Muscles and bones

Muscles and bones

Bones How many total bones do you have in your

body? › 206

How many bones are in your face? › 14 bones are in your face.

How many bones are in your wrist?› 8 bones are in each wrist.

How many bones in the foot?› 23 bones are in each foot including the ankle

What’s the longest bone in the body?› Femur (thigh bone)

Your bones consist of 50% water and 50% solid matter.

Bones Your bones give points of

attachments for the muscles so that they may serve as levers and make movement possible.

Bones When you were born you had

over 300 bones. As you grew, some of these

bones began to fuse together and now you have 206 bones.

Are bones alive? YES!

› Have their own nerves and blood vessels The marrow inside bone provides

a site for the formation of blood cells.

Osteoporosis When there's not enough calcium in

the bloodstream Body attempts to pull calcium from

the bones› thins and weakens bones

Causes osteoporosis› leads to breaks and fractures

Osteoporosis affects 10 million Americans, mostly women.

An additional 18 million Americans already have low bone mass, osteopenia, which places them at high risk.

By the age of 20, the average young person has acquired roughly 98% of his/her skeletal mass.

Calcium › Helps prevent breast and colon cancer› reduces the symptoms of PMS› prevents cavities and strengthens

tooth enamel› reduces hypertension and lowers

blood pressure› helps promote weight loss.

America is in a Calcium Crisis: 9 out of 10 women, 7 out of 10 men, and 3 out of 4 teenagers do not get enough calcium.

Activity

(collar bone)

(funny bone)

(longest bone)

(breast bone)

(knee cap)(shin bone)

(wrist bones)

(Ankle bones)

HINTS

ANSWERS

Cranium (skull)Cervical Vertebrae

Clavicle

HumerusScapulaSternumRib CageLumbar Vertebrae

RadiusUlnaCarpals

Metacarpals

FemurPatellaTibia

Fibula

Tarsals

Metatarsals

Pelvis

20Phalanges

Your tailbone is called the coccyx. (Pronounced kok' siks)

Your bones have small blood vessels and lymphatic tissue for the maintenance and repair of bone tissue.

Your skull, a series of fused bones, acts like a hard protective helmet for your brain.

Your vertebrae (bony spinal column) surrounds and protects your spinal cord, which is a complex bundle of nerves.

Your ribs surround and protect your heart, liver and lungs and serving as a coat of armor.

Bones in the Foot

Muscles

The human body has over 600 voluntary/skeletal muscles. This means muscles which we can control, as opposed to muscles of the heart and intestines which we can not voluntarily control.

Muscles are made of microscopic filaments which contract and slide over each other causing the muscles to shorten and therefore contract.

No matter how much you exercise you can not increase the number of muscle cells you have. By getting bigger, via strength training, you are simply increasing the size of each muscle cell. The quantity of muscle cells remain the same.

Muscles can only contract, they do not lengthen unless an opposing muscles contracts and causes lengthening of the first muscle.

Muscles are metabolically active and are responsible for a large amount of our caloric requirements.

There are fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles. Although the type of exercise you do may develop one over the other, the quantity of each is determined by genetics and can not be changed. This is why some people are 'natural' sprinters while other are 'naturally' better at long distance running.

The largest muscle is the Gluteus Maximus, the muscles of the buttocks.

The strongest muscles are: › The Soleus, part of the calf muscle, below the

calf muscles, as it can apply the most force.› The Masseter, also known as the jaw muscles.› The tongue. Yes, the tongue is a muscle! And

for its size it's very strong.