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MRO- Maintenance, Repair &
OverhaulThe aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul
services will ensure optimal quality and
reliability to achieve the highest quality forcommercial aircraft, engines and systems.
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MRO- Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul
• Aircraft MRO is the overhaul, repair,
inspection or modification of an aircraft or
aircraft component
• Maintenance includes the installation or
removal of a component from an aircraft or
aircraft subassembly, but does not include:
– Elementary work, such as spark plugs, checking
cylinder compression, etc
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– Servicing, such as refueling, washing windows
– Any work done on an aircraft or aircraft
component as part of the manufacturing process,
prior to issue of a certificate of airworthiness orother certification document
MRO- Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul
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Types of Maintenance
• Each airline develops its own program, based
on manufacturer’s planning documents, but
includes adjustments for the airline’s own
operations
• Each aircrafts requires different operators and
programs
• BUT, aircraft of the same number of routine
maintenance hours during the program cycle
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• Maintenance of aircraft usually categorized
into
– Product type (airframe, engine and components)
– Timing and purpose of work
• Then, resulted into 4 categories
– Routine scheduled maintenance
– Non-routine maintenance
– Refurbishments
– Modifications
MRO- Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul
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Routine scheduled maintenance
• Includes airframe and engine checks
• The most elementary is visual inspection of
the aircraft before flight- ‘walk-around’
• To ensure there are no leaks, missing rivets or
cracks
• Types of checks-In Grades – Overnight
– A-Check
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– B-check
– C-check
– D-Check
• Overnight: Operate 1 to 1.5 hrs. inspection
(End of working day) to ensure the plane
operating in according to OEM ‘s (Original
Equipment Manufacturer) minimum list
• In, example installation of telephones and
other devices
7
Routine scheduled maintenance
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• A-Check: Done after 125flight hours (2-3
weeks)
– An amplified preflight visual inspection of plane's
power plants, avionics and accessories
• B-Check: Done approximately after 175 flight
hours (3 to 4 months)
– An open inspection for preventive maintenance(exterior wash, engine oil)
– Oils filters are removed and checked, parts are
lubricated and carefully examined
Routine scheduled maintenance
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• C-check: Carried out approximately for every
3000 flight hours (15 months)
– Incorporates both A and B checks
– Components are repaired,
– Flights controls are calibrated
– Major internal mechanism are tested
– Other tests include minor structural inspections,
compressor, flight control rigging tests, engine,
compressor washes, aircraft appearance
maintenance, and post-check flight tests
Routine scheduled maintenance
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• D-Check: The most intensive, approximately
20, 000 flights hours (6-8 years)
– Cabin interiors (including seats, galleys, lavatories,
cockpit, furnishings, headliners and sidewalls) are
removed to enable careful structural inspections
– Flights controls are examined and the fuel system
is probed for leaks and cracks – The aircraft is stripped to its shell and rebuilt to
return it to its original con
Routine scheduled maintenance
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Non-routine Maintenance
• Done due to unforeseen event such as
accident.
• An example of the first engine damage due to
bird ingestion or an airframe dented by a
catering truck
• Done also for an aging aircraft
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Refurbishments
• Any form of upgrading of cleaning, brighting,
or making it fresh again.
• To renovate and upgrade the aircraft
• For example: Cabin upgrades and exterior
painting
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Modifications
• Any form of small alteration, adjustment, or
limitation to fulfill the aircraft’s owner.
• Most modifications are carried out within the
interior design, not much on the airframe and
engine.
• For example: Installation of karaoke, PS3 and
various kind of entertainment in the cabin
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Overhaul of airframes
• A plan where a series of seven minor
overhauls and one major check were
conducted on aircraft
• The major overhaul was designed to rework
the airplane to a like-new condition-to fit the
bits and pieces back together to the exactness
of current manufacturing tolerances
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Overhaul of engines and other components
• Components are brought in when either
operating time/ condition requires it
• The overhaul returns them to specifications
laid down by engineering and manufacturer
• BUT when practical, engine changes are made
during maintenance checks or airframe
overhauls
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Contract Maintenance
When?
• When the airline do not have the personnel and
equipment to perform maintenance
• When serving a distant airport at which they do nothave maintenance support
Why?
• Different types of aircraft requires differentexpertise from different areas
• Low labor cost
• Important note:
Some contracts extend to other functions such as