LUCRARE DE ATESTATLUCRARE DE ATESTATCOLEGIUL NATIONAL ,,MIRCEA
CEL BATRAN COLEGIUL NATIONAL ,,MIRCEA CEL BATRANMUSICAL
THEATREMUSICAL THEATREABSOLVENT: ABSOLVENT:ENACHE EMILIA-GEORGIANA
ENACHE EMILIA-GEORGIANAPROFESOR COORDONATOR: PROFESOR
COORDONATOR:ANDREI STELUTA ANDREI STELUTACONSTANTA CONSTANTAMAI
2015 MAI 2015 ABSTRACTABSTRACTFrom my point of view, musical
theatre is probably the mostFrom my point of view, musical theatre
is probably the most complex, dynamic and entertaining performing
art. complex, dynamic and entertaining performing art.My passion
for music has triggered my genuine admiration forMy passion for
music has triggered my genuine admiration for brilliant artists
such as Barbra Streisand, Idina Menzel, izabrilliant artists such
as Barbra Streisand, Idina Menzel, iza Minelli, !ulie "ndrews and
#atti u#one. Minelli, !ulie "ndrews and #atti u#one.Broadway, the
most well$%nown venue for musical theatreBroadway, the most
well$%nown venue for musical theatre productions could be
considered a national icon. productions could be considered a
national icon.&owever, perhaps the most notable feature of
musicals is the&owever, perhaps the most notable feature of
musicals is the ability to maintain their popularity nowadays,
whenability to maintain their popularity nowadays, when
cinematography seems to monopolise the entertainmentcinematography
seems to monopolise the entertainment business. business.
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONDefnitionDefnitionA musical represents a
stage, television or filmA musical represents a stage, television
or film production using popular-style songs, spokenproduction
using popular-style songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dancing.
dialogue, acting and dancing.Classifcation:Classifcation:Book
musicals have been known as: comic operas,Book musicals have been
known as: comic operas, operettas, opera bouffe, burlesque,
burletta,operettas, opera bouffe, burlesque, burletta, extravagana,
musical comedy. extravagana, musical comedy.!evues have their roots
in variety, vaudeville, music!evues have their roots in variety,
vaudeville, music halls and minstrel shows. halls and minstrel
shows. ELEMENTS OF A MUSICALELEMENTS OF A MUSICALFrom a purely
technical point of view, all musicalsFrom a purely technical point
of view, all musicals consist of certain key elements: consist of
certain key elements: Music and lyrics Music and lyrics
Book/Libretto Book/Libretto Choreoraphy Choreoraphy !tain"#ll stae
movement !tain"#ll stae movement $hysical production"%he sets,
costumes, and$hysical production"%he sets, costumes, and technical
aspects technical aspects HISTORYHISTORYANTIQUITY TO MIDDLE
AGESANTIQUITY TO MIDDLE AGES'ontrary to popular belief,'ontrary to
popular belief, Oklahoma!Oklahoma! was not the first musical, as
the comedieswas not the first musical, as the comedies and
tragedies of ancient (reece included dialogue, song and dance,
which were usedand tragedies of ancient (reece included dialogue,
song and dance, which were used as storytelling tools. )uring the
*th century B', (ree% dramatists "eschylus andas storytelling
tools. )uring the *th century B', (ree% dramatists "eschylus and
Sophocles composed their own music to accompany their plays and
alsoSophocles composed their own music to accompany their plays and
also choreographed the dances of the chorus. choreographed the
dances of the chorus.+ver time, tragedy became ,ust one of three
different types of drama, all of which+ver time, tragedy became
,ust one of three different types of drama, all of which involved
music and dance- involved music and dance- Trag!" Trag!" was somber
in tone, usually using stories ta%en from was somber in tone,
usually using stories ta%en from(ree% mythology. .he characters
existed solely within their dramatic (ree% mythology. .he
characters existed solely within their dramaticframewor%, never
referring to current events.framewor%, never referring to current
events. C#$!" C#$!" was lighter in tone and usually provided a
happy resolution was lighter in tone and usually provided a happy
resolutionto the plot. 'haracters could openly address the
audience, to the plot. 'haracters could openly address the
audience,mentioning recent news events. mentioning recent news
events.Sa%"r &'a"( Sa%"r &'a"( involved mythological
half$men/half$beasts who were involved mythological
half$men/half$beasts who wereclosely associated with the worship of
)ionysus. closely associated with the worship of )ionysus. (ree%
vase depicting a scene from(ree% vase depicting a scene from The
Eumenides The Eumenides, a tragedy, a tragedy written by "eschylus
written by "eschylus THE MIDDLE AGESTHE MIDDLE AGESIn the twelfth
and thirteenth centuries,In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries,
the 'atholic 'hurch activelythe 'atholic 'hurch actively encouraged
the development andencouraged the development and presentation of
liturgical musicalpresentation of liturgical musical dramas.
dramas.ater, 0mystery plays0 appeared..heyater, 0mystery plays0
appeared..hey told a biblical story in a se1uence oftold a biblical
story in a se1uence of entertaining parts. Several
pageantentertaining parts. Several pageant wagons 2stages on
wheels3 wouldwagons 2stages on wheels3 would move around the city,
and a group ofmove around the city, and a group of actors would
tell their part of theactors would tell their part of the story.
+nce finished, the group wouldstory. +nce finished, the group would
move on with their wagon, and themove on with their wagon, and the
next group would arrive to tell its partnext group would arrive to
tell its part of the story.of the story. Some of these wor%s,
including 4.heSome of these wor%s, including 4.he #lay of
&erod5 and 4.he #lay of#lay of &erod5 and 4.he #lay of
)aniel5, are occasionally performed)aniel5, are occasionally
performed today.today. RENAISSANCE TO THE RENAISSANCE TO THE
1800s1800sIn the 1400s,In the 1400s, commedia dellartecommedia
dellarte deve!"ed #ndeve!"ed #n It$%, &he'e #t 'e($#ned "!")$'
*!' the ne+t *!)'It$%, &he'e #t 'e($#ned "!")$' *!' the ne+t
*!)' ,ent)'#es, -)t ,!((ed#$.st%e t'!)"es &e'e s!!n,ent)'#es,
-)t ,!((ed#$.st%e t'!)"es &e'e s!!n *!)nd $ !ve' ,!nt#nent$
E)'!"e/ A&$%s !n the*!)nd $ !ve' ,!nt#nent$ E)'!"e/ A&$%s
!n the (!ve, these ,!("$n#es )sed n! &'#tten s,'#"ts/(!ve,
these ,!("$n#es )sed n! &'#tten s,'#"ts/ Inste$d, the%
#("'!v#sed "e'*!'($n,es )s#n0 $Inste$d, the% #("'!v#sed
"e'*!'($n,es )s#n0 $ ,!'e 0'!)" !* st!,1 ,h$'$,te's t! en$,t
h)nd'eds,!'e 0'!)" !* st!,1 ,h$'$,te's t! en$,t h)nd'eds !* st!,1
s,en$'#!s/ !* st!,1 s,en$'#!s/A t%"#,$ "!t &!)d #nv!ve $ "$#'
!* %!)n0 !ve'sA t%"#,$ "!t &!)d #nv!ve $ "$#' !* %!)n0 !ve's 22
innamoratiinnamorati 3 th&$'ted -% !ne !' (!'e3 th&$'ted -%
!ne !' (!'e ede's 2ede's 2 vecchivecchi 3, -)t event)$% !)ts($'t#n0
the(3, -)t event)$% !)ts($'t#n0 the( th the he" !* $ s%("$thet#,
se'v$nt 2th the he" !* $ s%("$thet#, se'v$nt 2 zannizanni 3 3s),h
$s H$'e4)#n !' C!)(-#n$/s),h $s H$'e4)#n !' C!)(-#n$/ COMIC AND
BALLAD COMIC AND BALLAD OPERAOPERA
By the 67th century, two forms of musical theatre were popular
in Britain-By the 67th century, two forms of musical theatre were
popular in Britain- ballad operas, such as !ohn (ay8sballad operas,
such as !ohn (ay8s The Beggar's Opera The Beggar's Opera 269:73,
that269:73, that included lyrics written to the tunes of popular
songs of the day; included lyrics written to the tunes of popular
songs of the day;comic operas, with original scores and mostly
romantic plot lines,comic operas, with original scores and mostly
romantic plot lines, li%e Michael Balfe8sli%e Michael Balfe8s The
Bohemian Girl The Bohemian Girl 267?, playwright @illiam S. (ilbert
and composer "rthur Sullivan wrote 6< comic operas. composer
"rthur Sullivan wrote 6< comic operas..he most successful of the
operas presented at the Savoy.he most successful of the operas
presented at the Savoy .heatre was.heatre was The Mikado The Mikado
2677*3, which made fun of Anglish2677*3, which made fun of Anglish
bureaucracy, thinly disguised by a !apanese setting. .he
storybureaucracy, thinly disguised by a !apanese setting. .he story
revolves around the son of the Mi%ado of !apan, who falls
inrevolves around the son of the Mi%ado of !apan, who falls in love
with a girl engaged to her guardian.love with a girl engaged to her
guardian. The Mikado The Mikado became the partnership8s
longest$running hit,became the partnership8s longest$running hit,
en,oying ?9: performances at the Savoy .heatre, which wasen,oying
?9: performances at the Savoy .heatre, which was the second longest
run for any wor% of musical theatre. the second longest run for any
wor% of musical theatre. THE MI9ADOTHE MI9ADO &enry A. )ixey in
"donis2677:=s B6>:=s B Sally Sally andand No, No, Nanette No,
No, Nanette . ..he annual.he annual Ziegfeld ollies !ere Ziegfeld
ollies !ere spectacular song$and$dancespectacular song$and$dance
revues on Broadway featuring extravagant sets and costumes.revues
on Broadway featuring extravagant sets and costumes. .he last hit
operetta of the era on Broadway was.he last hit operetta of the era
on Broadway was Comberg8sComberg8s The Ne! Moon The Ne! Moon in
6>:7. in 6>:7..he (reat )epression affected theatre audiences
on both sides.he (reat )epression affected theatre audiences on
both sides of the "tlantic, as people had little money to spend
onof the "tlantic, as people had little money to spend on
entertainment. entertainment.)espite the economic woes of the
decade and the competition)espite the economic woes of the decade
and the competition from film, the musical survived, moving towards
politicalfrom film, the musical survived, moving towards political
satire in productions such as-satire in productions such as- Of
Thee " Sing Of Thee " Sing,, "'d #ather Be"'d #ather Be #ight #ight
andand $ni%ker&o%ker 'oliday( $ni%ker&o%ker 'oliday( A
s,ene *'!( A s,ene *'!( SallySally 21