Muhammad Yahya-2011-In Situ Poly(Urea-Formaldehyde) Microencapsulation of Dicyclopentadiene

8/12/2019 Muhammad Yahya-2011-In Situ Poly(Urea-Formaldehyde) Microencapsulation of Dicyclopentadiene

1/19

Tugas Paper Industri Petrokimia

In situ poly(urea-formaldehyde)microencapsulation of dicyclopentadiene

Oleh:

Muhammad Yahya 1107120113

JURUS! T"#!I# #IMI

$#U%TS T"#!I#U!I&"RSITS RIU

P"#!'RU

2013

j. microencapsulation


2/19

NovemberDecember, 2003, vol. 20, no. 6, 71730

!n situ pol"#urea$%ormal&eh"&e' microencapsulation o%&ic"clopenta&iene

(. N. )*O+N", -. *. (//(*, N. *. /OO/" an& /. *.

+!(4

"Department o% heoretical an& 5pplie& -echanics

4Department o% 5eronautical 5stronautical (nineerin, 8niversit" o% !llinois at8rbana$9hampain, albot aborator", 10 /. +riht /t., 8rbana, ! 61;01, 8/5Department o% -echanical (nineerin, he 8niversit" o% ulsa, epliner all,600 /outh 9ollee 5ve., ulsa, O 710, 8/5

#*eceive& 1< =ebruar" 2003> accepte& -a" 2003 '

-icroencapsulate& healin aents that possess a&e?uate strenth, lon shel%$li%e an&e@cellent bon&in to the host material are re?uire& %or sel%$healin materials. 8rea$%ormal&eh"&e microcapsules containin &ic"clopenta&iene Aere prepare& b" in situ

pol"meri4ation in an oil$in$Aater emulsion that meet these re?uirements %or sel%$healin epo@". -icrocapsules o% 101000 mm in &iameter Aere pro&uce& b"appropriate selection o% aitation rate in the rane o% 2002000 rpm. 5 linear relatione@ists betAeen lo#mean &iameter' an& lo#aitation rate'. /ur%ace morpholo" an&shell Aall thicBness Aere investiate& b" optical an& electron microscop".-icrocapsules are compose& o% a smooth 160220 nm inner membrane an& a rouh,

porous outer sur%ace o% alomerate& urea$%ormal&eh"&e nanoparticles. /ur%acemorpholo" is in%lu$ence& b" p o% the reactin emulsion an& inter%acial sur%ace areaat the core Aater inter%ace. ih "iel&s #;00C' o% a %ree %loAin poA&er o%spherical microcapsules Aere pro&uce& Aith a %ill content o% ;32 AtC as

&etermine& b" 9N anal"sis.

e"Aor&s: -icrocapsule, sel%$healin, &ic"clopenta&iene, urea %ormal&eh"&e, in situpol"meri4ation, sur%ace morpholo".

!ntro&uction

/el%$healin pol"mers an& composites Aith microencapsulate& healin aents offertremen&ous potential %or provi&in lon$live& structural materials #+hite et al. 2001'.he microcapsules in sel%$healin pol"mers not onl" store the healin aent &urin?uiescent states, but provi&e a mechanical trier %or the sel%$healin process Ahen&amae occurs in the host material an& the capsules rupture. he Be" %eature o% sel%$healin materials is the hihl" enineere& microencapsulate& healin aent. hemicrocapsules must possess sufficient strenth to remain intact &urin processin o% thehost pol"mer, "et rupture Ahen the pol"mer is &amae&. ih bon& strenth to the hostpol"mer combine& Aith a mo&erate strenth microcapsule shell are re?uire&. o provi&elon shel%$li%e the capsules must be impervious to leaBae an& &iffusion o% theencapsulate& #li?ui&' healin aent %or

o Ahom correspon&ence shoul& be a&&resse&. e$mail: en$broAnillinoisalumni.or

Eournal o% -icroencapsulation !//N 026


3/19

720 (. N. )roAn et al.

=iure 1. -icroencapsulation o% D9GD utili4in aci&$catal"4e& in situ pol"meri4ation o% urea Aith%ormal&eh"&e to %orm capsule Aall.

consi&erable time. hese combine& characteristics are achieve& Aith a s"stem base& onthe in situ pol"meri4ation o% urea$%ormal&eh"&e #8=' microcapsules encapsulatin

&ic"clopenta&iene #D9GD' healin aent, outline& in %iure 1. he a&&ition o% these

microcapsules to an epo@" matri@ also provi&es a uni?ue touhenin mechanism %or the

composite s"stem #)roAn et al. 2002'.

his paper reports on the manu%acture o% 8= microcapsules prepare& b" in situ

pol"meri4ation in an oil$in$Aater emulsion. 5 basic revieA o% the in situ encapsu$lation

techni?ue has been provi&e& b" )a@ter #17', hies #1;7, 16' an& 5rsha&" an&

Heore #13'. !n situ encapsulation o% Aater$immiscible li?ui&s b" the reaction o% urea

Aith %ormal&eh"&e at aci& p is outline& b" Dietrich et al. #1;'. an et al. #11', Ian

et al. #13', 5le@an&ri&ou an& iparissi&es #1' an& Ove4 et al. #17' have all

shoAn that microcapsule si4e can be controlle& b" a&justin the aitation rate &urin

microencapsulation.

8= microcapsule &iameter an& sur%ace morpholo" sini%icantl" in%luence capsule

rupture behaviour an& healin aent release in sel%$healin pol"mers #+hite et al. 2001,

)roAn et al. 2002'. !n this paper, 8= encapsulate& D9GD Aith averae &iameters

ranin %rom 101000 mm are anal"se& an& the in%luence o% process variables on the

capsule sur%ace morpholo" is &escribe&.

-aterials an& metho&s

-aterials

Dicyclopentadiene was obtained from Acros Organics (Geel,Belgium) and purified by filtration and vacuum distillation prior to


4/19

microencapsulation. Urea,


5/19

!n situ pol" 8= microencapsulation o% D9GD 721

ammonium chlori&e an& %ormal&eh"&e Aere purchase& %rom =isher 9hemicals#ouhborouh, 8'. *esorcinol Aas obtaine& %rom E. . )aBer #Ghillipsbur, NeAEerse"'. (th"lene maleic anh"&ri&e #(-5' copol"mer Aas purchase& %rom Jeelan&9hemicals #Jeelan&, -ichian'. 5ll solvents an& substances use& %or preparation o%(-5 solution, aci& an& base solutions an& 1$octanol Aere o% anal"tical ra&e.

Greparation o% microcapsules

-icrocapsules Aere prepare& b" in situ pol"meri4ation in an oil$in$Aater emulsion.

5t room temperature #202K

9', 200 ml o% &eioni4e& Aater an&


6/19

/amples Aere sputtere& Aith a thin la"er #K10 nm' o% ol&$palla&ium to prevent charin

un&er the electron beam.


7/19

722

(lemental anal"sis

-icrocapsule %ill content Aas measure& b" elemental anal"sis usin a 9arbon$

"&roen$Nitroen #9N' anal"ser #9(0, (@eter 5nal"tical !nc.'. -icrocap$sule

samples combuste& at ;0K

9 in an o@"en atmosphere to %orm 9O2 , 2O an& N@O".

noAin the chemical compositions o% 8= #9


8/19

core. 'e microcapsules were prepared following teprocedure in figure at **+ rpm agitation rate.


9/19


=iure 3. -ean microcapsule &iameter vs aitation rate. /i4e anal"sis Aas per%orme& b" opticalmicroscop" on &ata sets o% at least 2


10/19

72 (. N. )roAn et al.

=iure . -icrocapsule si4e &istributions. 5t a


11/19

indicating a mil0y solution.


12/19


Muhammad Yahya-2011-In Situ Poly(Urea-Formaldehyde) Microencapsulation of Dicyclopentadiene

Documents