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Makin Hole: The Drilling of Oil WellsI. Drilling rigs
II. Drilling mechanismsIII. Drilling mudIV. The well below the drilling floorV. Normal drilling operationsVI. Directions of drillingVII. Bad things that happen to wellsVIII. Fates of wellsIX. Geoscience information from wells
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
CuttingsSubject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
CuttingsSubject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
CuttingsSubject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
Cuttings (pieces of rock generated by bit and flushed up hole).Subject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
Cuttings (pieces of rock generated by bit and flushed up hole).Subject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs(mud log = record of what comes up with drilling mud, produced by a person called a mud logger)
Rate of penetration or drill-time logDrilling breaks: rapid increases in rate of penetration,
commonly as the result of increased porosity(but new bits cause the same thing, hopefully as noted).
CuttingsSubject to frequency of samplingSubject to contamination from previously-drilled strata (cave)Logged both as actual arrivals and as inferred lithology drilled
Shows (emissions of gas as measured by detectors, andoiled-stained cuttings at detected by fluorescence in UV)
Cores Tripping in and out;
lessened circulation-
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Whittaker, 2010, The Online
Mudlogging Handbook
?
?
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Whittaker, 2010, The Online
Mudlogging Handbook
?
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Whittaker, 2010, The Online
Mudlogging Handbook
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs
CoresCylinders of rock cut by core-barrel rather than drill bitGreat sources of lithologic/petrophysical information
Not commonly taken because core barrels only hold 60 feet(thus lots of time in tripping out and in and out etc.)Not commonly taken because circulation is diminished while coringRecovery is usually not 100%
Side-wall coresSmall samples taken after drilling by explosive-propelled cupson a wireline tool.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Wireline logs
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs
CoresCylinders of rock cut by core-barrel rather than drill bitGreat sources of lithologic/petrophysical information
Not commonly taken because core barrels only hold 60 feet(thus lots of time in tripping out and in and out etc.)Not commonly taken because circulation is diminished while coringRecovery is usually not 100%
Side-wall coresSmall samples taken after drilling by explosive-propelled cupson a wireline tool.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Wireline logs
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joshuahicks.us/about_me
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logs
CoresCylinders of rock cut by core-barrel rather than drill bitGreat sources of lithologic/petrophysical information
Not commonly taken because core barrels only hold 60 feet(thus lots of time in tripping out and in and out etc.)Not commonly taken because circulation is diminished while coringRecovery is usually not 100%
Side-wall coresSmall samples taken after drilling by explosive-propelled cupson a wireline tool.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Wireline logs
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Explosive caps for side-wall core samples
krandeegroup.com/theuvenins_5/album1.html
f G f G G O G
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from the webpages of the
Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board(www.cnsopb.ns.ca/what_we_do.php)
Side-wall core samples
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logsCoresSide-wall cores
Drill stem tests (DSTs)Test of flow rate and pressure in interval of hole
sealed with packer(s) on end of drill string.Failure of packers against wall of open hole is a common problem.
Wireline logsResponses from tools/sensors lowered into the hole on cables
and pulled upward.Detection of electrical, radioactive, acoustic, and other properties.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
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Assaad 2008
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logsCoresSide-wall cores
Drill stem tests (DSTs)Test of flow rate and pressure in interval of hole
sealed with packer(s) on end of drill string.Failure of packers against wall of open hole is a common problem.
Wireline logsResponses from tools/sensors lowered into the hole on cables
and pulled upward.Detection of electrical, radioactive, acoustic, and other properties.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logsCoresSide-wall cores
Drill stem tests (DSTs)Test of flow rate and pressure in interval of hole
sealed with packer(s) on end of drill string.Failure of packers against wall of open hole is a common problem.
Wireline logsResponses from tools/sensors lowered into the hole on cables
and pulled upward.Detection of electrical, radioactive, acoustic, and other properties.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logsCoresSide-wall cores
Drill stem tests (DSTs)Test of flow rate and pressure in interval of hole
sealed with packer(s) on end of drill string.Failure of packers against wall of open hole is a common problem.
Wireline logsResponses from tools/sensors lowered into the hole on cables
and pulled upward.Detection of electrical, radioactive, acoustic, and other properties.
Logging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)
Measurement while drilling (MWD)
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Rigzone
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Measurement-while-drilling technology
Rigzone
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IX. Geoscience information from wellsInformation on mud logsCoresSide-wall coresDrill stem tests (DSTs)Wireline logsLogging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Production testsMeasurement of rate of flow from bottom of hole
or from perforations of casing.
Vertical seismic profiles
Measurement of travel time of seismic pulses from surfaceto bottom of hole.
Bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs)Measurement of temperatureProblem: circulation of mud and movement of tool stir mud,
disturbing equilibrium distribution of temperature.
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www.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/Petroleum/Review%203.html#maps
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IX. Geoscience information from wellsInformation on mud logsCoresSide-wall coresDrill stem tests (DSTs)Wireline logsLogging while drilling (LWD) (and logging while tripping)Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Production testsMeasurement of rate of flow from bottom of hole
or from perforations of casing.
Vertical seismic profiles
Measurement of travel time of seismic pulses from surfaceto bottom of hole.
Bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs)Measurement of temperatureProblem: circulation of mud and movement of tool stir mud,
disturbing equilibrium distribution of temperature.
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IX. Geoscience information from wells
Information on mud logsCoresSide-wall coresDrill stem tests (DSTs)
Wireline logs
Logging while drilling (LWD and LWT)Measurement while drilling (MWD)
Production testsVertical seismic profiles
Bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs)
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
