Top Banner
Mr. DiDomenico
42

Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Jan 02, 2016

Download

Documents

Aron Richardson
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Mr. DiDomenico

Page 2: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Cold War was a period of East-

West competition, tension, and

conflict short of full-scale war.

Page 3: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Marshall Plan was created to supply unstable European countries with direct aid, loan guarantees, grants, and other needed items like medicine.

Germany received 1,390.6 million dollars, eleven percent of all aid given by the Marshall Plan in Europe.

East Germany, Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania all refused to accept help from the Marshall Plan.

Page 4: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

NATO is an organization of fifteen countries that would not attack each other and defend the others if they were under attack.

The purpose of NATO was to provide collective security for its members. This means that if one was threatened, they all were threatened and enemies would be less likely to attack one of the NATO members.

By 1955, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway Portugal, the US, England, Greece Turkey, and Germany were members.

Page 5: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.
Page 6: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The “Iron Curtain”The “Iron Curtain”

From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe.Europe. -- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946-- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946

1. According to the quote, what lies behind the “iron curtain”?

2. Based on the map, list three countries (beside the USSR) that lie behind the “iron curtain”?

Page 7: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Warsaw Pact was a military alliance led by the USSR and an enemy of NATO.

The Warsaw Pact consisted of the USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary Poland, and Romania.

The Warsaw Pact ended in 1991 because of the Berlin Wall being taken down and Germany’s unification.

Page 8: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.
Page 9: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Stalin stopped the delivery of needed supplies to West Berlin blocking all road, river, and rail traffic.

The West airlifted supplies to West Berlin

Page 10: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

In 1949, the Soviets developed the atomic bomb.

Page 11: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

In the 1950’s the US developed the first hydrogen bomb, and the Soviets released the satellite Sputnik.

Page 12: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected to succeed Harry S. Truman as president

Page 13: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Nikita Khrushchev succeeded Josef Stalin as Soviet Premier

Page 14: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

In 1957, the launch of the satellite Sputnik into space drastically changes the arms race

Page 15: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

In 1962, an American pilot, Gary Powers, was searching over Soviet territory in a U-2 plane, which was shot down by Soviets.

Page 16: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

A communist supported government emerged in the North

Non-communists emerged in the South

Page 17: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Soviet Union and China supported the North Korean government.

Page 18: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The United Nations and the United States supported the south and helped them against the North.

Page 19: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

North Korea attacked South Korea.

North Korean forces rapidly advanced southward against the ill-equipped defenders, taking the Southern capital Seoul three days after the invasion began.

Page 20: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

They cut off the North Korean army at the Port of Inchon. They also forced their way into the Pusan perimeter. Seoul, Korea’s capital, was taken by the U.N. forces on September 26th, 1950.

Page 21: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Chinese sent troops to attack the UN forces and push them back in a southward disorderly retreat.

Page 22: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The War ended with an armistice signed in 1953. Maintaining the division of Korea along the 38th Parallel.

Page 23: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The DMZ, or demilitarized zone, was an area within 2 kilometers of the armistice line where no military could go.

Page 24: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

U.N. casualties were estimated at more than 550,000 -- while North Korean and Chinese casualties were believed to be around 1.5 million.

Page 25: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), also known as the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty or the Manila Pact, was an international organization for defensive collaboration established on September 8, 1954.

Page 26: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Berlin was occupied by France, Britain, the U.S.S.R., and the U.S.

Page 27: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

West Berlin gave East Germans a glimpse of Western society including democracy and capitalism

Page 28: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

East Germany formally closed the border with West Berlin on the morning of August 13th, 1961.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szjFKADu69U

Page 29: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

On June 26th, 1963 US President John F. Kennedy said “I am a citizen of Berlin.”

It was a clear statement of U.S. policy in the wake of the Berlin Wall.

Page 30: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

An international peace conference in Geneva temporarily divided Vietnam into a communist-led North and non-communist South after French withdrawal.

Page 31: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

A communist named Ho Chi Minh governed North Vietnam

Page 32: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

In the South, the regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem, an autocratic anti-communist determined to resist the North.

He was murdered by his own soldiers on November 1st, 1963.

Page 33: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The U.S.S. Maddox exchanged fire with North Vietnamese torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin.

Page 34: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allowed Lyndon Baines Johnson to wage war in Vietnam without a Congressional declaration of war.

Page 35: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a primitive but highly effective supply line that linked North Vietnam with it’s fighters and supporters in the south.

Page 36: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Tet Offensive consisted of North Vietnamese attacks that took place during the Tet holiday 1968.

Page 37: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Paris Peace Accords on January 27, 1973 formally recognized the sovereignty of both sides. Under the terms of the accords all American combat troops were withdrawn by March 29, 1973. Limited fighting continued, but all major fighting ended until the North once again invaded in strength and overpowered the South on April 30, 1975.

Page 38: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Revolutionary forces led by Fidel Castro overthrew the Batista government.

Page 39: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Bay of Pigs invasion was a plan to overthrow Castro that was presented to John F. Kennedy soon after his inauguration in 1961.

Page 40: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The US failed to provide air support to invaders.

Castro’s remaining air force quickly destroyed ships carrying vital ammunition supplies for the invaders.

Page 41: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

Nikita Khrushchev offered to deploy Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. Missiles were found 100 miles from the U.S.

Page 42: Mr. DiDomenico. The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war.

The Soviet leader offered to withdraw his missiles from Cuba -- if the United States promised never to invade the island.