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UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA First Semester Examination 2016/2017 Academic Session December 2016 / January 2017 MSG 368 - Sample Survey and Sampling Technique [Tinjauan Sampel & Teknik Persampelan] Duration : 3 hours [Masa : 3 jam] Please check that this examination paper consists of THIRTEEN pages of printed material before you begin the examination. [Sila pastikan bahawa kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi TIGA BELAS muka surat yang bercetak sebelum anda memulakan peperiksaan ini.] Instructions: Answer all eight [8] questions. [Arahan: Jawab semua lapan [8] soalan.] In the event of any discrepancies, the English version shall be used. [Sekiranya terdapat sebarang percanggahan pada soalan peperiksaan, versi Bahasa Inggeris hendaklah diguna pakai]. …2/-
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MSG 368 - Sample Survey and Sampling Technique [Tinjauan … · 6. PERMATA is a company selling electrical equipment and supplies to electricians, PERMATA is a company selling electrical

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Page 1: MSG 368 - Sample Survey and Sampling Technique [Tinjauan … · 6. PERMATA is a company selling electrical equipment and supplies to electricians, PERMATA is a company selling electrical

UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

First Semester Examination 2016/2017 Academic Session

December 2016 / January 2017

MSG 368 - Sample Survey and Sampling Technique [Tinjauan Sampel & Teknik Persampelan]

Duration : 3 hours

[Masa : 3 jam]

Please check that this examination paper consists of THIRTEEN pages of printed material before you begin the examination. [Sila pastikan bahawa kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi TIGA BELAS muka surat yang bercetak sebelum anda memulakan peperiksaan ini.] Instructions: Answer all eight [8] questions. [Arahan: Jawab semua lapan [8] soalan.]

In the event of any discrepancies, the English version shall be used.

[Sekiranya terdapat sebarang percanggahan pada soalan peperiksaan, versi Bahasa Inggeris hendaklah diguna pakai].

…2/-

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[MSG368]

- 2 -

1. (a) State three different types of non-sampling errors and briefly describe

circumstances in surveys that give rise to these errors.

(b) Discuss the two uses of open versus closed questions.

[ 10 marks ]

1. (a) Nyatakan tiga jenis ralat bukan kerana pensampelan dan terangkan secara

ringkas keadaan dalam kaji selidik yang wujudnya ralat tersebut.

(b) Bincangkan dua kegunaan soalan terbuka berbanding soalan tertutup.

[ 10 markah ]

2. A tourism board in Peninsular Malaysia has conducted a survey of small hotels

(defined as hotels with 12 or fewer rooms). One of the objectives was to establish

the extent to which small hotels used the local tourist information center to obtain

bookings. A simple random sampling was conducted from a population of 300

hotels. It was found that of 60 responses received, 45 hotels used the local tourists

information center to obtain bookings.

(a) Determine an approximate 90% confidence interval for the proportions of

all small hotels in the country which use local tourist information center to

obtain bookings.

Explain your results.

(b) Within the same survey, hotel keepers were asked about their room prices.

The average price of a single room was RM200 per night and the standard

deviations of prices was RM60. The research officer was hoping to

estimate the mean room price to within RM12. Estimate the smallest

achieved sample size with at least 95% confidence.

(c) State the two advantages and disadvantages for this type of sampling.

[ 10 marks ]

2. Lembaga pelancongan di Semenanjung Malaysia telah menjalankan satu kajian

terhadap hotel-hotel kecil (ditakrifkan sebagai hotel dengan 12 bilik ke bawah).

Salah satu objektif adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana hotel kecil

menggunakan pusat maklumat pelancongan tempatan untuk mendapatkan

tempahan. Satu pensampelan rawak mudah dilaksanakan daripada populasi

sebanyak 300 buah hotel. Ia mendapati bahawa 60 maklum balas yang diterima,

sebanyak 45 hotel menggunakan pusat maklumat pelancong tempatan untuk

mendapatkan tempahan.

(a) Tentukan anggaran selang keyakinan 90% bagi perkadaran untuk semua

hotel kecil di negara ini yang menggunakan pusat maklumat pelancongan

tempatan untuk mendapatkan tempahan.

…3/-

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[MSG368]

- 3 -

(b) Dalam kajian yang sama, penjaga hotel ditanya mengenai harga bilik

mereka. Harga purata sebuah bilik perseorangan adalah RM200 untuk

satu malam dan sisihan piawainya ialah RM60. Pegawai penyelidikan

berharap untuk menganggar min harga bilik dalam lingkungan RM12.

Anggarkan saiz sampel yang terkecil yang boleh dicapai dengan sekurang-

kurangnya 95% keyakinan.

(c) Nyatakan dua kebaikan dan keburukan untuk jenis pensampelan ini.

[ 10 markah ]

3. Foresters want to estimate the average age of trees in a stand. In general, the older

the tree, the larger the diameter, and the diameter is easy to measure. The foresters

measure the diameters of all 200 trees and found that the mean is 10.5 and they

then randomly select 5 trees for age measurement.

Tree Number 1 2 3 4 5

Diameter, x 12.0 11.4 9.0 10.5 7.9

Age, y 125 119 85 99 117

2

ix 527.62 ; 2

iy 60501 ; i ix y 5585.4

(a) Identify the variable of interest, sampling unit and any additional

information associated with the units.

(b) Estimate the population mean age of trees in the stand using ratio

estimation and give an approximate standard error for your estimate.

(c) Determine an approximate 95% confidence interval for the population total

age of trees in the stand by using regression estimation.

(d) Compute the relative efficiency of the two estimators. Explain your result.

[ 15 marks ]

3. Pengawas perhutanan ingin menganggarkan min usia pokok di suatu kawasan.

Secara umumnya, pokok yang lebih tua, garispusatnya adalah lebar, dan

garispusat adalah mudah untuk diukur. Pengawas perhutanan mengukur

garispusat pada semua 200 pokok dan didapati bahawa min ialah 10.5 dan mereka

kemudian memilih secara rawak 5 pokok untuk ukuran usia.

Nombor pokok 1 2 3 4 5

Garispusat, x 12.0 11.4 9.0 10.5 7.9

Usia, y 125 119 85 99 117

2

ix 527.62 ; 2

iy 60501 ; i ix y 5585.4

(a) Camkan pembolehubah yang diamati, unit pensampelan, dan apa-apa

maklumat tambahan yang berkaitan dengan unit.

…4/-

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[MSG368]

- 4 -

(b) Anggarkan min populasi usia pokok di kawasan tersebut dengan

menggunakan nisbah anggaran dan cari ralat piawai untuk anggaran

anda.

(c) Tentukan anggaran 95% selang keyakinan untuk jumlah populasi usia

pokok di kawasan tersebut dengan menggunakan regresi anggaran.

(d) Kirakan kecekapan relatif bagi kedua-dua penganggar. Terangkan

jawapan anda.

[ 15 markah ]

4. There are 300 ponds in a development block consisting of 120 villages. The

administration is planning to use these ponds for fish farming. A survey was

undertaken to estimate the total pond area available at present. A simple random

sample of 8 villages was drawn. The area of each pond in the sample villages was

accurately measured. The number of ponds in each sampled villages and the area

of ponds are as follows:

Village Number of ponds Area (in hectares)

1 3 2.56 0.43 1.62

2 2 1.31 2.94

3 4 1.05 2.66 0.87 1.02

4 2 2.31 1.75

5 4 0.22 0.85 1.93 0.74

6 2 1.36 0.99

7 2 0.34 1.41

8 3 2.07 1.61 0.73

(a) State the type of sampling design used.

(b) Estimate the total pond area in the development block, and place a bound

on the error of estimation.

(c) How many villages should be included in the sample for estimating

population total with a margin of error of magnitude 60 hectares?

[ 14 marks ]

…5/-

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[MSG368]

- 5 -

4. Terdapat sebanyak 300 buah kolam di blok pembangunan yang terdiri daripada

120 buah kampung. Pusat pentadbiran merancang untuk menggunakan kolam ini

untuk ternakan ikan. Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk menganggar jumlah luas

kawasan yang sedia ada. Satu sampel sebanyak 8 buah kampung telah dipilih

secara rawak mudah. Luas bagi setiap kolam di kampung yang terpilih diukur

dengan tepat. Bilangan kolam di setiap kampung yang disampelkan dan luas

kawasan kolam adalah seperti berikut:

(a) Nyatakan jenis reka bentuk pensampelan yang digunakan.

(b) Anggarkan jumlah luas kawasan kolam di blok pembangunan, dan tentukan

batas ralat penganggaran.

(c) Berapa banyak kampung yang perlu disampelkan untuk menganggar

jumlah luas kawasan kolam dengan batas 60 hektar bagi ralat

penganggaran?

[ 14 markah ]

5. In 2010, researchers in a Government Department wished to examine the degree

of absenteeism amongst employees. As it was time consuming, the researchers

took a sample of personnel records, with the stratification being by pay grade

The results are summarized below.

Pay grade Number of

employees

Sample size Mean sample

of days of

absence

Variance

sample

High 1200 40 4.0 1.5

Middle 5000 40 6.5 2.5

Low 3800 40 8.0 3.0

(a) Estimate the mean number of days of absence for all employees.

(b) Estimate the standard error of the mean number of days of absence for each

of the three pay grades.

(c) Calculate an approximate 95% confidence interval for the total number of

days of absence for all employees.

…6/-

Kampung Bilangan kolam Luas (dalam hektar)

1 3 2.56 0.43 1.62

2 2 1.31 2.94

3 4 1.05 2.66 0.87 1.02

4 2 2.31 1.75

5 4 0.22 0.85 1.93 0.74

6 2 1.36 0.99

7 2 0.34 1.41

8 3 2.07 1.61 0.73

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[MSG368]

- 6 -

(d) In 2012, researchers are to repeat the investigation to determine whether the

absenteeism rate has improved. This would use information from 2010, and

a total sample size of 120. Find the values of nh that give optimal

allocation, and explain why such allocation might be beneficial in this

study.

[ 17 marks ]

5. Pada tahun 2010, penyelidik di sebuah Jabatan Kerajaan ingin memeriksa tahap

ketidakhadiran dalam kalangan pekerja. Oleh sebab ia akan memakan masa,

penyelidik mengambil sampel rekod kakitangan, dengan stratifikasi dilakukan

mengikut gred gaji. Keputusan diringkaskan seperti berikut:

Gred gaji Bilangan

kakitangan

Saiz

sampel

Sampel min bagi

bilangan hari tidak hadir

Sampel

varians

Tinggi 1200 40 4.0 1.5

Sederhana 5000 40 6.5 2.5

Rendah 3800 40 8.0 3.0

(a) Anggarkan min bilangan hari yang tidak hadir untuk semua kakitangan.

(b) Anggarkan ralat piawai bagi min bilangan hari yang tidak hadir bagi

setiap gred gaji.

(c) Kira anggaran 95% selang keyakinan bagi jumlah bilangan hari yang

tidak hadir untuk semua kakitangan.

(d) Pada tahun 2012, penyelidik mengulangi siasatan untuk menentukan sama

ada kadar ketidakhadiran telah bertambah baik. Cari nilai nh yang

memberi peruntukan yang optimum, dan jelaskan kenapa peruntukan ini

mungkin memberi manfaat dalam kajian ini.

[ 17 markah ]

6. PERMATA is a company selling electrical equipment and supplies to electricians,

contractors, and other wholesale customers. The items are stored in stacks which

are like large bookcases except that they have bins instead of shelves. The

PERMATA’s warehouse contains 400 stacks of the same shape and size, and there

are about 16,000 bins. Suppose that 4 stacks are selected at random. The relevant

information is shown below:

Selected

Stack

Total

Number of

Bins

Number of

Selected Bins

and Items

Number of

Items with a

Discrepancy

055 30 6 4

109 25 3 0

255 35 5 1

345 40 4 2

(a) State the type of sampling design used.

(b) Estimate the total number of items in the warehouse with a discrepancy.

(c) Place a bound on the error of estimation.

[ 12 marks ]

…7/-

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- 7 -

6. PERMATA ialah sebuah syarikat yang menjual peralatan eletrik dan membekalkan

kepada jurueletrik, kontraktor, dan pembeli lain yang membeli secara borong.

Item-item yang disimpan dalam susunan seperti sebuah rak buku yang besar

kecuali ia mempunyai bekas yang besar dan bukannya rak. Gudang PERMATA

mengandungi 400 susunan yang sama saiz dan bentuk, dan terdapat sebanyak

16,000 bekas besar. Andaikan 4 susunan dipilih secara rawak. Informasi yang

berkaitan ditunjukkan dalam jadual yang berikut:

Susunan

terpilih

Jumlah

Bekas Besar

Bilangan

Bekas Besar

Terpilih dan

Item

Bilangan Item

yang Berbeza

055 30 6 4

109 25 3 0

255 35 5 1

345 40 4 2

(a) Nyatakan jenis reka bentuk pensampelan yang digunakan.

(b) Anggarkan jumlah bilangan item dalam gudang yang berbeza.

(c) Tentukan batas ralat penganggarannya.

[ 12 markah ]

7. From the list of 120 workers in Table 1, use repeated systematic sampling to take a

total sample of 20 workers for purposes of estimating mean number of work days

loss due to acute illness by all workers. Then obtain 90% confidence interval for

the estimates. Suppose that the random numbers chosen are 4, 14, 30, 21, 7

[ 12 marks ]

7. Daripada senarai 120 pekerja dalam Jadual 1, gunakan persampelan sistematik

berulang untuk memilih sejumlah sampel seramai 20 orang pekerja yang

bertujuan untuk menganggarkan min bilangan hari bekerja yang rugi akibat

penyakit yang teruk oleh semua pekerja. Seterusnya dapatkan 90% selang

keyakinan bagi anggaran tersebut. Andaikan nombor rawak yang terpilih adalah

4, 14, 30, 21, 7

[ 12 marks ]

…8/-

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[MSG368]

- 8 -

Table 1 : Days Loss from Work because of Acute Illness in One Year

Among 120 Employee in a Plant

Jadual 1: Bilangan Hari Bekerja yang Rugi Akibat Penyakit yang Teruk dalam

Satu Tahun bagi 120 Pekerja di sebuah Kilang

Employee

ID

ID Pekerja

Days Lost

Hari yang

Rugi

Employee

ID

ID Pekerja

Days Lost

Hari yang

Rugi

Employee

ID

ID Pekerja

Days Lost

Hari yang

Rugi

1 7 41 3 81 5

2 6 42 5 82 5

3 10 43 3 83 3

4 11 44 6 84 5

5 3 45 11 85 4

6 8 46 6 86 0

7 0 47 5 87 11

8 5 48 5 88 3

9 8 49 0 89 4

10 4 50 8 90 11

11 7 51 1 91 0

12 13 52 10 92 6

13 4 53 7 93 1

14 5 54 9 94 9

15 2 55 8 95 6

16 0 56 2 96 0

17 7 57 9 97 3

18 17 58 9 98 6

19 5 59 8 99 0

20 6 60 6 100 12

21 1 61 5 101 11

22 7 62 3 102 6

23 9 63 9 103 1

24 3 64 6 104 3

25 8 65 3 105 2

26 9 66 3 106 5

27 4 67 4 107 3

28 8 68 9 108 12

29 4 69 5 109 1

30 17 70 8 110 7

31 6 71 5 111 9

32 9 72 11 112 6

33 9 73 5 113 6

34 5 74 9 114 3

35 8 75 8 115 4

36 5 76 7 116 2

37 8 77 6 117 5

38 5 78 4 118 10

39 8 79 3 119 10

40 0 80 9 120 15

…9/-

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- 9 -

8. (a) For a simple random sampling without replacement, show that the

probability of an element being selected into a sample is nN

(b) Under proportional allocation, the sample size in stratum h is

1

hh L

h

h

Nn n

N

Show that

2 2

1 1

( )L L

h h h hst

h h

NV N y N S N S

n

[ 10 marks ]

8. (a) Untuk pensampelan rawk mudah tanpa penggantian, tunjukkan bahawa

kebarangkalian satu elemen yang terpilih ke dalam sampel ialah nN

(b) Bagi peruntukan berkadaran, saiz sampel dalam strata h ialah

1

hh L

h

h

Nn n

N

Tunjukkan bahawa

2 2

1 1

( )L L

h h h hst

h h

NV N y N S N S

n

[ 10 markah ]

…10/-

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[MSG368]

- 10 -

Appendix /Lampiran

Sample Sample variance

1

ni

i

y

n

2 2

22 1,

1

n

i

i

y nys N n

sn N n

12

1( )2 ( 1)

n

n i

i

N ny y

Nn n

Ny 2

2 s N nN

n N

a

n

ˆ ˆ1

1

p p N n

n N

1

n

i i

i

N y

N

2 2

21

ni i i i

i i i

N N n s

N N n

1

ˆni i

i

N p

N

2

21

ˆ ˆ1

1

ni ii i i

i i i

p pN N n

N N n

y

x

2

1

2

1

1

n

i i

i

x

y rxN n

nN n

1

2

1

,x

n

i i

i

n

i

i

y b x

y y x x

b

x x

2 22

1 1

1

2

n n

i i

i i

N ny y b x x

Nn n

2 2 2( )y x

N nS b S

Nn

x d

2

1

1

n

i

i

d dN n

Nn n

1

1

n

i

i

n

i

i

y

m

2

1

2 1

n

i i

i

y ymN n

NnM n

…11/-

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- 11 -

Sampel Sample Variance

1

1

n

i

i

n

i

i

a

m

2

2 p

N nS

NnM

with µ 2

2

1

( )

1

ni i

p

i

a pmS

n

My

2

2 1

2 1

n

i i

i

y ymN n

MNnM n

1

n

i

i

Ny

n

2 2

t

N nN S

Nn

with

22

1

( )

1

ni t

t

i

y yS

n

1

n

i i

i

M ynM

22 2

2 21

1 1 ni i i

b i

i i i

M m SN nS M

N nM nNM M m

with

2

2 1

2

12

ˆ

1

1

i

n

i i

ib

m

ij i

j

i

i

M y M

Sn

y y

Sm

11

N n MSB m MSW

N mn N mM

1

1

ˆ

n

i i

ir n

i

i

M y

M

22 2

2 21

1 1 ni i i

r i

i i i

M m SN nS M

N nM nNM M m

with

2

2 1

ˆ

1

in

i i r i

ir

M y M

Sn

…12/-

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- 12 -

Sample Sample variance

1

1

ˆ

ˆ

n

i i

i

n

i

i

M p

p

M

2 2

2 21

ˆ ˆ1 1

1

ni i i i

r i

i i i

M m p qN nS M

N nM nNM M m

with

2

2 1

ˆ ˆ

1

in

i i i

ir

M p pM

Sn

…13/-

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[MSG368]

- 13 -

2

1

2

1

k n

w ij iu

i j u

y ynk n

- ooo O ooo -

Sample Size

2 2 2

2 2; ;

1 4 4

N B Bn D D

N D N

2 2

1

2 2

1

;

Li i

i i iiL

i i

i

N

w nn w

nN D N

1 1

2 2

1

1

L L

k k k i i i

k i

L

i i

i

i i i

i L

i i i

i

N C N C

n

N D N

n N Cn

N C

, 1

1

( ) /L

o i i i

i

L

i i i

i

C C N C

n

N C

Optimal Allocation 2

1

2 2

1 1

;

L

i i

i i iiL L

i i i i

i i

NN

n n n

N D N N

Neyman Allocation

2

1

2 2

1 1

;

L

i i

i iiL L

i i i

i i

N NN

n n n

N D N N

Proportional Allocation

2

1

2

1 1

;

L

i i i ii i i ii

iL L

i i i i i i i

i i

N p q wN p q c

n n n

N D N p q N p q c

2 22 2 2

2 2; ; ;

4 4 4

xBN B Bn D D D

ND N

222

2 2 2

22 2

2

; ; ;

;4 4

ptr

r t p

NNNn n n

ND ND ND

B M BD D

N

Intra class correlation coefficient