- 1. CHINA Presentation By, Raja.A,40 Finance 3 FW0709
MULTINATIONAL BUSINESS FINANCE
2. CENTRAL BANK
- ThePeople's Bank of China( PBCorPBOC ).
- Established on December 1, 1948 based on the consolidation of
the former Huabei Bank, Beihai Bank and Xibei Farmer Bank.
- The Governor of the People's Bank of China is nominated by the
Premier and approved by the National People's Congress, and is also
member of the State Council.
- The current Governor is Zhou Xiaochuan.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 02 of 12 3. MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF
PBC
- Issuing and enforcing relevant orders and regulations.
- Formulating and implementing monetary policy.
- Issuing Renminbi (Yuan) and administering its circulation.
- Regulating inter-bank lending market and inter-bank bond
market.
- Administering foreign exchange and regulating inter-bank
foreign exchange market.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 03 of 12 4. MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF
PBC
- Holding and managing official foreign exchange and gold
reserves .
- Managing the State treasury & maintaining normal operation
of the payment and settlement system.
- Guiding and organizing the anti-money laundering work of the
financial sector and monitoring relevant fund flows.
- Conducting financial statistics, surveys, analysis and
forecasts.
- Participating in international financial activities in the
capacity of the central bank.
- Performing other functions specified by the State Council.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 04 of 12 5. MONETARY SYSTEM HISTORY
OF MONEY
- First object as money Natural Seashells.
- Spring & Autumn & Warring States Periods(770 ~ 221 BC)
Cloth coins, Knife coins, inscribed Bronze shells and round
coins.
- The Qin Dynasty(221 ~ 207 BC) Ban liang (half teal) coins.
- Xing Mang period(9 ~ 25 AD) yi dao ping wu qian (one dao equal
to 5000).
- The Tang Dynasty - coins, called Kaiyuan Tongbao.
- Northern Song (960 ~ 1127 AD) - Dui pin coins.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 05 of 12 6. MONETARY SYSTEM HISTORY
OF MONEY
- Southern Song (1127 ~ 1276 AD) - The Chunxi Yuanbao coins.
- After two Song dynasties - Paper money.
- Ming Dynasty (1368 ~ 1644 AD) - A mixture of paper money,
copper coins and silver was used.
- Jiajing era (1522 ~ 1566 AD) - Zinc started to be added to the
bronze to produce brass, another alloy from which coins could be
minted.
- Daoguang Emperor (1821 ~ 1850 AD) - Created first draft
bank.
- October 18 th1860Causing Severe Currency Devaluation.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 06 of 12 7. MONETARY SYSTEM HISTORY
OF MONEY
- In 1897 - China's first bank - the Imperial Bank of China.
- In 1905 - The Qing government established the first state bank
in Chinese history, the Da Qing Bank.
- Before the end of the Qing dynasty (1910) - The Westernization
Movement.
- The crystallization of folk culture - Yan Sheng money.
- Oriental monetary culture - The Oriental currency system.
- In 1911 - The Da Qing Bank was renamed Bank of China.
- The Republic of China (1912 ~ 1949) - Silver dollars (yuan)
started to be used.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 07 of 12 8. MONETARY SYSTEM HISTORY
OF MONEY
- December 1st 1948 - The People's Bank of China was founded and
started to issue Renminbi.
- March 1 st1955 - The People's Bank of China issued new currency
(the second version of the Renminbi).
- April 20 th1962 - The third version of the Renminbi.
- April 27 th1987 The fourth version of Renminbi.
- In 1999 The fifth version of Renminbi.
- In2000 - Orange polymer note.
- 2008 Beijing Olympics - A green 10.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 08 of 12 9. EXCHANGE RATE
ARRAGEMENTS
- Current Exchange rate system Conventional Fixed Peg
Arrangement.
- Dual Exchange rate regime in the early 1990s.
- Since 1995, the Renminbi has been maintained at a fixed parity
relative to the US dollar.
- The RMB initially launched at an exchange rate of RMB 8.7 to
the dollar then to around RMB 8.3 to the dollar.
- In 1996 and 1997, China was still optimistic about full
convertibility of the RMB.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 09 of 12 10. EXCHANGE RATE
ARRAGEMENTS
- A pure floating of the currency was not a viable choice for
china at that time.
- The intermediate arrangements between a peg and a pre-floating
system was quite useful for China in the mid term.
- Managed Floating exchange rate system with capital account
convertibility is appropriate.
- On 21 July 2005, the Renminbi was revalued by 2.1% relative to
the US dollar.
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 10 of 12 11. CRISIS
- 1993-1994 (Inflation & Banking crisis).
- 1997-1998 (ASIAN Financial crisis).
- Raja.A, 40, FW0709 Slide 11 of 12 12. THANK YOU...