Mr. Ramos. Objectives: ◦ Identify types of health care facilities. ◦ Explain how to select health care providers and insurance. ◦ Discuss issues that.

Consumer and Community Health

Mr. Ramos

Objectives:◦ Identify types of health care facilities.

◦ Explain how to select health care providers and insurance.

◦ Discuss issues that will affect health care in the future.

Lesson 2:Community Health Care

A health care facility is a place where people receive medical attention.◦ Private officers provide nonemergency care and are owned by

one or more health professionals. Services include regular physical exams & immunization.

◦ Health centers or clinics have several health care providers. Some of these centers only treat certain population, such as women or children.

◦ Urgent care centers may be open 12-24 hours, 7 days a week, and provide care for minor injuries and short term-illnesses. Urgent is convenient if your doctor’s office is closed.

◦ Hospitals provide a broad range of health care services and are open 24/7.

Health Care Services

An inpatient is someone who stays overnight at the hospital while receiving health care.

An outpatient is someone who goes to the hospital for treatment but does not stay overnight.

Health Care Services

Your health insurance company will ask you to select a primary care physician (PCP).

A primary care physician is a medical doctor who can treat general problems and who can refer a patient to a specialist.

Locate the nearest hospital and emergency room near you.

For children, their PCP is a pediatrician.

For adults, the PCP tends to specialize in Internal Medicine or Family Medicine.

Health Care Services

When choosing a physician, a person should get referrals from family members, friends, medical societies, or hospitals.

Insurance is financial protection against loss as a result of an accident, fire, theft, or death.

A health insurance policy is a plan that helps pay the cost of health care.

The policy holder is the insured person. This person owns the health insurance policy. This person may add family members to his or her plan.

Selecting Health Care Providers and Insurance

A premium is the fee that an insurance policyholder pays to the insurance company. This is usually paid monthly.

A deductible is the fee that an insurance policyholder must pay before the insurance company makes payments. ◦ For example, an insurance policy might have a deductible of $500 a

year. That means that the insurance company will pay health care costs after the policyholder has paid the first $500.

The Cost of Health Insurance

Health insurance coverage varies according to the policy the person chooses.

Services covered include regular visits to a health care provider; emergency room treatment; treatment in a hospital; tests to diagnose an illness; RX drug; and medical equipment.

Services Covered By the Insurance

Managed care includes health plans designed to control costs by controlling how services are used.

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a health insurance plan that permits members to receive medical services from a health care provider who participates in the plan or to visit the health care provider of their choice.

A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a health insurance plan that contracts with a group of health professionals to provide medical services.

A copayment is a flat fee that the health insurance policyholder must pay every time he or she receives a medical service covered under the policy.

Types of Health Insurance Plans

Types of Health Insurance Plans

Medicaid is a government-funded program that provides medical assistance to people with low income. ◦ Anyone who is “poor enough” can qualify for

Medicaid no matter how young or old he or she is.

Medicare is a government-funded health insurance plan for people 65 years or older and for some who are disabled and younger than 65.

Medicaid and Medicare

When someone is trying to decide between health insurance plans, he or she should talk to other people about what they like or do not like about their insurance plans.

Read the rules of the policy and ask questions.◦ Does it cover preventive visits?◦ Are visits to specialists included?

Choosing and Using a Health Insurance Policy

Advances in technology have increased the cost of health care.

Another reason for high health costs is that people are living longer than before.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are not covered by health insurance.

Changes in Health Care

A physician is a medical doctor.

In the United States, there are two types of physicians that practice medicine.◦ Most physicians hold a Doctor of Medicine degree (M.D.)◦ The rest of the physicians hold the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree

(D.O)

Osteopathic medical schools focus more on primary care medicine. The focus is on preventive medicine.

Allopathic medical schools (M.D. schools) focus more on treating the symptoms.

Both schools require the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) for acceptance to the medical program.

Physicians in the United States

Objectives◦ Explain why you need to follow a time

management plan.

◦ Show how money management affects your quality of life.

◦ Describe how to make choices that help you manage money responsibly.

Lesson 4:Spending Time and Money Wisely

Teens usually have many activities to do each day◦ School◦ Chores◦ Extracurricular activities◦ Part time-Job

If you accomplish what is most import first, then your stress decreases and your enjoyment increases.

Managing Your Time

The most important element of time management is planning. You might plan a day or even a week of you time.◦ 1. Identify your priorities, those activities that matter the most to

you. List what you need to do and then list what you want to do.

◦ 2. Review your list. Eliminate time-wasting activities, such as watching hours of T.V. Replace them with opportunities for relaxation and fun.

◦ 3. Order the items on your list in terms of your priorities.

◦ 4. Assign each activity a realistic period of time.

◦ 5. Review your plan occasionally. By sticking to it, you will reap many benefits.

Managing Your Time

Every aspect of your health improves when you follow a time management plan. ◦ You feel good about what you achieve, which increases your

self-confidence

◦ You feel relaxed, which enables you to enjoy the company of others

◦ You are able to sleep at night without worrying about what the next day will bring

◦ You will have a greater control of your life

Managing Your Time

Having your own money to spend give you a feeling of independence and responsibility.

Learning how to manage your money can benefit every part of your health.

Managing Your Money

As with time management, planning is a key to spending wisely.

A budget is a written plan for saving and spending money. ◦ Make a list of the sources of your income. You must first know how

much income you can depend on. Income is money received, such as money you earn from working or money that you receive as a gift.

◦ List the amount of money you spend and the items or services that you purchase. An expense is the cost involved in purchasing something or performing an activity.

◦ Compare your expenses to your income. If your expenses are more than your income, you must find a way to cut back on your spending.

Benefits of Spending Wisely

Once you have determined your income and expenses, you can develop a plan for what you will spend and where.

Budgeting puts you in control.

Without the drain of money worries, you have more energy. Your stress decreases.

Benefits of Spending Wisely

Impulse buying is making an unplanned purchase.

Shopping with friends can influence people to buy without thinking.

Store displays, announcements, or other advertisements are factors that influence impulse buying.

Why spend money unnecessarily?

Developing Good Spending Habits

Avoid impulse buying

Stick to your budget

Shop with a list

Check unit prices. The unit price is the cost of an item based on a standard unit of measurement, such as an ounce or a gram. Dividing the cost of an item by the number of units it contains will give you the cost per unit.

Buy in bulk or stock up on sale items only if you really use them.

Tips To Help You Save $$$