Myers-Briggs Myers-Briggs Personality Type Personality Type Indicator – MBTI Indicator – MBTI Kathy Prem Kathy Prem Engineering Career Services Engineering Career Services University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Madison MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Introduction to Type are MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Introduction to Type are registered trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Trust registered trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Trust
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Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator – MBTI Kathy Prem Engineering Career Services University of Wisconsin-Madison MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Myers-Briggs.
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Engineering Career ServicesEngineering Career Services
University of Wisconsin-MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison
MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Introduction to MBTI, Myers-Briggs, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Introduction to Type are registered trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Type are registered trademarks of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator TrustTrust
E - I DichotomyE - I DichotomyWhere do you prefer to focus Where do you prefer to focus your attention – and get your your attention – and get your energy?energy?
Sensing – Intuition Sensing – Intuition
S - N DichotomyS - N DichotomyHow do you prefer to take in How do you prefer to take in information?information?
Thinking – Feeling Thinking – Feeling
T - F DichotomyT - F DichotomyHow do you make decisions?How do you make decisions?
Judging – PerceivingJudging – Perceiving
J - P DichotomyJ - P DichotomyHow do you deal with the How do you deal with the outer world?outer world?
Caution: MBTICaution: MBTI Word Usage Word Usage
Words used to describe preferences in Words used to describe preferences in psychology do not mean the same thing as psychology do not mean the same thing as they do in everyday lifethey do in everyday life Extravert does not mean talkative or loudExtravert does not mean talkative or loud
Introvert does not mean shy or inhibitedIntrovert does not mean shy or inhibited
Feeling does mean emotionalFeeling does mean emotional
Judging does not mean judgmentalJudging does not mean judgmental
Perceiving does not mean perceptivePerceiving does not mean perceptive
E – I Dichotomy: Source of E – I Dichotomy: Source of EnergyEnergy
Most people who prefer Most people who prefer ExtraversionExtraversion Prefer action over Prefer action over
reflectionreflection May act quickly w/out May act quickly w/out
thinkingthinking Attuned to external Attuned to external
environmentsenvironments Prefer to communicate by Prefer to communicate by
talkingtalking Learn best through doing Learn best through doing
or discussingor discussing Sociable and expressiveSociable and expressive Enjoy working in groupsEnjoy working in groups
Most people who prefer Most people who prefer IntroversionIntroversion Prefer reflection over Prefer reflection over
actionaction May not take action at allMay not take action at all
Attuned to inner worldAttuned to inner world Prefer to communicate in Prefer to communicate in
writingwriting Learn best through Learn best through
thorough mental practice thorough mental practice and reflectionand reflection
Private and containedPrivate and contained Enjoy working alone or in Enjoy working alone or in
pairspairs
Which is worse: no interruptions or frequent Which is worse: no interruptions or frequent interruptions?interruptions?
What is your E – I preference?What is your E – I preference? Exercise Exercise
When you are going to a large When you are going to a large party, what do you do?party, what do you do?
What do you consider a large What do you consider a large party or group?party or group?
S – N Dichotomy: Take in S – N Dichotomy: Take in InformationInformation
Most people who Most people who prefer Sensingprefer Sensing Emphasize the pragmaticEmphasize the pragmatic Prefer facts & details/ Prefer facts & details/
specific informationspecific information Oriented to present Oriented to present
realitiesrealities Value realismValue realism Observe and remember Observe and remember
specifics through 5 sensesspecifics through 5 senses Build carefully and Build carefully and
thoroughly to conclusionsthoroughly to conclusions Trust experienceTrust experience
Most people who Most people who prefer Intuitionprefer Intuition Emphasize the theoreticalEmphasize the theoretical Prefer general concepts/ Prefer general concepts/
high-level planshigh-level plans Oriented to future Oriented to future
possibilitiespossibilities Value imaginationValue imagination See trends and patterns in See trends and patterns in
specific dataspecific data Use a “sixth” senseUse a “sixth” sense Move quickly to Move quickly to
Which is worse – no sense of the present reality or no Which is worse – no sense of the present reality or no sense of the future possibilities?sense of the future possibilities?
What is your S-N preference?What is your S-N preference?
ExerciseExercise How did you decide How did you decide
whom to support?whom to support?
T – F Dichotomy: Decision T – F Dichotomy: Decision MakingMaking
Most people who Most people who prefer Thinkingprefer Thinking AnalyticalAnalytical Use cause-and-effect Use cause-and-effect
reasoning reasoning Solve problems with Solve problems with
logiclogic Strive for objective Strive for objective
standard of truthstandard of truth ReasonableReasonable Search for flaws in an Search for flaws in an
Most people who Most people who prefer Feelingprefer Feeling EmpatheticEmpathetic Guided by personal Guided by personal
valuesvalues Assess impact of Assess impact of
decisions on peopledecisions on people Strive for harmony and Strive for harmony and
positive interactionspositive interactions CompassionateCompassionate Search for point of Search for point of
agreement in an agreement in an argumentargument
Fair – want everyone Fair – want everyone treated as an individualtreated as an individual
Which is worse: working in an environment that lacks Which is worse: working in an environment that lacks logic or an environment that lacks harmony?logic or an environment that lacks harmony?
What is your T-F Preference?What is your T-F Preference?
ExerciseExercise Little League Coach Little League Coach
for the championship for the championship game and you can game and you can only take 11 of 13 only take 11 of 13 players to the gameplayers to the game
What do you do? How What do you do? How do you choose?do you choose?
J – P Dichotomy: LifestyleJ – P Dichotomy: Lifestyle
Most people who Most people who prefer Judgingprefer Judging Scheduled/OrganizedScheduled/Organized Strive to finish one Strive to finish one
project before starting project before starting anotheranother
Like to have things Like to have things decideddecided
May decide things too May decide things too quicklyquickly
Try to avoid last-minute Try to avoid last-minute stresses; finish tasks well stresses; finish tasks well before deadlinebefore deadline
Try to limit surprisesTry to limit surprises See routines as effectiveSee routines as effective
Most people who Most people who prefer Perceivingprefer Perceiving Spontaneous/FlexibleSpontaneous/Flexible Start many projects but Start many projects but
may have trouble may have trouble finishing themfinishing them
Like things loose and Like things loose and open to changeopen to change
May decide things too May decide things too slowlyslowly
Feel energized by last-Feel energized by last-minute pressures; finish minute pressures; finish tasks at the deadlinetasks at the deadline
Enjoy surprisesEnjoy surprises See routines as limitingSee routines as limiting
Which is worse: “winging it” or adhering to a schedule?Which is worse: “winging it” or adhering to a schedule?
What is your J-P Preference?What is your J-P Preference? ExerciseExercise
Sending you on a Sending you on a vacationvacation
$5,000$5,000 What do you do? How What do you do? How
do you go about it?do you go about it?
What IS your TypeWhat IS your Type??
1.1. Today’s discussion gives you a self-Today’s discussion gives you a self-estimate or assessment of your typeestimate or assessment of your type
2.2. Your MBTI results will report the preferences Your MBTI results will report the preferences you choose on the Indicatoryou choose on the Indicator
3.3. Final type assessment requires agreement Final type assessment requires agreement between self assessment and MBTI between self assessment and MBTI responsesresponses
Composite TypeComposite Type
One letter from each dichotomyOne letter from each dichotomy
Sum equals more than the partsSum equals more than the parts It represents the dynamic interactions among the It represents the dynamic interactions among the
preferences in your typepreferences in your type
No hierarchy among the types; each identifies No hierarchy among the types; each identifies normal and valuable personalitiesnormal and valuable personalities
Why should we care?Why should we care?
Individual Benefits: Gain insights into Individual Benefits: Gain insights into personalitypersonality Reduce your defensiveness when involved in a Reduce your defensiveness when involved in a
disagreementdisagreement
Increase your openness to feedback (clues) from Increase your openness to feedback (clues) from what is going on around youwhat is going on around you
Improve your ability to see others more accuratelyImprove your ability to see others more accurately
Enhance your ability to appreciate differences in Enhance your ability to appreciate differences in yourself and in othersyourself and in others
Improve your ability to choose realistic goalsImprove your ability to choose realistic goals
Why should we care?Why should we care?
Staff Benefits: Appreciate othersStaff Benefits: Appreciate others Make constructive use of individual approachesMake constructive use of individual approaches
Allow for creative problem-solving; Different types Allow for creative problem-solving; Different types approach problems in different, yet valid waysapproach problems in different, yet valid ways
Understand and adapt to leadership’s management Understand and adapt to leadership’s management stylestyle
Respect people’s work preferencesRespect people’s work preferences
Improve communication among supervisors, peers, Improve communication among supervisors, peers, employees, customersemployees, customers
Why should we care?Why should we care?
ExampleExample Approach to staff meetings that accommodate both Approach to staff meetings that accommodate both
introverts and extraverts? introverts and extraverts?
Want to complete the MBTIWant to complete the MBTI??
OptionalOptional Results are Results are confidentialconfidential unless you decide to unless you decide to
shareshare 15-20 Minutes15-20 Minutes
Responding to MBTIResponding to MBTI Questions Questions
Relaxed settingRelaxed setting
Don’t “think” too much about any one Don’t “think” too much about any one question; your initial reaction is most usefulquestion; your initial reaction is most useful
If you do not understand a word, you may skip If you do not understand a word, you may skip the questionthe question
Both choices may be attractive to you; pick the Both choices may be attractive to you; pick the BEST fitBEST fit
Determining Your TypeDetermining Your Type
MBTIMBTI Response Sheet Response Sheet NOT necessarily your “true type”NOT necessarily your “true type” If several unanswered questions, be aware the If several unanswered questions, be aware the
results may not be as accurateresults may not be as accurate Preference ClarityPreference Clarity
Not how well-developed you are!Not how well-developed you are!– How consistently you reported a preferenceHow consistently you reported a preference– How accurate the results areHow accurate the results are
You must verify results by reading and You must verify results by reading and accepting the profileaccepting the profile
Influences on Self-ReportingInfluences on Self-Reporting
Stress or boredomStress or boredom Personal, work, otherPersonal, work, other
Currently at a cross-roadsCurrently at a cross-roads Literally unable to identify own preferencesLiterally unable to identify own preferences
Institutional, supervisory, family, “should’s”Institutional, supervisory, family, “should’s” Not a “shoes-off” environmentNot a “shoes-off” environment
Conference meeting setting – Difficult to set aside Conference meeting setting – Difficult to set aside business frame of mindbusiness frame of mind
Personal misunderstanding of or “values Personal misunderstanding of or “values laden” concept behind word pairs usedladen” concept behind word pairs used
Influences on Self-ReportingInfluences on Self-Reporting
Societal values Societal values May cause over-reporting of particular May cause over-reporting of particular
TypesTypes Vary among culturesVary among cultures
In U.S., overall cultural values favor ESTJ In U.S., overall cultural values favor ESTJ TypeType
Source: From Teambuilding Program (2nd Edition), E. Hirsh, K. W. Hirsh, S. Krebs Hirsh, 2003, CPP, Inc.
Understanding TypeUnderstanding Type in in “uncomfortable” situations“uncomfortable” situations
Potential PitfallsPotential Pitfalls Characteristics when under stress or Characteristics when under stress or
“uncomfortable” (out of Type“uncomfortable” (out of Type)) ExamplesExamples
Overcrowded schedule may force you to exhibit Overcrowded schedule may force you to exhibit more judging traits than you may prefermore judging traits than you may prefer
Team projects may force you to work as an Team projects may force you to work as an extravert; brainstorming, talking through problems extravert; brainstorming, talking through problems vs. thinking them through on your ownvs. thinking them through on your own
Concrete information may be more valued more Concrete information may be more valued more than “gut-feeling” approachthan “gut-feeling” approach
Staff meeting may focus on everyone’s involvement Staff meeting may focus on everyone’s involvement first, when you would prefer to address the task first, when you would prefer to address the task first.first.
To Take to the Office with YouTo Take to the Office with You
With similar types on a team:With similar types on a team: The team will understand each other easily and quicklyThe team will understand each other easily and quickly Will reach decisions quickly, but will be more likely to Will reach decisions quickly, but will be more likely to
make errors due to not taking in all viewpointsmake errors due to not taking in all viewpoints May fail to appreciate gifts of the “outlying” typesMay fail to appreciate gifts of the “outlying” types
With a variety of types on a team:With a variety of types on a team: Longer to establish communication between the Longer to establish communication between the
members of the teammembers of the team Less likely to overlook possibilities and detailsLess likely to overlook possibilities and details Longer to reach consensus Longer to reach consensus
Source: From Teambuilding Program (2nd Edition), E. Hirsh, K. W. Hirsh, S. Krebs Hirsh, 2003, CPP, Inc.