Mushrooms for your Health: Medicinal & Gourmet - Know them, Grow them! Carla Parvin, Blue Mountain Mushrooms, [email protected], 828.380.1772 Page 1 What is a mushroom? A mushroom is the fruiting body of some types of fungus. Ecologically, fungi are VERY important recyclers and partners for the planet. They digest most anything containing carbon – wood, oil, etc. The Mushroom is only a small part of the fungus – Most is underground in the form of mycelium. Mycelium is made up of tiny strands of hyphae. The mushroom is the fruiting body – makes and disperses spores. Mushroom Spore Hyphae Mycelium
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Mushrooms for your Health: Medicinal & Gourmet - Know them, Grow them!
Carla Parvin, Blue Mountain Mushrooms, [email protected], 828.380.1772 Page 1
What is a mushroom?
A mushroom is the fruiting body of some types of fungus.
Ecologically, fungi are VERY important recyclers and partners for the planet.
They digest most anything containing carbon – wood, oil, etc.
The Mushroom is only a small part of the fungus –
Most is underground in the form of mycelium.
Mycelium is made up of tiny strands of hyphae.
The mushroom is the fruiting body – makes and disperses spores.
Mushroom
Spore
Hyphae
Mycelium
Mushrooms for your Health: Medicinal & Gourmet - Know them, Grow them!
Carla Parvin, Blue Mountain Mushrooms, [email protected], 828.380.1772 Page 2
Mushrooms are impressive, vital & fascinating!
Estimated to be over 1 million species of fungi. Only 10% have been described
and named – most are single-celled. They outnumber plants 6:1.
World’s largest organism is a Honey Fungus in Oregon - covers 2,400 acres.
Recyclers of organic debris, filter & clean ground water – mycoremediation!
Insect partners & Plant (Mycorrihizal) partners
Ectomycorrhiza: fungal hyphae surround rootlets – most tree species
Endomycorrhiza: hyphae enter the plant cells – most non-woody plants
Mushrooms Require – Water (correct humidity), Light, Oxygen &
Food – Correct log/substrate for each type of mushroom
On Logs – Freshly cut from dormant trees (no leaves) with bark intact
4” to 8” diameter is best – will fruit for years Off Ground – Shitake
Off Ground – Shitake
On Ground – Reishi, Oyster, Turkey Tail
Pony Logs – Lion’s Mane
“Totem” or stacks of log rounds
On Stumps – Oyster, Turkey Tail, Hen of the Woods (Maitake), Chicken-of-the-Woods
As soon as possible after cutting or at the base of living trees
On Chips – King Stropharia (a.k.a. Wine Cap & Garden Giant)
In beds or in pots on FRESH hardwood chips, NOT mulch
Tools – Spawn for the selected variety of mushroom, friends/helpers and
Grinder (with adapter) or drill – grinder is definitely better for this application!
Drill bit with built-in stop
Log rack for drilling, platform for plugging & waxing
Wax (melted) & dauber or small paint brush
Collecting wild mushrooms – go with someone who knows!
Mushrooms for your Health: Medicinal & Gourmet - Know them, Grow them!
Carla Parvin, Blue Mountain Mushrooms, [email protected], 828.380.1772 Page 4
Resources Catalogs – Field & Forest, Fungi Perfecti
Internet – TedX – Tradd Cotter and Paul Stamets
www.mushroommountain.com – Tradd Cotter
www.deepwoodsmushrooms.net – Greg Carter
www.fieldforest.net – mention Greg Carter’s name
www.fungiperfecti.com – Paul Stamets
www.fungiasheville.com – Chris Parker
www.notastelikehome.org – Alan Muskat
Mushroom Clubs*** Asheville Mushroom Club www.ashevillemushroomclub.com Check out the “Keys & Links” tab! Meets 2nd Wednesday of the month, 7pm at WNC Nature Center. South Carolina Upstate Mycological Society http://www.scumsonline.com/Events/index.asp The SCUMS typically has its monthly meeting on the first Monday of the month at 6:30pm at Clemson University. They often foray the Saturday or Sunday following that meeting. Mushroom Club of Georgia http://gamushroomclub.org/walks.php The MCG typically meets on the first Wednesday of the Month at 7pm in Atlanta.
Cumberland Mycological Society http://www.cumberlandmycology.com/forays.htm Travel to TN for more great foraying opportunities. Forays are listed on the website!
Books
Organic Mushroom Farming and Mycoremediation by Tradd Cotter
Growing Gourmet & Medicinal Mushrooms by Paul Stamets
Mycelium Running by Paul Stamets
Mycophilia by Eugenia Bone
Healing Mushrooms – Effective Treatments for Today’s Illnesses
by Georges Halpern, MD, PhD
Medicinal Mushrooms – The Essential Guide by Martin Powell
National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms
Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians