-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 1 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
TECHNICAL REPORT
Magnetic Testing in the welds of the Upper Wagon
Central Deck Q1000/C an Q1000/D
March 2015
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 2 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Panama, March 2015
Gentlemen: Cimolai Technology, S. p. A.
Attention. Alessandro Boscaro.
REF: Magnetic Testing Inspection and Reinspection of welds of
Upper Wagon Central Deck
Cot C1502-021S
Respected Engineer
Attached Technical Magnetic Testing Report, by WDS Ingeniera,
S.A.,
Testing conducted in welds of Upper Wagon Central Deck in the
Panama
Canal expansion.
This report contains observations and conclusions relating to
the service.
Best regards
ENG. Daniel Rivero
ASNT-TC-1A Level II PT, VT, MT. Level II UT, ECT
AWS Member No 675950
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 3 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
CONTENT.
1. OBJECTIVE
2. INSPECTION DATE, PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENTS
3. DEFINITIONS
4. PROCEDURE
5. ACCEPTANCE AND REJECT CRITERIA
6. INSPECTION RESULTS
7. CONCLUSSIONS
8. ANNEXES
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 4 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
1. OBJECTIVE.
Evaluate the condition of the welds of the Upper Wagon Central
Deck,
trough magnetic testing (MT).
2. INSPECTION DATE, PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENTS.
The inspections were made on March 4th 2015.
The personnel involved in the testing was:
- Eng Cuicas Wisthon, ASNT-TC-1A Level II: VT, PT, MT, and
UT.
The equipment used was:
Magnetic Test (MT)
- MAGNAFLUX red magnetic particles (Dry).
- MAGNAFLUX Magnetic Yoke, Serial # 1858.
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TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 5 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
3. DEFINITIONS.
Principle: The magnetic particle method is based on establishing
a magnetic field with high flux density in a ferromagnetic
material. The flux
lines must spread out when they pass through non-ferromagnetic
material such as air in a discontinuity or an inclusion. Because
flux lines cannot
cross, this spreading action may force some of the flux lines
out of the material (flux leakage). Flux leakage is also caused by
reduction in
ferromagnetic material (cross-sectional change), a Sharp
dimensional
change, or the end of the part. If the flux leakage is strong
enough, fine magnetic particles will be held in place and an
accumulation of particles
will be visible under the proper lighting conditions. While
there are variations in the magnetic particle method, they all are
dependent on this
principle, that magnetic particles will be retained at the
locations of magnetic flux leakage. The amount of flux leakage at
discontinuities
depends primarily on the following factors; flux density in the
material, and size, orientation, and proximity to the surface of a
discontinuity. With
longitudinal fields, all of the flux lines must complete their
loops though air and an excessively strong magnetic field may
interfere with
examination near the flux entry and exit points due to the high
flux-density present at these points.
Method: there are three steps essential to the method:
The part must be magnetized. Magnetic particles of the type
designated in the contract/purchase
order/specification should be applied while the part is
magnetized or immediately thereafter.
Any accumulation of magnetic particles must be observed,
interpreted, and evaluated.
Ways to Magnetize: A ferromagnetic material can be magnetized
either
by passing an electric current through the material or by
placing the
material within a magnetic field originated by an external
source. The
entire mass or a portion of the mass can be magnetized as
dictated by
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TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 6 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
size and equipment capacity or need. As previously noted, in
order to be
detectable, the discontinuity must interrupt the normal path of
the
magnetic field lines. If a discontinuity is open to the surface,
the flux
leakage attracting the particles will be at the maximum value
for that
particular discontinuity. When that same discontinuity is below
the
surface, flux leakage evident on the surface will be a lesser
value.
Field Direction: If a discontinuity is oriented parallel to the
magnetic
field lines, it may be essentially undetectable. Therefore,
since
discontinuities may occur in any orientation, it may be
necessary to
magnetize the part or the area of interest twice or more
sequentially in
different directions by the same method or a combination of
different
methods to induce magnetic field lines in a suitable direction
in which to
perform an adequate examination.
Field Strength: The magnetic field must be of sufficient
strength to
indicate those discontinuities which are unacceptable, yet must
not be so
strong that an excess of local particle accumulation masks
relevant
indications
Types of Magnetic Particles and Their Use: There are various
types
of magnetic particles available for use in magnetic particle
testing. They
are available as dry powders (fluorescent and nonfluorescent)
ready for
use as supplied, powder concentrates (fluorescent and
nonfluorescent)
for dispersion in water or suspending in light petroleum
distillates,
magnetic slurries/paints, and magnetic polymer dispersions.
Evaluation of Indications: When the material to be examined has
been
properly magnetized, the magnetic particles have been properly
applied,
and the excess particles properly removed, there will be
accumulations of
magnetic particles remaining at the points of flux leakage.
These
accumulations show the distortion of the magnetic field and are
called
indications. Without disturbing the particles, the indications
must be
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 7 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
examined, classified, compared with the acceptance standards,
and a
decision made concerning the disposition of the material that
contains the
indication.
Typical Magnetic Particle Indications:
Surface Discontinuities: Surface discontinuities, with few
exceptions, produce sharp, distinct patterns.
Near-surface discontinuities: Near-surface discontinuities
produce less distinct indications than those open to the
surface. The
patterns tend to be broad, rather than sharp, and the particles
are
less tightly held.
Yokes: Yokes are usually C-shaped electromagnets which induce
a
magnetic field between the poles (legs) and are used for
local
magnetization. Many portable yokes have articulated legs (poles)
that
allow the legs to be adjusted to contact irregular surfaces or
two surfaces
that join at an angle.
USE A YOKE AS TOOL FOR INSPECTION
Yoke: Examination of large surface areas for surface-type
discontinuities.
Advantages Limitations
1. No electrical contact.
2. Highly portable.
3. Can locate
discontinuities in any
direction with proper
orientation.
1. Time consuming.
2. Must be
systematically
repositioned in view of
random discontinuity
orientation.
Yoke, dry powders
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 8 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Dry Particles: Dry magnetic powders are designed to be used as
supplied
and are applied by spraying or using directly onto the surface
of the part
being examined. They are generally used on an expendable basis
because
of the requirement to maintain particle size and control
possible
contamination. Reuse is not a normal practice. Dry powders may
also be
used under extreme environmental conditions. They are not
affected by
cold; therefore examination can be carried out at temperatures
that would
thicken or freeze wet baths. They are also heat resistant; some
powders
may be usable at temperatures up to 600F (315C). Some
colored,
organic coatings applied to dry particles to improve contrast
lose their
color at temperatures this high, making the contrast less
effective.
Fluorescent dry particles cannot be used at this high a
temperature; the
manufacturer should be contacted for the temperature
limitations.
USE A DRY PARTICLES FOR INSPECTION
Advantages Disadvantages
The dry magnetic particle technique is
generally superior to the wet technique for
detection of near-surface discontinuities on
parts with a gross indication size:
(a) for large objects when using portable
equipment for local magnetization;
(b) superior particle mobility is obtained for
relatively deep-seated flaws using halfwave
rectified current as the magnetizing source;
(c) easy for removal.
The dry magnetic particle technique:
(a) cannot be used in confined areas without
proper safety breathing apparatus;
(b) can be difficult to use in overhead
magnetizing positions;
(c) does not always leave evidence of complete
coverage of part surface as with the wet
technique;
(d) is likely to have lower production rates
than the wet technique; and
(e) is difficult to adapt to any type of automatic
system.
Dry Continuous Magnetization Technique: Unlike a wet
suspension,
dry particles lose most of their mobility when they contact the
surface of
a part. Therefore, it is imperative that the part/area of
interest be under
the influence of the applied magnetic field while the particles
are still
airborne and free to be attracted to leakage fields. This
dictates that the
flow of magnetizing current be initiated prior to the
application of dry
magnetic particles and terminated after the application of
powder has
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 9 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
been completed and any excess has been blown off. Magnetizing
with HW
current and AC current provide additional particle mobility on
the surface
of the part. Examination with dry particles is usually carried
out in
conjunction with prod-type or yoke localized magnetizations, and
buildup
of indications is observed as the particles are being
applied.
4. PROCEDURE.
The procedure is developed based on the standard ASTM E-709-08.
What
is summarized in the following steps:
a. Cleaning the inspection area (Chapter 9).
b. Continues magnetization in one direction (using the
electromagnetic
yoke).
c. Application of the visible particles (red) dry powder.
d. First evaluation (Chapters 10 and 16).
e. Continues magnetization perpendicular to the first direction
of
assessment (using the electromagnetic yoke).
f. Final evaluation (Chapters 10 and 16).
g. Demagnetization (Chapter 18).
h. Cleaning post evaluation (Chapter 19).
i. Demarcation of indications.
j. Filling of the sheet technical report. In accordance with
Chapters 17 and
21 of ASTM E-709-08.
5. ACCEPTANCE OR REJECT CRITERIA.
Acceptance or reject criteria was according to AWS D1.1
STRUCTURAL
WELDING CODE.
6. INSPECTION RESULTS.
During the Magnetic Testing Inspection of the 100% of the
welds
belonging to Upper Wagon Central Deck Q1000/D and Q1000/C
relevant
discontinuities were detected.
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 10 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Magnetic Testing Inspection in the welds of the
Upper Wagon Central Deck Q1000/C
Weld Stamping Defects determination Result
Ubication Length Accept Reject
W1 N/A Superficial 160mm X
W2 N/A X
W3 N/A X
W4 N/A Superficial 160mm and 80mm
X
W5 N/A 160mm and 30mm
X
W6 N/A X
W7 N/A Superficial 110mm X
W8 N/A Superficial 100mm
and 30mm
X
COMMENTS:
MADE BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY
COMPANY
SIGNATURE
NAME ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel
Rivero
DATE 03-09-2015 03-09-2015 03-09-2015
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 11 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Magnetic Testing Reinspection in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck Q1000/C
Weld Stamping Defects determination Result
Ubication Length Accept Reject
W1 N/A X
W4 N/A X
W5 N/A X
W7 N/A X
W8 N/A X
COMMENTS:
MADE BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY
COMPANY
SIGNATURE
NAME ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel
Rivero
DATE 03-09-2015 03-09-2015 03-09-2015
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 12 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Magnetic Testing Inspection in the welds of the
Upper Wagon Central Deck Q1000/D
Weld Stamping Defects determination Result
Ubication Length Accept Reject
W1 N/A Superficial 160mm and 70mm
X
W2 N/A X
W3 N/A Superficial 21mm and
30mm
X
W4 N/A
W5 N/A Superficial 45mm,
20mm and 85mm
X
W6 N/A Superficial 60mm and
65mm
X
W7 N/A Superficial 65mm X
W8 N/A Superficial 90mm and
60mm
X
COMMENTS:
MADE BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY
COMPANY
SIGNATURE
NAME ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel
Rivero
DATE 03-09-2015 03-09-2015 03-09-2015
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 13 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
Magnetic Testing Reinspection in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck Q1000/D
Weld Stamping Defects determination Result
Ubication Length Accept Reject
W1 N/A X
W3 N/A X
W5 N/A X
W6 N/A X
W7 N/A X
W8 N/A X
COMMENTS:
MADE BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY
COMPANY
SIGNATURE
NAME ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel
Rivero
DATE 03-09-2015 03-09-2015 03-09-2015
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 14 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
7. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS.
All indications found were repaired. All welds were APPROVED
after the repairment.
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 15 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
8. ANNEXES
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 16 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]
PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD
-
TECHNICAL REPORT Magnetic Testing in the welds of
the Upper Wagon Central Deck
Rev: 0 March 2015 Page 17 of 17
WDS INGENIERIA, S.A. Inspected by: Report written by: Report
reviewed by:
ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Wisthon Cuicas ENG. Daniel Rivero
Calle Ferrer Arias, Edif Dos Mares View, Apto 2D, Dos Mares,
Ciudad de Panam +507 391 0946 / +507 6668 1761
[email protected]