Current and Future Research Dr Alex Singleton University College London www.alex- singleton.com
My Current and Future Research
Jan 17, 2015
This talk details my current and future research in the area of GIS and Geodemographics for public sector decision making.
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Current and Future Research
Dr Alex Singleton
University College Londonwww.alex-singleton.com
All publication titles and abstracts - to July 2010
• Public Sector Geodemographics and GIS– Widening Access to Higher Education
• Schools as containers for potential participants
Richard Webber et al– CACI (ACORN)– Experian (Mosaic)
Liverpool Area Study (1971)
ONS Output Area Classification
Participation in “HE” has increased1
96
2
19
64
19
66
19
68
19
70
19
72
19
74
19
76
19
78
19
80
19
82
19
84
19
86
19
88
19
90
19
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
08
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
Applicants
Accepts
Universities & PolytechnicColleges Merged(UCCA & PCAS)
ADAR / UCAS
SWAS / UCAS
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Routine occupations
Semi-routine occupations
Lower supervisory and technical occupations
Small employers and own account workers
Intermediate occupations
Lower managerial and pro-fessional occupations
Higher managerial and pro-fessional occupations
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Unknown
Routine occupations
Semi-routine occupations
Lower supervisory and technical occupations
Small employers and own account workers
Intermediate occupations
Lower managerial and pro-fessional occupations
Higher managerial and pro-fessional occupations
Who goes to university?
Young Participation 2004 - UK
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Blue Collar Communities
City Living
Countryside
Prospering Suburbs
Constrained by Circumstances
Typical Traits
Multicultural
Young Participation 2004 - UK
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Blue Collar Communities
City Living
Countryside
Prospering Suburbs
Constrained by Circumstances
Typical Traits
Multicultural
Prospering Suburbs
Countryside
Aspiring Households 1 & 2
Asian Communities 3
Blue Collar Communities
Constrained by Circumstances
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Educational Opportunity: the Geography of Access to Higher Education. Farnham, Ashgate.
Who goes to university?
Geography
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Educational Opportunity: the Geography of Access to Higher Education. Farnham, Ashgate.
Who goes to university?
Town and Country Planning
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Educational Opportunity: the Geography of Access to Higher Education. Farnham, Ashgate.
Who goes to university?
Geology
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Educational Opportunity: the Geography of Access to Higher Education. Farnham, Ashgate.
Who goes to university?
Sociology
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Educational Opportunity: the Geography of Access to Higher Education. Farnham, Ashgate.
Singleton, A., Longley, P.A. (2009) Creating Open Source Geodemographics: Refining a National Classification of Census Output Areas for Applications in Higher Education. Papers in Regional Science, 88(3), 643-666.
One size fits all?
K-means (100 runs of k-means on OAC data set for k=4)
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115 121 127 133 139 145
Run
RS
Q
Singleton, A., Longley, P.A. (2009) Creating Open Source Geodemographics: Refining a National Classification of Census Output Areas for Applications in Higher Education. Papers in Regional Science, 88(3), 643-666.
Adnan, M., Longley, P.A., Singleton, A.D., Brunsdon, C. (2010) Towards Real-Time Geodemographics: Clustering Algorithm Performance for Large Multidimensional Spatial Databases. Transactions in GIS, 14(3),283 – 297 .
One size fits all?
Public consultation?
Longley, P., Singleton, A.D. (2009) Classification through Consultation: Public Views of the Geography of the e-Society. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 23(6), 737 – 763.
79,051 hits over the 13 day period 3,952 feedback responses
Longley, P., Singleton, A.D. (2009) Classification through Consultation: Public Views of the Geography of the e-Society. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 23(6), 737 – 763.
Public consultation?
National Pupil Database
Policy Intervention
Time
Singleton, A.D. (2010) The Geodemographics of Educational Progression and their Implications for Widening Participation in Higher Education. Environment and Planning A. In Press.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
HE
Pro
gres
sion
Rat
e w
ith 9
5% C
onfid
ence
Int
erva
ls (
%)
Wealthy mature professionals, large houses
HE Progression Rates (KS4 – HE)
Families and single parents, semis and terraces
Struggling FamiliesWealthy Executives
Singleton, A.D. (2010) The Geodemographics of Educational Progression and their Implications for Widening Participation in Higher Education. Environment and Planning A. In Press.
“Those technical developments in web mapping technology and spatial data infrastructures that have significantly changed how users collect
share and interact with geographic information on-line”
School Catchment (www.educationprofiler.org)
Singleton, A.D., Allen, R., Longley, P.A. (2010) Estimating Secondary School Catchment Areas and Visualizing the Geographic Equity of Choice. At Computers, Environment and Urban Systems.
Singleton, A.D. (2010) Neogeography. In B Warf (eds.) Encyclopaedia of Geography. London: Sage, In Press.
ESRC First Grant
Singleton, A.D., Wilson, A., O’Brien, O. (2010) Integrating Geodemographics and Spatial Interaction Models for Widening Participation in Higher Education. At Journal of Geographical Systems.
ESRC First Grant
Singleton, A.D., Wilson, A., O’Brien, O. (2010) Integrating Geodemographics and Spatial Interaction Models for Widening Participation in Higher Education. At Journal of Geographical Systems.
• Next Steps• Expand to Wales and Scotland• Refine the model
• Account for international flows• Alternative classifications• Additional parameters (e.g. subjects)• Alternative distance matrix (travel)
• New domains• Applying method in new areas
• Urban Shrinkage
>20 Flow Modularity – 13 Clusters
Towards a language of socio-spatial interaction
Singleton, A.D., Longley, P.A. (2009) Geodemographics, Visualization, and Social Networks in Applied Geography. Applied Geography. 29(3), 289-298.
Towards a language of socio-spatial interaction
Challenges
• Evaluation of “community” detection algorithms– Sensitivity to “noise” reduction
• Methods of aggregation which account for node characteristics– Mixed model combining structure and attributes
• Multilevel• School• University• Work
Towards a language of socio-spatial interaction
FSM
Any Questions?
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