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Multi-dimensional Clustering AnalysisEx: Cluster on Information
• Goal: Maximize information within watchstanders; minimize info overlap when unnecessary• Conduct_DCA & Control_DCA use similar info; Review_ID & Conduct_engage-ment do not.
InfoTask
Phase D: Engineering Team Interactions
Uniquely assign tasks when possible to minimize routine communications between team members
May need to split tasks if individuals are overloaded
Detailed Modeling Tool:
Note: Splitting tasks introduces new communication workload
Information Variables
Decision Variables
Action Variables
Outcome Variables
Initiate/Confirm Engage Order
Engage_with_Birds
In-boundmissile msg
ROE
Track’s failure torespond to Level II Warning
Track’s failure torespond to Illumination
System Status
Track Verbal Report
Engagement Status
Weapons Away (Y/N?)
Engagement OrderKill Evaluation (Y/N?)
‘Initiate/ConfirmEngagement’Msg
‘Produce EngagementSolution’Msg
‘Weapons Ring’Msg
‘Issue Track Report’Msg
‘Kill Evaluation’Msg
Release Missiles
Track’s visualdisplay profile Track is covered (Y/N?)
System’s movingtwds releasing Weapons (Y/N?)
Firing Solutionstill a go (Y/N?)
In-boundMissile (Y/N?)
Track’s meetingROE (Y/N?)
Track’s approachingits weapons range (Y/N?)
Initiate Engage Orders (Y/N?)
Engagement Solution
WeaponsAway Yes
Kill Yes
Track is covered
System’s movingtwds releasing Weapons
Firing Solutionstill a go Yes
Engage OrdersInitiated
Firing Solutionno longer a go
System’s failed inmovingtwds releasingWeapons
Engage OrdersNOT Initiated
Track is NOT covered
WeaponsAway No
OUTCOME Variables
DECISION Variables
INFORMATION Variables
ACTION Variables
OUTCOME Variables
DECISION VariablesINFORMATION Variables
ACTION Variables
Respond_to_air_threat
Evaluate_threat
Intra- and inter-task analyses suggest opportunities to combine tasks into roles
Create/maintain recognizable& integrated air picturePass/receive information
Manage ATO execution
ATSO (self preservation)Airborne (C2 of airborne assets)
Respond to Threats Respond to pop-up targets
Monitor system for jamming
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Line1
T18T68T28 T20 T66 T70 T67 T69 T71 T28 T83 T83 T83
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T18T18T28 T20 T37 T67 T69 T71 T95 T44 T71 T83
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T18T20 T20 T67 T69 T71 T83
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T18T18T18T18T20 T66 T69 T71 T44 T98 T70
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T28T18T20 T20 T90 T67
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T28 T20 T20 T92 T28 T83 T1
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T28T18T20 T92 T28 T9 T83 T44 T83 T87
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T18T18T18T20 T20 T65 T64 T69
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T4T18 T66 T77 T70 T81 T69
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T28 T20 T97 T83 T83 T83
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T18T18 T16 T9 T83
Line12
T18T18 T16 T27
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T18T28 T20 T2 T83
Line14
T20 T20 T37
Line15
T18T18 T20
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T18T18 T20
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T18T18 T20
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T28 T20
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T89
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T20 T20
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T16
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T20 T20
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T20
Time
C2 Process Re-engineering
Interface Design
Model-driven Measurement ProcessModel-driven Measurement Process
Learning Objectivesin JTF Environment
Competencies:Knowledge, Skills,and Abilities
Tasks
Scenario
Stimulated or Trained by...
Improve by X%
Put together into vignettes...
IndividualTeam
Team-of-Teams
Theories ofPerformance LinkSkills to Behaviors toTasks
Stories andevents
MOPs &Measurement
Tools
MeasurementChallenges
Performance Measures by TaskHow well did learners perform?
KSA AssessmentWhat KSAs do learners have/lack?Diagnose individuals’ needs for additional training
Success in Meeting Training ObjectivesHow well are training objectives met?Success at JTF; Certification
Subject Matter Experts
TIDE Model
TIDE Integrated Toolset
Task Network SimulationOrganizational Structure
Task Hierarchy
Assess platformneeded
Receiveplatform
status
Assess need torequest
Task
Platform, DM Platform
Task, Platform
Task, Platform
Task, Platform, DM
Decision-Maker Model
DESIGN
SIMULATION-BASEDEVALUATION
ANALYSIS
Team Optimal Design
(TOD)(TOD)T
DMR
User/SME input and review
MissionAnalysis
S u b 3
S u b 1 S u b 2
L ead
Sub 2 Sub 3
Sub 1
Leader
Computational Organization Model
50 10060 70 80 90
85.1
79.7
76.2Mis
sio
n O
utc
om
e
Some Current Military Applications of the TIDE Modeling Methods and Tools
Joint Task Force Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control (A2C2)Next Generation Navy Surface Ships (SC-21/DD-21)Human-Centered Re-Engineering of AWACS Command and Control Teams (REAC2T)Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) Control CenterKwajalein Radar/Missile Control Center (ATIDS)Air Operations for Time Critical Targets (JFACC)Time Critical Targeting Cell in Air operations (CAOC)Effects-Based Operations in Operations Center (EBO)Army Future Combat Systems (FCS)Global Wargame JTF Org. Design and Assessment….
Summary: Why Model C2?
TIDE is a method to optimize decision-making organizations to capitalize on advanced technology
Model-based organizational structures are “congruent” with mission needs
Modeling guides experimentation and performance assessment
Analysis and design tool for system designers– Cost and risk reduction
– New technology payoffs
Mission/organization model serves multiple purposes – Organizational design: Provide alternative, optimized organizations
– Team training: Highlight areas for team training
– Synthetic tasks: Develop environments to train and evaluate teams