MYRRHA Multi-purpose HYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications

MYRRHAMulti-purpose h Ybrid Research Reactor for High-tech

Applications

On behalf ofSCK�CEN

Copyright © 2011 SCK•CEN

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High Level Nuclear Waste

U235

nPu Np Am Cm

Actinides Minor Actinides

Neutron

Uranium Fission

Fuel

U238

n

n

n

U235

U238

Plutonium Neptunium Americium Curium

Minor Actinideshigh radiotoxicity long lived waste

that are difficult to store due to:

�Long lived (>1,000 years)

�Highly radiotoxic

�Heat emitting

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Reactor• Subcritical mode• 65 to 100 MWth

Accelerator

(600 MeV - 4 mA proton)

FastNeutronSource

Spallation Source

Lead-Bismuthcoolant

MultipurposeFlexible

IrradiationFacility

MYRRHA - Accelerator Driven System

Innovative & Unique

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Multipurpose facility

MultipurposehYbrid

ResearchReactor forHigh-techApplicationsWaste

Fission GEN IV Fusion

Fundamentalresearch

Silicondoping

Radio-isotopes

50 to 100 MWthΦΦΦΦFast = ~1015 n/cm².s

(En>0.75 MeV)

ΦΦΦΦ = 1 to 5.10 14 n/cm².s(ppm He/dpa ~ 10)

in medium-large volumes

Material researchΦΦΦΦFast = 1 to 5.10 14 n/cm².s

(En>1 MeV) in large volumes

Fuel researchΦtot = 0.5 to 1.10 15 n/cm².s

ΦΦΦΦth = 0.5 to 2.10 15 n/cm².s (En<0.4 eV)

ΦΦΦΦth = 0.1 to 1.10 14 n/cm².s (En<0.4 eV)

High energy LINAC600 MeV – 1 GeV

Long irradiation time

ALLEGROExperimental reactor

(GFR)

ASTRID Prototype

(SFR)

2008 2012 2020

SFR

Supporting infrastructures, research facilities

MYRRHAETPP European

demonstration reactor (LFR)

Reference technology

Alternative technology

LFR

GFR

MYRRHA part of ESNIIEuropean Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative

MYRRHAFast spectrum

irradiation facility

MYRRHA part of ESNIIEuropean Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative

Objective

MYRRHA to be a Multipurpose Irrad. Facility

© SCK•CEN

MaterialTestingReactor(fission)

MaterialTestingReactor(fission)

Fuel testingfor LWR &

GEN II/GEN III

Fuel testingfor LWR &

GEN II/GEN III

IrradiationServices:

-Medical RI-Silicium Doping-Others



Fast NeutronMaterial

Testing Reactor(fission + fusion)

Fast NeutronMaterial

Testing Reactor(fission + fusion)

ADS-Demo+

P&T Testing(Partitioning & Transmutation)

ADS-Demo+

P&T Testing(Partitioning & Transmutation)





Fuel testing forLFT GEN IV

Fuel testing forLFT GEN IV

LFR European Technology Pilot Plant (ETPP)LFR European Technology Pilot Plant (ETPP)

1962

BR2

1962

BR2

2023

MYRRHA

2023

MYRRHA

MYRRHA design features

© SCK•CEN

MYRRHA design parameters

© SCK•CEN

General design parameters MYRRHA

Core external diameter 1450mm

Core height / FA length 2000mm

Fuelled length 600mm

Vessel diameter (ID) 7600mm

Vessel cover thickness 2000mm

Gas plenum 500mm

Vessel length 11000mm

Nominal Core Power 100MW

Core inlet temperature 270°C

Core average outlet temperature 410°C

Coolant velocity in core 2m/s

Coolant pressure drop 2.5bar

Secondary coolant Saturated water/steam

Tertiary coolant Air

� Vessel� Cover� Core barrel� Core support plate� Core plug� Above core structure� Heat exchangers� Pumps� Diaphragm








Reactor layout

© SCK•CEN

Vessel

� Main dimensions� Height: about 11m� Outer diameter: 7.6m� Wall thickness: 90mm

� Material� AISI 316L

� Weight� About 245 ton

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Cover

� Main dimensions� Height: 2 m� Outer diameter: 8.5 m

� Material� AISI 316L� Concrete


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IVFHM

PHX

Pump

Fuel transfer channel

Wet-sipping device

Safety valve

Recovery channelSi-doping channel

LBE-conditioning inlet

LBE-conditioning outlet

Cover gas conditioning system inlet/outlet

Core barrel and core support plate

� Core barrel� Main dimensions

• Height: about 9m• Outer diameter: about

1450mm• Thickness: 20mm

� Material• AISI 316L

� Core support plate� Main dimensions

• Outer diameter: about 1450mm

• Thickness: 200mm� Material

• T91

© SCK•CEN

Core plug and above core structure

� Main dimensions� Height: about 7m� Outer diameter: about

1500mm� 37 Multi-functional

Channels


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Primary heat exchangers

� Main dimensions� Shell and Tube� Power: 27.5 MW� Double walled design� Length of tubes: about 8 m� Diameter of tubes: 16 mm� About 700 tubes� Shroud: about 900 mm� Total length: about 8 m� Internal pressure: 16 bar


© SCK•CEN

Pumps

� Main dimensions� Mass flow: about 4750 kg/s per

pump� Discharge head: 2,5 – 3,5 m� External diameter: ~ 900 mm� Rotating speed: 490rpm� Length: about 9m� Mixed type of pump

� Material� AISI 316L� Impeller: TBD

© SCK•CEN

Diaphragm

� Main dimensions� Double plate design� Baffle� In-vessel fuel storage� Height: about 7.5 m� Outer diameter: 7.3 m� Wall thickness: 40 mm� Lower plate thickness: 40 mm� Upper plate thickness: 80 mm



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Diaphragm

© SCK•CEN

Diaphragm – IVFS detail

© SCK•CEN

IVFS pipe welded to the lower plate

Hole to allow natural circulation to cool the FA inside the IVFS

IVFS pipe free to move axially

Core and fuel

Spallation target

Fuel Assemblies

IPS

• 151 positions

• Diameter: 1450mm• 37 multifunctional plugs

Core and fuel

5.42

5.65

6.55

8.4 mm

1.85

0.45 0.115

P/D = 1.28244…**

1.75

d

(D)

d/D = 0.267

(P)

� Fuel� Cladding in 15-15 Ti� Wire wrap

Core and fuel

Control/Safety rods

� Buoyancy driven control rods� Material

• Tube: T91• Absorber: B 4C (90% enriched)• Absorber pins: 15-15Ti

Control/Safety rods

� Gravity driven scram rods� Material

• Tube: T91• Absorber: B 4C (90% enriched)• Absorber pins: 15-15Ti• Ballast: W

In-Vessel Fuel Handling Machine (IVFHM)

In-vessel fuel handling machine (IVFHM)

� Design parameters� SCARA robot (Selective Compliant Assembly Robot Arm)

�Blind manipulations�Plate and guide for FA and surrounding FA’s�US-sensor for FA-tag reading

� Material: AISI 316L� Diameter: about 2000 mm� Length: about 8 m


Recovery claw #1

Baffle

Recovery claw #2 IVFHM Recovery Port


Reduces area where items can be lost to a minimum

IVFHM working range sufficient for US scanning and recovery

Scanning and recovery area reduced to a minimum

Special inspection and recovery tooling can be foreseen using pump penetration if necessary

BaffleDiaphragm

Pump outlets

Side scanning possible, increasing recovery flexibility

Spallation Target Window

� Produces about 1017 neutrons/s at the reactor mid-plane to feed subcritical core @ keff=0.95

� Fits into a central hole in core � Compact target� Remove produced heat

� Accepts megawatt proton beam� 600 MeV, 4 mA �� ~2.4 MW heat� Cooling of window is feasible

� Material challenges � Preferential working temperature: 450 – 500°C� Service life of at least 3 full power months

(one fuel cycle) is achievable

Spallation target window

� Rotating beam σ 15 mm sweep 25 mm

� Limited heat deposition at stagnation point

� Multi tube concept� 3 Concentric inlet tubes

PHX27.5MW

PHX27.5MW

Condenser55MW

Cooling systems

Primary system:LBE

Secondary system:Saturated water/steam

Tertiary system:Air

Cooling systems

• Decay heat removal (DHR) through secondary loops� 4 independent loops

� redundancy (each loop has 50% to 100% capability)

� passive operation (natural convection in primary, secondary and tertiary loop)

• Ultimate DHR through RVCS (natural convection)

MYRRHA Accelerator Reference design

fundamental characteristics (ADS)

beam energy 600 MeV

beam current 4 mA

mode CW

MTBF > 500 h

implementation

SC Linac

frequency 352 / 704 MHz

reliability = redundancy dual injector

fault tolerance

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MYRRHA: EXPERIMENTAL ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SYSTEM

A pan-European, innovative and unique facility

� Time horizon: full operation ~ 2023

� Costs: ~ EUR 960 million

MYRRHA Multi-purpose HYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications

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