MUS 463 Class Notes1/08/14 Week 1
-Big beats vs. little beats (macrobeats/microbeats)- Movement:
Stationary before loco motor - Resting tone: Bummmmm
Pollywaddle Song -Rote Song procedure:1. Listen to song2. Think
the song3. Sing without the teacher-Audiate: Thinking and
understanding music in your head
Why is music education?a. Why is music education important?
Music aptitude Music develops similarly to language (acculturation,
imitation, assimilation) Brain Synapses 90% are formed before a
childs 1st birthday, born with synapses specifically created for
music processingb. What is the purpose of music education?
Providing tools for students to be creative Express things that
words cant say Reflectivec. Why bother with music? Form of
expression Artistic component
Acculturation Gamesa. Flow, acculturation patterns- no
response1. Paint the room Harvest (ECC 29)2. Stirring Soup - Dorian
Litb. So what did you/we do? (Leading questions describe movement,
what did you notice about the songs, anything else you noticed?)1.
Flow/Continuous fluid movement2. Songs with no words 3. Tonal
pattern vocabulary4. Acculturation/Immersion c. Dinosaur Diet 1.
Macrobeats, microbeats, stationary, move to locomotor, RT
response.d. So, what did we do? 1. Big/little beats
(macrobeats/microbeats)
Outcomes of Elementary Music:a. What should students be able to
do musically by the end of elementary school?b. What skills and
knowledge should they have?
Music Aptitude Born with this stabilizes at age 9 Music ed helps
students achieve their potential Tonal aptitude (tone) Rhythm
aptitude (beat) Music develops along the same lines as language
9 National Standards for Music:1. Singing2. Playing
instruments3. Improvising4. Composing & Arranging 5. Reading
& Notating6. Listening to, analyzing, and describing7.
Evaluating 8. Understanding relationships between music, other
arts, and other disciplines9. Understanding music in relation to
history and culture
(For Next Time): 1. Join Edmodo 2. Readings 3. Assignment
1/15/14 Week 2
History of Music Education Religious singing hymns War related
military bands Lowell Mason father of music education Filled with
ebbs and flows1992 Goals 2000 Viable assessment based curriculum
National standards Creativity Diversity Listening SkillsThree
Domains of Teaching Cognitive (intellectual learning) Psychomotor
(physical skills) Affective (feeling/emotion) Music education
should start ASAPMusic Aptitude vs. Music Achievement Everyone has
aptitude Innate not inherited Normally distributed among
peopleDevelopmental versus stabilized (age 9)Audiation Means
hearing and comprehension of music in ones head Involves a sense of
tonal/rhythm syntax Ability to think IN musical sound Prediction
Audiation is to music what thought is to language.Sequential Music
Learning Music/language parallels Listening, speaking, reading,
writing Informal versus formal learning Language developmentMusic
Development Music babble Kids move out of babble w/ unstructured
and structured play activities Learn what something is based on
what it is notTonalities 7 total Major Minor Dorian FrovianWhat
Should We Teach? National Standards for Music Education (9 total)5
Elements of Music Expressive Qualities (tempo, dynamics, timbre)
Harmony Melody Rhythm FormExpressive Qualities Tempo speed of the
beat Flight of the Bumblebee vs. Elephant Hungarian Dance #6
(combination) Mountain King Dynamics volume Can focus on opposites
(loud/soft) or gradual change Eye of the Tiger (loud) Gnomes
(combined) Timbre sound color or quality Everything thats not the
melodyListening Allows children to absorb the music and build music
vocabulary Acculturate to music Experience things you cant provide
with voice Helps children become critical listenersElements of Good
Listening Examples Instrumental (or in another language) Variety of
styles Varying dynamics Varying tempos Length: 60-90 seconds for
young, 2-3 minutes for olderWhat are kids doing during listening?
Passive listening Background music Active listening Listen for
specific elements and concepts Movement focused on specific music
elements Listening maps to focus attention on elements
1/29/14 Week 3Timbre The combination of qualities of a sound
that distinguishes it from other sounds of the same pitch and
volume. Everything about a tone that is NOT a pitch (how high or
low it is) or volume (how loud or soft it is) How do you know which
of these recordings is which?
Elements of Music1. Expressive qualitiesa. Tempob. Dynamicsc.
Articulationd. Timbre2. Forma. Phrasesb. AB/ABAc. Call/Responsed.
Rondoe. Sections3. Rhythma. Beatb. Beat groupingsc. Long/Short
durations4. Melody a. High/low b. Up/down/samec. Steps/skipsd.
Major/minor tonality 5. Harmonya. Drones/ostinatosb. Chords
RHYTHMBeat: Beat: Steady pulse of music Can change tempo 2
layers of beat: Macrobeat and Microbeat Children tend to feel
microbeat before macrobeat Spider fingers (microbeat) Teach by rote
before having students find Discrimination learning vs. inference
learningMeter:(Involves the layering of
macrobeats/microbeats)(Determined by how the macrobeats are
divided) Macros divided into 2s: Duple Meter Macros divided into
3s: Triple Meter Macros divided into 2s and 3s: Combined Meter
Uneven Macros: Unusual MeterRhythm Rhythms: long and short
durations and the organization of sounds and silences in time
Involves time/timing Rhythm patters: rhythmic words Can use rhythm
syllables Melodic rhythm: rhythm of the melody (what you sing)
Gordans 3 Layers of Rhythm Top Layer: Melodic RhythmMiddle
Layer: MicrobeatsBottom Layer: Macrobeats
Song or Chant?
Songs are sung. Chants are chanted Both songs and chants have
rhythm/meter Songs have pitch/tonality, but chants do Not Examples:
Noble Duke of York Scrubba DubbaGroup Activity: Creating a Chant
Choose a classroom subject or procedure Write a chant with four
lines The rhythm must be different in at least one line Type your
chant into a slide Perform the chant for the class two times (Once
on words, once on bah)
Movement Importance Contributes to physical development (body
awareness/coordination) Aids in understanding musical concepts
(especially rhythm!) Helps develop musical sensitivity/expression
Helps develop creativity/imagination * Movement is different from
dance! *
Body Awareness Is my body moving or still? What part(s) of my
body is(are) moving? Examples: Go and Stop- awareness of moving or
not, ways we can move our bodies Popcorn Macro/micro, isolating
body parts
Laban Movement ElementsCreated by Rudolf van Laban (All 4
elements are on a continuum and all relate to each other)
Flow (Free-Bound) Free, fluid, uninterrupted, smooth movement
AKA Continuous, fluid movement (CFM) Readiness for beat! (Flow,
flow and pulse) Flowing first: keep tempo consistent Example: Give
an object a ride on hand/other parts (smooth, circular pathways)
Free= relaxed, loose, difficult to stop Example: Swimming Bound=
stiff, difficult to keep movingExample: Superhero muscles Both=
alternate between Example: Spaghetti noodles uncooked or
cookedExample: Swim in oil, peanut butterWeight (Strong-Gentle)
Strong = Feel body weight (not just stomping)Example: Big heavy
snowball pass around the circle Gentle= floating feeling Example:
Eggs on floor walk without breaking! Both Example: Dont crack the
eggs! DO crack the eggs!Space Self/Shared Example: Freeze like a
statue in self space and shared space Open/Closed shapesExample:
BalloonExample: M is for Mary Levels High, Medium, LowExample:
Statues in levels Locomotor/Stationary Example: Popcorn
Direct/Indirect: Straight, curvy pathwaysTime (Quick-Sustained)
Quick: Freeze quickly into a statue Sustained: Slo-mo statues Both:
Bubble Gum slow blowing up, then fast pop
(Things to remember)-Less talking is better-Modeling is
best-Give clear, concise directions. -Have a signal to end, if
needed
2/5/14 Week 4
Early Childhood Music
Why is it important for children to be exposed to music as early
as possible? Brain development Music aptitude Music/language
learning parallels
How do young children learn music? Preparatory Audiation Stages
everyone goes through before achieving audiation Requires proper
guidance and sufficient exposure to music Occurs in three
stages
3 Stages for Preparatory Audiation-Acculturation-Imitation
-Assimilation
Acculturation (Stage 1)(Preparatory audiation stage1)
Approximately birth to age 2-4Musical age vs. chronical age Divided
into three sub-stages1.Absorption2. Random response3. Purposeful
ResponseAbsorption: Sub-stage 1 Kids listen and observe Songs
without words/no piano kids tune into the melody Same
key/tonality/meter/tempo each time the same song is sung or chanted
Lots of vocal inflection Recorded music: dynamic, timbre contrasts
but with a consistent tempo
Random Response: Sub-stage 2Moves and babbles in response to,
but with no relation to, the music
Purposeful Response: Sub-stage 3 Tonal/Rhythm babble Child has
no idea that their response is incorrect Teacher exposes child to
tonal/rhythm patterns after songs/chants they will respond more
once theyve heard more songs/chants Teacher imitates child response
and then performs correct pattern Audiation range: D-A
Imitation (Stage 2)(Preparatory audiation stage 2) Approximately
age 2-4 to age 3-5 Divided into two sub-stages1. Shedding
Egocentricity 2. Breaking the Code
Shedding Egocentricity (Sub-Stage 1) Audiation stare
Breaking the Code (Sub-Stage 2) Child imitates with some
precision, just not consistently
Assimilation (Stage 3)(Preparatory audiation stage
3)Approximately age 3-5 to age 4-6Divided into two sub-stages 1.
Introspection2. Coordination
Introspection (Sub-stage 1) Child recognizes a lack of
coordination between their performance and the teachers Usually is
missing the breath
Coordination (Sub-stage 3) Child coordinates singing and
chanting with breath/movement
Sample Early Childhood ActivitiesCan you tell what the purpose
of each activity is? Hello Song Move and Stop Charlie the Fish
Valentine Haul Away Joe Stretch and Bounce Ocean Waves Stirring my
Brew Echo mic Hickety Pickety Bumblebee Pennsylvania Dreamin,
Snowflake, Firecracker - scarves
Early Childhood Classroom Environment Informal guidance vs.
formal instruction Menu of activities No expectations of specific
child responses Very little talking! Pattern instructionTonal and
rhythm
2/12/14 Week 5
Music BabbleMusic Babble Informal Child teachers him/herself
Responds to the tonal/rhythm syntax of music A person is in music
babble until he/she can sing in tune or mover with consistent
tempo. Two Dimensions:1.Tonal2. Rhythm (Not related to each
other)
Tonal Babble One prevalent pitch Different pitch for different
songs Expands from monotone to patterns in songs Out of tonal
babble when child sings familiar and unfamiliar songs in tune
Rhythm Babble Movements unrelated to music Patterns emerge that
are consistent but still dont relate to the music Movement patterns
become consistent = consistent tempo Out of rhythm babble when
child moves consistently with the beat of the music and performs
rhythms correctly
Aural/Oral Aural= Listening vocabulary Oral= Singing/chanting
vocabulary Basis of audiation Enhanced by informal music activities
Varied activities
Early Childhood Curriculum ECCSong Instruction
Coordination/movement instructionChant instructionTonal pattern
instruction Rhythm pattern InstructionListening
Song Instruction Establish Tonality Always sing in same key,
tonality, meter, and tempoMovement Instruction Bilateral arms/legs
Alternating arms/legs Stationary before locomotor
Chant Instruction Establish Meter Consistent meter and tempo
every time
Pattern Instruction Tonal patterns Rhythm patterns Informal = do
not expect a response
Listening Instrumental Variety of styles Changes in timbre
Contrasting dynamic sections Unusual tonalities/meters
MelodyMelody Succession of pitches that make up the tune of a
song Has different aspects
Aspects of Melody Contour High/Low Up/Down/Same
Skips/Steps/leaps/repeats Tonality Major/minor/others Relationships
around a pitch center Gives tonal flavor Solfege as a tool;
happy/Sad as a hint Scales= series of half/whole steps Half step
from key to key (NO keys in between)
Singing Voice DevelopmentWhy is singing voice development
important? Roots of music education in U.S. are signing Singing
teachers students to use the instrument they already have and can
take anywhere
Mechanics of the Voice Posture is important Breathing is
essential Tension is bad Audition is necessary Learning to sing
depends on: Developing audiation Finding your singing voice
Finding Singing Voice Sirens Owl Hoots Train Whistle
Slides/rollercoaster Different ways of using voice This is my
________ voice
Presenting a good vocal model Demonstrate good posture Do NOT
use vibrato Sing in an appropriate range for children! Men: sing in
your range (octave lower), but give children their starting pitch
Sing TO children, not With children Give opportunities for children
to sing alone
Stages of Elementary Singing DevelopmentStages K-1st grade vocal
range: D-A (above middle C)2nd-3rd grade vocal range: B (below
middle C) to D (above high C)4th-5th grade vocal range: A (below
middle C) to F (above high C)
Choosing Appropriate Music for Singing Correct range (look at
the notes) Does the melody jump around? Preferably without words
Folk songs are very appropriate
2/19/14 Week 6
Musical Element 4: FORM Form How music is organized The
structure of music Required listening for chunks, repetition Can be
on a small or large scale
Form: Call and Response Alternates between one person/ group
doing a part and another person/ group answering back Contrasting
call and response The call changes, but the response stays the same
every time Example: Old John the Rabbit Example: Skin and Bones
Identical call and response Call and response are the same Example:
Che Che Kule
Form: Phrase Musical thought/musical sentence Example: My Pony
Bill Stretch and Bounce
Form: Sections Larger scale Using letters to label/represent
large sections
Form: AB (Binary) Rig a Jig Jig Match during A, Sway during B
Song of the Pirates Sneak (tiptoe on macros) during A, Freeze
during B
Form: ABA (Ternary) Hello, Hello, Hello, Hello Macro for A,
Micro for B Old Joe Clark Beat for A, CFM for B Dance of the Sugar
Plum Fairy (Can you think of an image-based movement activity that
might exemplify the section changes in this piece?)
Form: Rondo One section recurs, alternating with different
sections between (ABACA) Viennese Musical Clock Activity There Was
an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Chick.
Form: Theme and Variation Main theme presented and then is
manipulated in various ways (changing tempo, rhythm, meter,
tonality, range, timbre, etc.) Love Somebody- create variations by
replacing D-M-S with other patterns Twelve Variations in C by
Mozart
ROTE SONG/CHANTRote Song Procedure Exact Steps (Pure) Give
yourself the starting pitch and sing on a neutral syllable (bum)
Move to Macrobeat heels or sway Move to Microbeat spider fingers
Simultaneous macro/micro Pause and sing resting tone during song
Tell students they will hear song once more, then will audiate.
Give yourself starting pitch and sing the song. Give vocal cue;
students will audiate song, touching chin when done. Give vocal
cue, then preparatory gesture/breath. Students sing the song.
Assess the students performance and remediate if necessary
Rote Song Procedure Exact Steps (Modified) Students listen for
or demonstrate something specific in the song. Give yourself the
starting pitch and sing the song. Students listen for or
demonstrate something else. Give yourself the starting pitch and
sing the song. Repeat step 2 as necessary, depending on difficulty
of the song. Tell students they will hear song once more, then will
audiate. Give yourself starting pitch and sing the song. Give vocal
cue; students audiate song, touching chin when done. Give vocal
cue, then preparatory gesture/breath. Students sing the song Assess
the students performance and remediate if necessary
Rote Chant Procedure Perform the chant Move to Macrobeat Heels
or sway Move to Microbeat spider fingers Simultaneous Macro/micros
Students figure out meter Simultaneous Macro/micros once more Tell
students they will hear chant once more, then will audiate. Perform
the chant. Give vocal cue; students audiate chant, touching chin
when done. Give vocal cue, then preparatory gesture/breath.
Students sing chant Assess the students performance and remediate
if necessary
*Important Information* The point is. Prepare the students for
their job Vocal Cue Preparatory gesture/breath Lets try it
Things for students to do while listening Macrobeat/microbeat
Meter Tonality Resting Tone Singing/keeping beat, moving Lyrics Use
your imagination
3/12/14 Week 9
Musical Element 5: HarmonyHarmony Different pitches sounding at
the same time Unison (melody) vs. Harmony Rounds are NOT a good
place to start! Need to first develop a sense of harmonic
underpinnings
Harmony: Resting Tone Exposure (sing So-Do, leave out last pitch
of song, sing directions on resting tone, play resting tone on
instruments) Beanbag drop and sing resting tone Resting tone button
resting tone drone Ingredients in soup resting tone exploration
Dinosaur Diet = pass beanbag, sing resting tone in solo
Harmony: Ostinato Resting tone ostinato (Sally Go Round the Sun)
Tonic/Dominant (Do-So) ostinato (My Pony Bill) Melodic ostinato
(Are You Sleeping? Ding ding dong, Are yyou Sleeping?)
Harmony: Chord Roots and Chord Tones Also called the bassline
Provides basic sense of harmonic underpinnings Neutral syllable
first (Rig and Jig Jig) Expand chord roots to full chords (Chord
tones)
Partner Songs Songs with same chord root structure/same harmonic
underpinnings Skip to My Lou/Bow Belinda This Train / Oh when the
Saints
Rounds Singing the same song but starting at different times
Works only with songs that have the same pattern of chord roots for
each phrase Are you Sleeping? Skip to My Lou?
Classroom InstrumentsUnpitched Percussion Examples: Rhythm
sticks, egg shakers, drums, maracas, triangles, sand blocks, etc.
Ask yourself if this instrument only plays rhythms? If so, its
UNPITCHED
How Can Instruments be Used?1. Exploratory Play2. Practice
Specific Concepts 3. Express a story/ poetic ideas4. Creating
(improvising/composing)
Exploratory Play Chance to see, touch, and hear the sounds of
instruments, connect look/feel to sound Exposure to timbreSpecific
Concepts Body/voice BEFORE instruments Instrument extension of
audiation Beat: Clackety Clack rhythm sticks Ostinato: Clackety
Clack rhythm sticksExpress story/poetic ideas Pete the CatCreating
Canoe Song improvise rhythms on drums between song repetitions,
pass to the next person during the song.
Pitched Instruments Examples: Xylophones, glockenspiels,
Bookwhackers, recorders, ukuleles, etc. Ask yourself can this
instrument play a harmony or a melody? If so, then its
pitched.Exploratory Play Twinkle Twinkle make Star SoundsSpecific
Concepts Remember: Body/Voice BEFORE instruments Beat: Sally Go
Round the Sun Ostinato: My Pony Bill parallel/alternating Patterns:
Love Somebody play D-M-S Chord Roots/ chord tones: Rig a Jig Jig
BoomwhackersExpress story/poetic ideas Itsy Bitsy Spider (Sound
effects after each phrase) Little Red Hen Listen to how many
characters you hear Listen for the order of events Choose
instruments for characters Create a pattern for each character
Re-tell the story with instrumentsCreating Improvising patterns-
Love Somebody Improvise new tonic pattern and use in song Creating
a melody Echoing melodic patterns Creating answers to question
phrases Creating question phrases Pairs take turns with questions
and answers Can you replicate/do it the same way each time?
3/19/14 Week 10
Music and Special Learners Special Education Law Idea:
Individuals with disabilities Education Act (1990) Students deserve
the least restrictive environment IEP: Individualized Education
Program Team that includes parents, classroom teacher, sometimes
specialists Unique plan to meet individual students needs
Music and Special Learners Inclusion/Mainstreaming
Accommodations vs. Modifications Accommodations: when a child is
capable of the same work but needs more time, different modes of
responding, different format, etc. Modifications: A change in the
standard for participation or for success; a difference in the
educational goals for a student
Helping Students with.Cognitive Impairments Attention: state
goals clearly, use precise language with concrete examples, one
task at a time Memory: repetition, keep patterns short, break down
tasks into steps, visual cues Organization of Ideas/Abstract: teach
by rote (not note), use iconic or created notation Mental vs.
Chronological age: Work with a buddy, dont baby down Learning
Disabilities For students specifically with auditory processing
problems: Multiple opportunities for repetition Pair with visual
cues Pair with movement cuesVisual Impairments Preferred seating
Tactile examples/manipulatives Enlarged visuals/notation Movement-
might do with extra personal space, or with a buddyHearing
Impairments Wear the microphone! Preferred seating VisualsPhysical
Impairments Modifications to musical instruments Mallet and
recorder adaptations Modifications to the activityAutism Spectrum
Disorder Visuals Be aware of volume levels and timbres Pair with a
buddy Provide opportunities but dont force (physical interactions,
vocalizations, etc.)Gifted and Talented label May not mean gifted
and talented in music! Opportunities to play more challenging parts
Opportunities to compose or improvise Individual projects Student
leaders
AssessmentAssessment in Music Education Authentic Assessment
Must measure a particular musical behavior/skill Requires actual
performance in an authentic setting Standards-based Part of every
day class Turns in games
Two Types of Assessment in Music Education1. Continuous Rating
Scale 4 exceeds expectations, 3 meets expectations, 2 working
towards expectations, 1 has a long way to go Can be a 3-5 ratings
long 2. Additive Rating Scale A list of qualities that are or are
not present at the time of performance Ex. Recorder performance
Assessment in Music Education Games Hiding Scarves Button You
Must Wander Puppet patterns Deal or No Deal
3/26/14 Week 11
Approaches in Music EducationFour Main Methodologies1.
Dalcroze2. Kodaly3. Orff-Schulwerk4. Music Learning Theory
Dalcroze Approach- Created by Jacques Dalcroze (1865-1950)-
Centered on internalizing musical concepts through physical
experience- 3 Branches1. Eurhymics: based on experience of
rhythm/dynamics through body movement. Ex. Walking, running,
skating 2. Solfege: fixed DO system (The goal is absolute pitch3.
Improvisation (teacher at the piano) so that the teacher can
follow/lead students movements
Kodaly Approach Created by Zoltan Kodaly (1882-1967) Emphasis on
national heritage (folk songs) Vocal approach to music literacy
So-Fa Teaching Stresses skills of music reading/writing Solfege:
Movable Do Progression of pitches learned (so-mi, +do,) Use of hand
signs to reinforce pitch relationships Rhythm syllables: Tas
Ti-Tis
Orff Approach Created by Carl Orff (1895-1982) Elemental Music
music, movement, and speech are inseparable! Progression: speech,
rhythm/chant, song Childrens musical development parallels growth
of music history: rhythm, melody, harmony Concepts introduced as
speech patterns and then studied in musical contextCharacteristics
of Orffs philosophy Speech patterns Elemental music- chants/calls,
then pitches introduced one by one Pentatonic first (5 pitches that
dont clash) Instruments (xylophones!!) Ostinato patterns and
borduns as accompaniment Emphasis on improvisation (of a certain
KIND)
Music Learning Theory Created by Edwin Gordon Main goal =
developing audition Importance of sequential learning Pattern
instruction Movable DO/LA- based minor Rhythm syllables: based on
beat function Variety of tonalities/meters Importance of movement
(Laban) Individualization of instruction (aptitude, pattern
instruction)
4/2/14 Week 12Integrating With Other SubjectsArts Integration:
Howard Gardner: Multiple Intelligences Verbal/linguistic (word
smart) Logical/mathematical (numbersmart) Visual/spatial (picture
smart) Musical/rhythmic (music smart) Bodily/kinesthetic (body
smart) Interpersonal (person smart) Intrapersonal (self smart)
Naturalist (nature smart) Existentialist (spirituality smart
(VISUAL)
Arts IntegrationThink about it in two different
ways(Instructional goals need to be established for both music and
other subjects.)(Music should be more than just a tool for learning
other subjects. A valid integrative experience should deepen the
understanding of music as well as that of the other disciplines
involved.
TWO APPROACHES IN INTEGRATION1. Thematic approach- focuses on
theme/topic (surface level of one over more) 2. Parallel Concepts
approach focuses on common conceptsStrength: Science how you do
vibrations of sound, better understand for example the frequency of
sound and the guitar.Weakness: more challenging 2s*What do you
think are the strengths and weaknesses of each approach?
INTERGRATING MUSIC AND CHILDRENS LITERATURE
Books that are songs1. Down By The Station2. The Crabfish3. She
be Comin Round the MountainSong Books 1. Frog Went a-Courtin2. Wee
Sing: Childrens Songs and FingerplayBooks in which the importance
of music is the theme1. Imanis Music Books about composers, pieces
of music, or musicians 1. Composers books2. The Carnival of the
Animals3. Childrens Book of MusicBooks about instruments or other
musical concepts1. Mis for Melody2. Zin, Zin, Zin! A Violin!3.
Tubby the TubaBooks with a natural rhythm (with strong patterns or
rhythmic sense)1. The Remarkable Farkle McBride2. Others when we
walk about chantBooks in which aspects of music are included but
not the focus1. The Jazz Fly2. Abiyoyo3. Freddie Frog and the
Flying Jazz Kitten4. Theo and the Blue NoteBooks not directly
connected to music but associate with musical pieces of ideas1.
Peter and the WolfBooks that could use instruments to tell a story
1. The Little Old Lady Who Wasnt Afraid of Anything 2. Pete the
Cat
THE POWER OF CHANT Why use chant? To improve oral fluency and
reading comprehension Similarities between language arts and chant?
Timing- rhythm Pacing tempo Flow of Language beat/meters Ways of
using childrens literature to intergrate chant: Book with text as
an existing chant Book with text that alternates between stanza and
refrain Modifying a text to create chants Teacher modifies Student
modifies
The Power of ChantChanting with existing text (Ex- Brown Bear,
Brown Bear)1. Model the beat and ask students to follow you.2.
Chant the entire book so the flow is uninterrupted. (Where to keep
the book?)3. Cue the students so they know when to begin. (Ex- 1,2,
ready, go!)4. Practice the book until all students can follow along
with the words.5. Possible extensions:- Identify animal
names/color, pick out nouns/verbs etc. 6. Other Examples: I Went
Walking, Sing-Song SidAlternating between stanza and refrain (Ex.
The Pout Pout Fish)1. Teach refrain2. Create movement to show beat
that goes with the text3. Cue the students4. Allow students to
practice their part without the book5. Add the book!6. Other
examples: Were Sailing the Galapagos, Shake dem Halloween Bones
Modifying Texts to Create Chant (Ex- Barn Dance)1. Read story2.
Create a class chant:1. Select the text you want to use; write on
board2. Identify number of phrases and beats per phrase3. Add or
subtract words4. Decide which words will get emphasis5. How will
students perform? (unison, echo, call & response)6. When will
this occur in the story? (Once, at certain points, after every
page?)
4/16/14 Week 14Integrating Music Integrating Movement with the
Early Childhood Curriculum Uses four basic elements (of dance) Body
Energy Space Time Life Cycle of a Plant Musically Moving Math Music
Math Cards Exploring one-to-one correspondence, external and
internal counting Exploring simple addition number sentences
Exploring patterns Musically Moving Math Multiplication Line Dance
Steady Beat Multiplication Maze Musically Moving Math Shapes and
Angles Line: horizontal, vertical, diagonal Angles: right, acute,
obtuse Two-dimensional shapes Three-dimensional shapes Integrating
Science and Dance Action word warm-up Simple machines