Mukul Chandel GEOTEXTILE

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GEOTEXTILE

Submitted to:- Submitted by :-

Dr.S .dhamija Mukul chandel

Naveen

M.tech ( t.t )

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CONTENTS

1 . Introduction .

1.1 Definition.

2 . Functions of geotextiles.

3 . Classification 4 . FIBRES USED IN GEOTEXTILE

5 . Production process of geotextiles

6 . FORMS OF GEOTEXTILE

Application of geotextiles

References

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FUNCTIONSAND APPLICATIONOF GEOTEXTILE

Application Geotextile function

Reinforcement separation Filtration Drainage protection

Roads P T T S T

Rail roads S P S P T

Surface

drainage

T S P T T

Steep sloper P T T S S

Land fills S P P S P

Walls P T T T T

Soil

reinforcement

P T S S T

Coastal

protection

P T P S T

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PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBER

TYPE OF FIBER

Property Flax Jute Hemp Sisal Abaca Coir

Fiber

length(mm)

200-1400 1500-3600 1000-3000 600-1000 1000-2000 150-350

Fiber

diameter

(mm)

0.04-0.62 0.03-0.14 0.16 0.1-0.46 0.01-0.28 0.1-0.45

Fiber linear

density

(d/tex)

2-20 14-20 3-22 10-450 40-440 -

Fiber

tenacity

(N/tex)

0.54-0.57 0.41-0.52 0.47-0.60 0.36-0.44 0.35-0.67 0.18

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SYNTHETIC FIBERS

SYNTHETIC FIBERS:-

polypropylene

Polyester

polyamide(nylon 6,nylon 66)

polyethylene.Polypropylene:-

Advantage :-

low density results low cost per unit volume

acceptable tensile property

high fatigue resistance.Disadvantage:-

Sensitive to ultra violet radiation

Sensitive to high temperature

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C

Polyester :-

Superior Creep Resistance

Have High Tenacity Values

Suitable For High Stress Application S

Suitable For Elevated Temperature Applications Near

About180 - 200 C

High Abrasion Resistance

High Resistance To Ultra Violet Rays.

High Modulus

Example: Roofing, Separation And Filtration Applications

Polyamides:-

High Strength And Creep Properties .

Fabric structures and finishing treatments influence their properties

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PROPERTIES OF SYNTHETIC FIBRE

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FORMS OF GEOTEXTILE

Geomembrane

Geogrids

Geonets

Geocomposite

Geomat

Geocell

Biomet and Bionet

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GEOMEMBRANES:-These are used primarily for liningsand covers of liquid or solid storage facilities .These are essentially

impermeable material in the form of manufactured sheet which may

be synthetic. Thus the primary function is always as a liquid or gasbarrier .The range of application is very high. These are act as a

barrier for flow of water or any hazardous liquid. The simplest

example is canal lining

Non-Woven Compound Geo membrane

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GEOGRIDS

These can be in the form of manufactured sheet, consisting of a

regular network of integrally connected elements, which may belinked by extrusion , bonding.

Have high tensile strength and dimensional property at very low

elongation.

Coated polyester geogrids widely used in soil stabilization and

Geotechnical reinforcement of retaining walls and embankment

applications.

Biaxial geogrids are used as separator in between sub grade and

aggregate

Woven /knitted polyester coated geogrid used for wall retaining

applications

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fiberglass geo grid composite

with non woven geo textile

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Unidirectional Geogrid:-possessing high tensile strength in one

direction (that is longitudinal and transversal) than in the other

direction.

Bidirectional Geogrid:- possessing similar tensile strength inboth direction that is longitudinal and transversal.

Extruded Geogrid:-produced by stretching uniaxially or

biaxially an extruded integral structure .

Bonded Geogrid:- produce by bonding stretching right angles ,two or more sets of strands filaments and yarns.

Woven Geogrid:- produce by interlacing at right angle, two or

more sets of strands filaments and yarns.

ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL STRUCTURE GEOGRIDS

CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO FOLLOWING

CATEGORIES .

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GEONETS

These are usually formed by continues extrusion of parallel sets ofpolymeric ribs at acute angels to each other. These net like configurationare mostly useful in drainage application .

These are look like geogrid but have substantially lower strength

These are used for drainage applications because these are provide spacebetween two non woven textiles to minimize clogging and any possibleleakage from either of the membranes as a geocomposites

.

Three Dimensional Geo net

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GEOCOMPOSITES

When geogrid/Geomembranes are combined with woven or non

woven Geotextile for specific application like drainage, erosioncontrol, bank embankment, etc. then they are designed as

GeoComposites.

A typical example is bentonite geocomposite.

It consists bentonite filled pores when this geotextile come incontact with water the bentonite causes the pores to swell thereby

forming water tight sheets.

Glass fibers are knitted on to the non woven geotextiles to enable

better use in highway applications.

Geo composite is made by laminating

a nonwoven geo textile

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GEOMAT

It is a polymeric structure in the form of manufactured sheet

These are used for erosion control and soil reinforcement like in

running canals

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GEOCELL

It is a polymeric cellular structure consisting of a regular open

network of connected stripes linked by extrusion , adhesion or by

other methods.

These are used as embankment geo textile which have high tensile

strength to prevent bank from the cracks .The rigidity of these

textile ensure the even distribution of force exhibited by water.

The Geocell is soil infill.

protection of outer cell by topsoil.

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Biomat and Bionet

These are permeable , natural and therefore biodegradablepolymeric material in the form of the manufactured sheet. Biomat

consists of fiber such as jute , coir, sisal, straw, are kept together

by one or two layers of synthetic or natural meshes and bionet

consist of a regular network of knotted or interlaced yarns whose

openings are lager than the constituents.

Jute are used for moisture holding capacity of soil these are

degrade into the soil and reduce the velocity of flow of water and

hold the fertile soil at place.

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APPLICATION OF GEOTEXTILE

Separation

Filtration

Drainage

River bank protection

Coastal protection

Reservoirs and lakes

Concrete mattresses

Reclaimed lands

Embankment

Railway/Roadway

Landfills

Soil erosion controls

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APPLICATIONS OF GEOTEXTILE AS SEPARATOR

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ROADWAY CONSTRUCTION

Woven Geotextile - Separator (Thane,

Mumbai)

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LANDFILL

Lightweight Foam fill on soft or sensitive soils

It also used for forest-sensitive soil

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LAND RECLAIMATION

geotextile

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RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION

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EMBANKMENT

.

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SHORE PROTECTION

During High Tide

geotube

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SLOPE SOIL STABLIZATION

Reduces erosion from rainfall impact

Holds soil in place

Absorb and hold moisture on soil surface

Stabilize soil until vegetation is established

Before After

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RIVER BANK PROTECTION It is used to retain the earth structure or retain the

structural integrity

Reduces the lateral movement of soil particles.

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CANAL BANK PROTECTION

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PAVEMENT EDGE DRAINAGE

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These withstand the effect of earthquakes better than conventional

rigid concrete walls.

Reinforcing material should have high tensile strength, stiffness,

pullout and sliding resistance, durability.

RETAINING WALL

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ROCK FALL PROTECTION

Highway and rail roads near rocks ,slopes are neededthe rock fall protection geo grid textile are used for

that purpose

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REFERENCES

Textile progress , September 2010 , volume 42 , no.3 ,page 181-189

Asian Textile Journal , September 2006 , volume 15 ,no.7-9 , page 89-94

Asian Textile Journal , February 2006 , volume 15 ,no.3-3 , page 39

Asian Textile Journal , February 2004 , volume 13 ,no.1-4 , page 68-71

Asian Textile Journal , September 2005 , page 88-93

Indian journal of fiber and textile ressearch,1997December

Non Woven And Geo textile, January 1988

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THANK YOU