MW Antenna Material

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2023年5月3日 星期三

Microwave Antenna

Alignment

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

www.huawei.com

Wang FuzhongTransmission Engineering Dept.

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Tools and Resources for antenna Alignment Riggers for antenna alignment: 4person, 2 for each site

Multimeter: 2pcs, one for each site

Laptop: 1, for Radio configuration and RSL check

Engineering Order Wire handset

Spanner (Wrench)

Binoscopic

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Antenna Radial Profile

Simplified to

>15dB

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Antenna Radial Pattern Envelope (RPE)Top or side View of the antenna (RPE)

Main Beam

1st Side Lobe

The theoretic difference of the gains between main beam with 1st side lobe: 15 to 20dB.

During panning, If the difference between RSL with objective is less than 15dB, it means the main beam already touched. Just do the fine-tuning.

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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

Main beam

1st Side Lobe

Boresight View

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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

SideView

TopView

Main beam

1st Side Lobe

Main beam

Main beam

Boresight View

HPBW

FNBW: First Null BeamWidth

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Antenna AlignmentPan the antenna by Multi-meter & LCT

+3.45V

RSSI/VAGC

1st Side Lobe Main beam

Azimuth

ODU

Multi-MeterRSSI or AGC Voltage

IDU

IF

CABL

E

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Antenna panning (Horizontal)

TopView

Main beamMain beam

1st Side Lobe

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Antenna Panning (Vertical)

SideView

Main beamMain beam

1st Side Lobe

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Antenna Alignment (Horizontal)

Misaligned Proper Aligned

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Antenna Alignment

Line A-A represents the azimuth tracking path of a properly aligned antenna.

The main beam is at point 2, and the first side lobe at points 1 and 3.

Boresight View of Azimuth Tracking

Paths for Different Elevations Signal Levels for Each Track

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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

Up and Down Misaligned

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Aligned properly

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

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Special alignment to mitigate specular reflection multipath fading for extremely long haul

Proper Aligned

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

A little up-tilt (0.35 to 0.5 degree, depending on the FNBW) of the antennas so as to mitigate major ground specular refelection which result in multi-path fading at long haul link which over water-body

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Steps for MW Installation Check RFT (Ready for Telecom)

Safety check

Antenna and Outdoor works first under good weather condition

IF cabling or Elliptical waveguide laying

Indoor works (even in bad weather or night time)

Labelling all the cables and links

Grounding

Premises Cleaning after the works

Power Tapping

etc.

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Steps for antennas panning

Pointing both side antennas to each other by azimuth

Power on both sides’ radio

Panning by multi-meters as well as Laptop with LCT

Keep one antenna, i.e. Antenna #01 immobility (fixed temporary)

Panning antenna #02 (coordinate antenna) at azimuth first(Horizental),

achieve RSL(or RSSI) peak, then by up/down (or Vertically), achieve

the peak RSL (or RSSI) also, fix it temporary

Panning antenna #01 with the same way as above, then fix it

Panning both sides antennas alternately till to achieve expected RSL

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