BUSINESS PLAN OF AN INNOVATIVE EXPERIENTIAL COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM PRODUCT IN NORTHERN UGANDA THE TEAM: Ilaria Battistella, Myriam Granozio, Martina Marcucci, Ritwik Patil, Giuseppe Pistone, Alessia Simula, Stefania Tedesco. FACULTY SUPERVISOR: Andrea Rossi 31st July 2013 IN COLLABORATION WITH: Dario Ferroni, Francesca Oliva, Cristina Toscano, Enrico Marletto, Massimiliano Franceschini.
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MTM IXth - Business Plan: An innovative experiential community-based tourism product in Northern Uganda
The Business Plan will focus on the development of an innovative tourism product for Northern Uganda, based on the community-based experiential concept developed in the laboratory of Tourist Experience Design (TED) held in the MTM Master
OBJECTIVES The BP will have the following main objectives: - Integration of the analysis carried out in the TED laboratory relating to supply, market, competition and sustainable and community based tourism models - Definition of a tourism product based on the experiential concept developed in the TED laboratory - Definition of a marketing strategy of the product (distribution, supply chain, price, traditional and web communication) - Definition of the operational plan for implementation and training - Definition of the sustainability plan - Definition of the economic and financial plan
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BUSINESS PLAN OF AN INNOVATIVE
EXPERIENTIAL COMMUNITY-BASED
TOURISM PRODUCT IN
NORTHERN UGANDA
THE TEAM: Ilaria Battistella, Myriam Granozio, Martina Marcucci, Ritwik Patil, Giuseppe Pistone, Alessia Simula, Stefania Tedesco.
1) Goal 2) Objective 3) Methodology 4) Sustainable and
community based tourism analysis
5) Market analysis 6) Supply analysis 7) Competitor analysis 8) Local communities 9) Skills, needs and training
10) Stakeholders description
11) Experiential concept 12)Tour package 13) Marketing strategy plan 14) Sustainability plan 15) Operational plan 16) Economic and financial plan 17) Conclusions
CONTENTS
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1) GOAL
The Business Plan will focus on the development of an innovative tourism product for Northern Uganda, based on the community-based experiential concept developed in the laboratory of Tourist Experience Design (TED), and all the marketing, training and sustainable activities to implement the whole product
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2) OBJECTIVE
In the Business Plan we will define:
A tourism product based on the experiential concept developed in the TED laboratory
The marketing strategy of the product (distribution, supply chain, price, traditional and web communication)
The operational plan for implementation and training The sustainability plan The economic and financial plan
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(METHODOLOGY) (cioe desk analisi, ricerche primarie cioe’ interviste a dario,francesca oliva, cristina e trekkingitalia)Ricerche secondarie tipo web site e roba varia)
• 2A analisi della destinazione – Dove si trova (guarda progetto dario)
– Sit. Politica
– Attrazioni del NU (anim: posti: attivita)
– Iva 20%
– Vincoli, problemi..
• 2B domanda attuale e potenziale – Arrivi average of stay expenditure motivation
• 2C analisi della concorrenza – 2c1 Definizione del set dei competitors
• TO Che offrono community base in UGANDA
• Chi offre community base in africa
• Chi offre community base nel mondo
– Caratteristiche dei pacchetti turistici in NU
– Caratteristiche dei pacchetti turistici nel mondo (community based)
3) METHODOLOGY
METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
INTERVIEW TO:
Dario Ferroni (Viaggi Solidali) Francesca Oliva (AVSI) Cristina Toscano (Fondazione Cariplo) Enrico Marletto (Viaggi solidali) Massimiliano Franceschini ( Trekking Italia ) We also had the opportunity to interview via mail the two
communities of Wawoto and Mt. Elgon
PRIMARY RESEARCH
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3) METHODOLOGY
Blogs and websites analysis
Literature analysis
Statistics analysis
SECONDARY RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
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ONE OF THE MOST COMPLETE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEFINITION IS
THE ONE OF WTO (2005) SUSTAINABLE TOURISM:
makes optimal use of environmental resources
respects the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities, conserves their built and living cultural heritage and traditional values
ensures long-term economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed
maintains a high level of tourist satisfaction and ensures a meaningful experience for the tourists, raising their awareness about sustainability issues
4) SUSTAINABLE AND COMMUNITY
BASED TOURISM ANALYSIS
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The major concept that comes out from the previous definition, is that SUSTAINABLE TOURISM runs around three pillars.
CONCEPT OF THE THREE PILLARS OF SUSTAINABILITY
Source: WTO (2005)
4) SUSTAINABLE AND COMMUNITY
BASED TOURISM ANALYSIS
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One of the most comprehensive COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM definition is the one of APEC:
• CBT Is generally small scale and involves interactions between visitors and
host communities • It is a form of local tourism, favoring local services providers and suppliers
and focused on interpreting and communicating the local culture and environment.
• It has been pursued and supported by communities and non-governamental
organizations
Effective Community Based Tourism. A BEST Practice Manual June 2010, APEC Tourism Working Group
4) SUSTAINABLE AND COMMUNITY
BASED TOURISM ANALYSIS
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Community Based Tourism can provide important BENEFITS:
1. support local economic development through diversification of employment 2. respect and encourage equitable participation of local community 3. being ecologically sustainable 4. conserve and promote living cultural heritage and welfare 5. educate visitors about culture and nature 6. demonstrate good management practices 7. ensure a quality and safe experience for all of individuals involved
Effective Community Based Tourism. A BEST Practice Manual June 2010, APEC Tourism Working Group
4) SUSTAINABLE AND COMMUNITY
BASED TOURISM ANALYSIS
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The trend of tourists who visit Uganda is considerably growing.
It might be profitable to invest in it.
5) MARKET ANALYSIS
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM IN UGANDA US $ 778 MILLION
Source: ITC_ Opportunity_ study_ Uganda – October 2011
Own Elaboration- Source UBOS
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5) MARKET ANALYSIS
Source:“Tourism Investment Opportunities in Northern Uganda”. www.visituganda.com
We can find these interests in the SEGMENT we will target :
ECO TOURIST
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5) MARKET ANALYSIS
ECO TOURIST MARKET PROFILE
AGE: 35 - 54 years old
GENDER: 50% female and 50% male
EDUCATION: 82% were college graduates. Those with a higher level of education are also more interested in eco tourism.
POTENTIAL MARKET: Growing at 10%-12% per annum in the international market
Ecotourism Statistical Fact Sheet. The International Ecotourism Society, 2000
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6) SUPPLY ANALYSIS
KIDEPO NATIONAL PARK MURCHISON FALLS
NATIONAL PARK LOCAL COMMUNITIES (eg. Wawoto, Mt. Elgon) WILDLIFE (lions, crocodiles, buffalo…) BREATHLESS SCENARY CULTURAL SITES (ruins, temples, tombs…)
THE MAIN ATTRACTIONS OF NORTHERN UGANDA
According to the Desk Analysis, the most important attractions in Northern Uganda are:
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The Murchison Falls and Kidepo Valley are two of the most attractive parks in Northern Uganda.
The Kidepo is the less
touristic park. This represents a competitive
advantage for our package.
6) SUPPLY ANALYSIS
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7)COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
We analyzed more than 30 websites and we found out that: • Many tour operators offer “Africa” as a product but not many are specialized
in the offer of community based tourism in Uganda
TO BE DIFFERENT WE HAVE TO
LEVERAGE ON LOCAL COMMUNITIES AS WE CONSIDER IT AN INNOVATIVE MARKET
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8)LOCAL COMMUNITIES
In order to develop our Community based product we decided to focus our attention on two communities :
We think that the Wawoto community could be the right incentive to sensitize the tourist on delicate matters while the Mt Elgon community could help the tourist to develop personal skills in different ways.
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8)LOCAL COMMUNITIES
WAWOTO COMMUNITY
THE WAWOTO COMMUNITY BELONGS TO THE DISTRICT OF GULU. NUMBER OF MEMBERS: 130 women comprising of members and employed staff. AGE AVERAGE: 25-45 years old MAIN PROBLEMS: Health disease, HIV, malaria, malnutrition, skin and eye infections are on the increase, lack of safe water, latrines, and good food
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Main Activities:
8)LOCAL COMMUNITIES
WAWOTO COMMUNITY
EMBROIDERY TAILORING WEAVING TIE AND DYE
CASSAVA SOY BEANS FINGER MILLET SORGHUM
Local food:
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8)LOCAL COMMUNITIES
MT. ELGON COMMUNITY
MISSION To improve the quality of life of rural people affected by poverty, natural disasters, conflicts and diseases, to support them through capacity building, income generation, self-help groups and benefit people and environment
WHICH TYPE OF PROBLEM THEY HAVE : Sick people with a few well-equipped hospitals. Major diseases: Malaria, water born diseases, AIDS EDUCATION LEVEL : Over 20% of the children do not go to school
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8)LOCAL COMMUNITIES
MT. ELGON COMMUNITY
LIVESTOCK REARING
HUNTING HONEY GATHERERS
LATER PASTORALISTS
LOCAL ACTIVITIES
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PROGRAMS developed inside the Mt Elgon community 1. Producing Solar Panels to provide energy for rural Population in
Uganda 2. Empowering rural women with Income Generating Projects 3. Supporting Orphans and Vulnerable Children and Youth through
clubs 4. Provision of Shelter for Poor families 5. Provide energy for the rural population in Uganda 6. Construction of Bumbo Community Library
Production of jewels made of beads and greeting cards made with banana leaves
WAWOTO SKILLS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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THE MOST IMPORTANT NEEDS THAT WE IDENTIFIED ARE:
Fighting against AIDS/HIV Improving hygienic conditions
To understand the importance of an adequate diet
To be economically self-sufficient
WAWOTO NEEDS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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TRAININGS COMMUNITY BENEFITS TOURIST BENEFITS
IMPROVING HYGIENIC CONDITIONS
• Reduction of diseases
• Better overall experience
WOMEN SUCCESSFUL BUSINESSES
• Local empowerement • New source of Income • Equality
• Authentic hand craft souvenirs and wider choice of products
ENGLISH COURSE • Better communication
• Better communication
TRAINING WOMEN ON HOW TO TEACH TOURISTS
• Self development
• Better knowledge exchanging
TRAINING ON SOCIAL MEDIA • Acquiring innovative
knowledge
• Easier access to the community information
WAWOTO TRAININGS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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PEOPLE LIVING IN THIS COMMUNITY ARE SKILLED AT:
FARMING of both subsistence and cash crops to sustain their livelihood. The main crops grown are maize, beans and coffee.
HONEY GATHERING ENTERTAINMENT, young people have developed songs, plays,
poems and games that teach and counsel them to live positive lives
MT. ELGON SKILLS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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THE MOST IMPORTANT NEEDS THAT WE IDENTIFIED ARE: Improving overall hygienic conditions
Youth education Employment
Women and men empowerment
MT. ELGON NEEDS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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TRAININGS COMMUNITY BENEFITS TOURIST BENEFITS
IMPROVING HYGIENIC CONDITIONS
• Reduction of diseases
• Better overall experience
PRIMARY SCHOOL • Education • Knowledge acquisition of
how to write and read
• Cultural exchange
CULTIVATING FIELD FOR MEN • Local empowerement • New source of Income • Equality
• Experiencing authentic local activities
• Eating fresh vegetables
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT • New source of income • Self reliance
• Interesting cultural exchange
ENGLISH COURSE • Better communication and
mutual understanding • Better communication and
mutual understanding
TRAINING ON SOCIAL MEDIA • Acquiring innovative
knowledge
• Easier access to the community information
MT. ELGON TRAININGS
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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• Online social media course for a tour operator employee in order to keep the website updated (150 dollars)
• The social media coordinator will also maintain the social platforms, especially Facebook page, Twitter, the blog (happiness blog), and will also have the task to create relationships with other on line communities
SOCIAL MEDIA MANAGEMENT COURSE FOR T.O.
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
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A training for tourist is needed in order to get to a better mutual understanding between tourists and the communities
It will be a meeting before leaving in a city that has to be established
TOURISTS BRIEFFING
9)SKILLS, NEEDS AND
TRAININGS
Tourists should approach to them with RESPECT
They should leave imperialistic clichés at home and feel free to enjoy the stories, legends and values of the local communities
During the travel these values will be repeated by the guide
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IN ORDER TO DEVELOP THE TOURIST PACKAGE THE COLLABORATION OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND
OTHER ACTORS IS NEEDED:
MATOKE TOURS – Tour operator and ground partner. TREKKING ITALIA & VIAGGI SOLIDALI – Distribution channels in Italy. The pilot project (first year) will be distributed in Italy. AVSI – Leader of the development program (community awareness and training). FONDAZIONE CARIPLO & USAID – Philanthropic partners.
10)STAKEHOLDERS DESCRIPTION
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THE HAPPINESS COMMUNITY BASED EXPERIENCE IN NORTHERN UGANDA IS BASED ON 2 MAIN ASPECTS:
11) EXPERIENTIAL CONCEPT
“HAPPINESS IS A POSITIVE STATE OF MIND THAT INCLUDES EXCITEMENT, EUDAMONIA, OPTIMISM AND PEACE OF MIND
CAUSED BY EXTERNAL FACTORS THAT CAN CHANGE YOUR APPROACH TO LIFE AND MAY LEAD TO ELATION ”
HAPPINESS
“RELATIONSHIP AND INTERACTION OF PEOPLE WITH SPECIFIC NEED BELIEVES AND DIALECTS WHO SHARE COMMON VALUES AND COOPERATE TO REACH THEIR HAPPINESS”
COMMUNITY
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11) EXPERIENTIAL CONCEPT
THE HAPPINESS COMMUNITY BASED EXPERIENCE IN NORTHERN UGANDA:
Northern Ugandan population attitude offers a deep sense of happiness
We hope it will make the travellers become conscious of their own identity through many different experiences
We would like the travellers to remind the essential values of life (such as family, friendship, sense of community)
a great opportunity to escape from the stress of ordinary life and recharge the batteries
It should be based on INTERACTION, RESPECT and KNOWLEDGE
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12) TOUR PACKAGE
«HAPPINESS COMMUNITY BASED EXPERIENCE IN NORTHERN UGANDA»
15 DAYS TOUR
VISIT TO NATIONAL PARKS
LOCAL COMMUNITIES
The final program and its activities must be decided together with the communities
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1 Arrive at Entebbe AIRPORT at
13.00
2 Crazy Boda Boda in Kampala
3 Meet the Wawoto community
in Gulu
4 Day spent with the community
5 Day spent with the community
6 Day spent with the community
7 Heading to Kidepo valley
8 Kidepo Park
9
Return to the community
from the Kidepo park
After a short visit in Kampala the tourists will go to Gulu to meet the Wawoto community where they will spend 4 days experiencing the local culture and the traditional activities, such as embroidery, weaving, hair braiding, making traditional jewels, storytelling, local cuisine
They will then visit the Kidepo Park where they will experience a camp fire. They will spend the first night in a tent, while the second one will be spent in a hotel
12) TOUR PACKAGE
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10 Journey to the Murchison Falls
11 Heading to Mt. Elgon
12 Day spent with the community
13
Day spent with the community
and visit the National Park
14
Touring the park, visit national
park
15 Return to Entebbe airport
On the 10th day the tourists will leave the Wawoto community in order to go meet the Mt Elgon community. They will spend with them a couple of days where they will be involved in the construction of solar panels, cultivating the fields and storytelling. They will have the chance to visit the Mt Elgon National Park where we will do bird watching, wild tours, see crocodiles and chimpanzees in their natural habitat
On the last day a little local market will be organized to give the tourists the opportunity to buy souvenirs
12) TOUR PACKAGE
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13)MARKETING STRATEGY PLAN
TO POSITION OUR PRODUCT PROPERLY, IN ORDER TO EFFECTIVELY SELL IT, WE NEED TO IDENTIFY A SUITABLE MARKETING STRATEGY PLAN. CONSEQUENTLY WE HAVE TO:
Decide a correct pricing strategy Understand how to distribute our product Develop a plan of action regarding the promotion and the
communication on the web
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It is a skim strategy since the product is not mass-market
The markup goes from 22% to 25%
In order to define a suitable pricing strategy we also took into
consideration our competitors’ prices: (from US $ 1590 for 10 days to US $ 2960 for 14 days)
13)MARKETING STRATEGY PLAN
PRICING STRATEGY
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Our product can be considered a NICHE product, for this reason our
distribution strategy cannot focus on traditional distribution
channels. On account of this, we chose two different way to spread our
product:
1. Direct sell: Matoke Tour will sell the package directly on its website
2. Indirect sell: Viaggi Solidali and Trekking Italia will sell our product in Italy. If we sell our product through these channels we will have to give them 40% of our revenues
13)MARKETING STRATEGY PLAN
DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY
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Owned Media: Directly controlled by the T.O. Package website, blog,
facebook page, twitter account and a youtube channel
Earned Media: Controlled by the online communities. Objective: become a leader of thought Blogs, forums, facebook pages and
youtube channels dealing with sustainability and self development.
COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
13)MARKETING STRATEGY PLAN
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RELATIONSHIP WITH ONLINE COMMUNITIES
In order to promote our package we can use different channels.
The web is the best solution because it is cheap and reaches a wide market: an example of a good channel is online communities.
The following are examples of communities that reflect the general needs and interests of our tourist profile:
Kaya Responsible travel: Kaya’s mission is to promote sustainable, social, environmental and economic development, empower communities and cultivate educated, compassionate global citizens through responsible travel Ecofriendlytourist: They offer information and opinions to help concerned tourists plan holidays that are greener so they can do their bit.
A BLOG TO INTERACT WITH THE WEB: Our plan is creating a specialized blog on the two chosen communities, Wawoto and Mt. Elgon, in order to keep the followers updated with the latest news. The blogger will be a member of Matoke who will have followed a social media manager course. Objectives: •creating contacts with important influencers of other blogs •creating important relationships and acknowledge tourists of the existing package and communities.
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14) SUSTAINABILITY PLAN
Promoting donation programs Buying local products A part of Matoke’s profit will
be given to the community
Maintaining unexploited area Compensate the tourist impact Minimizing the use of paper
Involve the community in the creation of the package
Empowering local communities Enhancing human capital
development Promote equity
The sustainability plan must take into consideration the three main aspects of sustainability:
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Profit sharing mechanism Ex. 25 for
accomodation: 5 goes to the community See COBATI
DONATE
TOUR OPERATOR
SOUVENIRS
W
E
B
ON SITE
ACCOMODATION
MEALS
14) SUSTAINABILITY PLAN
PROFIT SHARING MECHANISM
THE PROFIT SHARING MECHANISM TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION ALL THE STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED:
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14) SUSTAINABILITY PLAN
PROFIT SHARING MECHANISM
Knowing the number of arrivals and the general expenditure for the year we calculated the average individual expense for souvenirs . Assuming that 50% of this is destined to the community we can suppose that they have an approximate income of $ 37,58 per tourist.
EXAMPLE OF REVENUE FOR A COMMUNITY
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HERE WE SEE HOW MUCH THE WAWOTO COMMUN ITY GAINS PER YEAR IF THE TOURISTS:
Sleeps, Eats, Buys souvenirs, Participates in the courses, Makes a donation.
cost of the trip 2.002,39$ 2.502,99$ price of the trip
*Turnover for the T.O. --> we intend the amount of money invoiced by the Tour Operator
*Money for each community per year --> we intend the amount of money that each community receive from the sale of the tourist packages
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MARKETING COSTS 1 2 3 4 5
WEBSITES CREATION 450,00$
SOCIAL MEDIA COURSE 150,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$
MARKETING SOCIAL MEDIA MANGAER ( PART TIME) 550,00$ 550,00$ 550,00$ 550,00$ 550,00$
DOMAIN 50,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$ 50,00$
ADD WORDS ON GOOGLE 200,00$ 200,00$ 200,00$ 200,00$ 200,00$
VIDEO AND MULTIMEDIAL FILE PRODUCTION 400,00$
TOTAL 1.800,00$ 850,00$ 850,00$ 850,00$ 850,00$
YEAR
IN THIS TABLE ARE SHOWN THE MARKETING COSTS THAT THE TOUR OPERATOR HAS TO SUPPORT DURING THE NEXT FIVE YEARS
16) ECONOMIC & FINANCIAL
PLAN
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IN THIS TABLE ARE SHOWN THE TRAINING COSTS THAT OUR PHILANTROPIC PARTNER HAS TO SUPPORT
EXPENSE FOR LENGTH DAYSEFFECTIVE
HOURESTOTAL PRICE
MAX N. OF
PEOPLEMADE BY
TRAINING FOR IMPROVING HYGIENIC CONDITIONS (wawoto) 5 weeks 10 20 1.000,00$ 20 local doctor
TRAINING FOR IMPROVING HYGIENIC CONDITIONS (mt elgon) 5 weeks 10 20 1.000,00$ 20 local doctor
TRAINING WOMEN ON HOW TO RUN SUCCESFUL BUSINESSES (wawoto) 2 weeks 10 10 500,00$ 15 volunteer
ENGLISH COURSES FOR THE CULTURAL MEDIATOR (wawoto ) 10 weeks 30 60 3.000,00$ 1 volunteer
ENGLISH COURSES FOR THE CULTURAL MEDIATOR ( mt. ellgon ) 10 weeks 30 60 3.000,00$ 1 volunteer
TRAINING WOMEN ON HOW TO TEACH TO THE TOURISTS ( wawoto) 10 days 10 10 500,00$ 12 guru of the community
PRIMARY SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN 10 weeks 50 150 7.500,00$ 15 local teacher
PRIMARY SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN 10 weeks 50 150 7.500,00$ 15 local teacher
TECHINIQUE FOR CULTIVATION OF FIELD FOR YOUNG MAN ( mt elgon) 4 weeks 20 40 2.000,00$ 10 local expert farmer
EMPOWERING RURAL WOMEN ( mt elgon ) 1 day 1 3 150,00$
TRAINING ON SOCIAL MEDIA FOR MT ELGON 2 weeks 4 12 600,00$ 2 t.o.
TRAINING ON SOCIAL MEDIA FOR WAWOTO 2 weeks 4 12 600,00$ 2 t.o.
TOTAL 229 547 27.350,00$
16) ECONOMIC & FINANCIAL
PLAN
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17) CONCLUSION
The tour package is INNOVATIVE, based on a new EXPERIENTIAL CONCEPT
The approach is COOPERATIVE: because it is based on the RELATIONSHIP between the COMMUNITIES and the STAKEHOLDERS (MATOKE, TREKKING ITALIA, AVSI, FONDAZIONE CARIPLO)
The tour package has a lot of POTENTIAL in the ECO-TOURISM MARKET and it follows the SUSTAINABILITY STANDARDS
This project could represent a MODEL for the SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE DEVELOPMENT that can be applied to other communities, not only in Northern Uganda but also in the rest of AFRICA