

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SQLvsCRUD- Search

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SQLvsCRUD- Count

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SQLvsCRUD- Aggregation

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TransactionsandConsistency

• Atomicity• Consistency• Isolation• Durability

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TransactionsinMySQLvsMongoDB

MySQL

•ACIDTransactionsofarbitrarysize

MongoDB

•ACIDonthedocumentlevel

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MongoDBReadsareDirtyReads

ReadingaLargeResultwillReturnDocumentsfromdifferentpointintime

SameDocumentCan(rarely)beReturnedMorethanOnce

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Performance

VeryHardtoCompareDirectly

DependsalotontheApplicationArchitecture

ManyBenchmarkscomparedifferentDurabilityorSettings

MongoDBScalesBettersosinglenodeperformancelessofafocus

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MySQLvsMongoDBPerformanceTestbyMarkCallaghan:http://bit.ly/2epDJqD

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Scalablilty

•Scalabilitywithinsinglesystem•Scalabilityformultiplesystems•Scalingreads,writes,datasize

WhatdoIneedtodotoscalemyApplicationfrom100to100.000.000

users?

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ScalabilityMySQLandMongoDB

MySQL

• Scaleswellwithsinglesystemsize

• CanbescaledtoFacebookScale• Easytoscaleformediumsizeapplications

• ScalingReadswithReplication• ShardingisPainful

MongoDB

• Scalabilitywasfocuseduponfromtheearlyversions

• BuiltinSharding• ShardingforScalability,ReplicationisforHA

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DatabaseOperationsWhatDevelopersdonotlikethinkingabout

Automation

Backups

VersionUpdates

Monitoring

DisasterRecovery

PerformanceManagement

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OperationsMySQLandMongoDB

MySQL

• Flexibility• Manywaystosolveproblems• ManyOpenSourceToolsavailable

• OutoftheboxManualFailoverinReplication

MongoDB

• Simplicity• VirtuallyZeroAdministration• FewerOpenSourceOperationTools

• StrongConnectiontoMongoDBOpsManager

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License

MySQL

•GPLorProprietary

MongoDB

•AGPLorProprietary

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SolvedMongoDBProblems• PoorconcurrentwriteperformancewithMMAPv1

• FixedbyWiredTiger andMongoRocks• PoordiskspaceusagewithMMAPv1

• FixedbyWiredTiger andMongoRocks• Nowaytovalidatedocuments

• DocumentValidationsinceMongoDB3.2• NoJOIN

• LimitedsupportinaggregationframeworkstartingMongoDB3.2

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TypicalMySQLExample

• FullFeatureTransactionsareimportant• RelationalModelisagoodfit• Datasizeistypicallynotrequiringsharding• LongTermApplicationdevelopment• Samedatausedbymanyapplicationsdirectly

OnlineEcommerce

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TypicalMongoDBExample

• Extremescalingmightbeneededifgamebecomespopular

• Dataisusedbyoneapplication• Dataiscomplicatedanddoesnotfitrelationalmodelwell

• Documentlevelconsistencyisoftenenough• Lowpaceofdevelopmentafter“launch”

OnlineGame

Backend

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ExtraMaterialOtherthingsworthsharing

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JustReleased!

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PerconaServerforMongoDB3.4

100%FreeandOpenSource

100%CompatiblewithMongoDB3.4

AdditionalMemoryEngineandMongoRocks

PluggableAuthenticationas

inMongoDBEnterprise

AuditingasinMongoDBEnterprise

AdvancedQueryPerformanceMonitoring

HotBackupsforWiredTiger

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PerconaMonitoringandManagement

• Comprehensive Database Focused Monitoring

• 100% Open Source Roll-your-own solution

• Easy to install and use

• Supports MySQL and MongoDB

• Version 1.1 focuses on Trending and Query Analyses

• Management Features to Come

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WhatQueriesarecausingtheload?

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Whyaretheycausingthisload?

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Howtofixthem

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SystemInformation

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WhathappensonOSandHardwareLevel

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AswellasDatabaseLevel

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DetailedMongoDBStorageEngineMonitoring

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CheckouttheDemohttp://pmmdemo.percona.com

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MeetusatBooth#219

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AboutPerconaSolutionsforyoursuccesswithMySQLandMongoDB

Support,ManagedServices,Software

OurSoftwareis100%OpenSource

SupportBroadEcosystem– MySQL,MariaDB,AmazonRDS

InBusinessformorethan10years

Morethan3000customers,includingtopInternetcompaniesandenterprises

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