MSE607B Chapter 4 Engineering Design Methods and Toolskseminar.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2013/10/ComputerSupportForDesign.pdf · One of the benefits of mock-ups is that they provide excellent

CSUN - Prof. David Shternberg MSE607B- Systems Engineering

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Engineering

Management

Systems EngineeringManagement

MSE607BChapter 4

Engineering Design Methods and Tools

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Learning Objectives

Briefly highlight some of the recent concepts in design• Conventional design practices

• Analytical methods

The role of • Electric Commerce (EC)

• Information Technology (IT)

• The Internet

Current Design Technologies and Tools• Simulation

• Rapid Prototyping

• Mock-ups

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Computer-Aided Support (CAS)

Discuss system engineering• Objectives as they relate to current design methods


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Conventional Design Practices

System development projects include three major

steps:

• Conceptual design

• Preliminary design

• Detail design and development

Level of effort and duration vary

Prime objective:

• Design system to meet consumer need

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System Engineering Within the Acquisition Process


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Basic Design Sequence

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Basic Design Sequence (cont.)

Definition accomplished through documentation

• Plans and specifications

• Procedures, drawings,

• Materials and parts lists

• Reports and analysis,

• Computerized databases, and so on.

Review and approval

• Before moving to the next step

Documentation ensures that others can

• Understand what is being conveyed

• Translate the output into a producible entity


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Documentation

Design Drawings

• Assembly drawings

• Specification control drawings

• Construction drawings

• Installation drawings

Materials and parts lists

• Parts list

• Materials list

• Bulk item list, etc.

Analysis reports

• Trade off study reports

• Finite element reports

• Reliability reports

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Analytical Methods

Probability theory and analysis models

• Uniform

• Binomial

• Poisson

• Exponential

• Normal, etc.

Economic analysis

• Break-even

• Life-cycle cost

Optimization methods

Queuing theory and analysis

• Monte Carlo

Control concepts and techniques

• SPC

• TQM


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Electronic Commerce

• Grown to include all aspects of business

and market processes enabled by the

Internet and WWW technologies

Information Technology

• The infrastructure fostering the integration

of all the mechanisms for transmitting

information and data

Internet

• A network of networks and a connecting vehicle

for all who have access to a computer

The Role of Electronic Commerce (EC), Info. Tech. (IT), and The Internet

Revolutionized and enhanced day-to-day operations

and methods of doing business

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The Role of Electronic Commerce (EC), Info. Tech. (IT), and The Internet (cont.)

Benefits:

• Communication processes

• Data processing

• Data storage and retrieval

In design area:

• Greater productivity in less time

• Networks or customers, contractors, and suppliers

• Quick data distribution, review and feedback

In business process:• Business-to-business e-commerce

• Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

• Purchasing and marketing-related activities


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Internet Growth Trends

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The Internet And Other Electronic Communication

Internet

Intranet

Instant messaging

Video conferencing

Virtual teaming

Document management

E-learning

E-government

E-commerce

Business-to-business

Business-to-customer

Website design


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Current Design Technologies and Tools

With advancement of computer technology, new tools and techniques have been developed and adapted

Mainframe computers

Personal computers

Software packages

Computer models

Provided engineers with wide variety of tools to enhance productivity

• Word processors

• Graphics packages

• Spreadsheets

• Database management packages

• Analysis routines

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Advantages of Current Design Technologies and Tools

Personal computers (PCs) networks

• Excellent data communication network

• Design data exchange

• Reducing system development time

Versatility and variety of software packages/models

• Many new tools – such as simulation, 3-D, and mathematical/statistical models

• More in-depth analysis

• Evaluation of design alternatives


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Advantages of Current Design Technologies and Tools (cont.)

Data handling capabilities:

• Acquisition, processing, storage and retrieval

• Easier and in less time than before, allowing to

capture design information on drawings

• Generation and distribution of parts/materials

• Automatically produce reports and Technical

publications

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Why Simulate?

Common with the availability of quality tools that fit seamlessly with design tools

Important with faster operational speeds and higher density requirements

Makes it possible to make design changes without costly re-spins and difficult lab work-around

Design can be fabricated assuring performance

Saves both cost and schedule

Improves reliability and quality


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The Use of Simulation

Simulation Definition:

• The process of designing and utilizing an operational model of a system to conduct experiments for understanding and evaluation of

• Alternative strategies and/or

• System design configuration

Particularly appropriate in the early stages of the system development

Examples:

• Airplane and its components

• Aircraft cockpit with crew

• Automobile with driver

• Manufacturing facility and equipment

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Simulation Example

Effect of Simultaneous Switching Outputs (SSO)

Simulation used to determine effect of a bi-directional data

bus with 32 simultaneously switching outputs

SSO effect observed on data bit and power supply


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The Use of Rapid Prototyping

Rapid Prototyping Definition:

• The use of 3D computer geometry in the production of

components using a layer-based build process in

condensed time-scales

Increasing international competition shortened

product lifecycles

Demand for faster product development processes

to keep up with the competition

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Prototyping Example – Child Utensils


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The Use of Mock-ups

Mock-up Definition:

• Three-dimensional scale model of the system or its elements

During the preliminary or detail design phase

Provide realistic replica of a proposed equipment/facility configuration

Can be produced to any desired scale and detail

May be constructed from heavy cardboard, wood, metal, or a combination of materials

Can be developed relatively inexpensively and in short time

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The Benefits of Mock-ups

Give opportunity to experiment with different layouts, packaging prior to formal design

Provide opportunity to accomplish more effective review

• Detailed task analysis

• Simulate operator and maintenance task sequence and time data

Provide excellent tool to convey final design approach during design review

Serve as an excellent marketing tool

Can be employed to facilitate training

Allow to develop fabrication and assembly procedures and tooling

May serve as a tool for verification of a modification kit design at later stage of system life cycle


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Example: The Use of Mock-ups for Train Development

In May and June 2003, a spectacular show for rail transport systems took place on the Champs Élysées in Paris.

Siemens Transportation Systems (TS) presented a model of the "Avanto“ train cart

An innovative light rapid transit system that will connect the two Paris suburbs of Aulnay and Bondy from 2005 onwards.

General characteristics : Length : 13.5 m Height : 3.5 m Width : 2.45 m Weight : 8 tons Material : - wire chassis, wood frame, glass and epoxy

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Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

CAD Definition:• The application of computerized technology to the design

process

Graphics capabilities• Vector and raster graphics

• Line and bar charts

• X-y plotting

• Scatter diagrams

• Three-dimensional displays

Analytical capabilities

• Mathematical and statistical programs

Data management capabilities• Storage and retrieval

• Processing

• Drafting & Reporting

Usually combined in integrated packages


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Example: CAD Models

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CAM Definition:• The application of computerized technology to the

manufacturing or production process.

Primarily the use of automated methods as they pertain to:• Process planning

• Numerical control (NC)

• Robotics

• Production management

Will be different for production of multiple quantities versus the construction of a “one-of-a-kind”

Manufacturing tolerances f NC tools and robotics must be consistent with the initial requirements for system design.


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CAS Definition:• The application of computerized technology to the

entire spectrum of logistics and system support activities

For years, the consideration of logistics and maintenance support requirements has been relegated to an activity downstream in the system life cycle.

Examples to the variety of computer technology applications in the logistics field are:• Logistics engineering

• Supportability analysis (SA)

• Logistics management information (LMI)

• Distribution, transportation and warehousing

• Maintenance and support

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Major CAD/CAM/CAS Interfaces


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Summary

Briefly highlight some of the recent concepts in design• Conventional design practices• Analytical methods

The role of • Electric Commerce (EC)• Information Technology (IT)• The Internet

Current Design Technologies and Tools• Simulation• Rapid Prototyping• Mock-ups

Computer Aided Design (CAD)



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Interactive Workshop

The results of design have generally been conveyed

through a combination of the following:

a) Design drawings, requirements and analysis reports

b) Design drawings, materials and parts lists, and

analysis reports

c) Requirements, materials and parts lists

d) Requirements, materials and parts lists, and analysis

reports


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Examples of probability and analysis models are:

a) Uniform, binomial, and Poisson

b) Break-even and life-cycle cost

c) Monte Carlo and Poisson

d) SPC and TQM


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System engineers use simulation because it allows

them to make:

a) Mock-up improvements prior to design

b) Mock-up improvements prior to production

c) Design changes after production

d) Design changes prior to production



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Process planning and robotics are examples of:

a) Computer-aided design (CAD)

b) Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

c) Computer-Aided support (CAS)

d) Computer-aided learning (CAL)


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One of the benefits of mock-ups is that they provide

excellent tool to:

a) Experiment with different packaging during formal

design

b) Convey final design approach during design review

c) Help the engineer complete the design

d) Can be employed to facilitate design analysis



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Questions? Comments?

MSE607B Chapter 4 Engineering Design Methods and Toolskseminar.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2013/10/ComputerSupportForDesign.pdf · One of the benefits of mock-ups is that they provide excellent

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