Motorcycle emission control in vietnam [compatibility mode]

WORKSHOP ON “TRAFFIC AND ENVIRONMENT”August 9-10th, 2010 – Hanoi, Vietnam

MOTORCYCLES EMISSION CONTROL IN VIET NAMCURRENT STATUS CHALLENGES AND MEASURESCURRENT STATUS, CHALLENGES AND MEASURES

Presented by Le Anh Tu, Vi t R i t Mi i t

10 August, 2010

Vietnam Register, Ministry of Transport

Hanoi - Vietnam

CONTENTSCONTENTS

1 M t l Fl t d E i i1. Motorcycle Fleet and Emission

2 Challenges in motorcycle2. Challenges in motorcycle emission control

3. Motorcycle Emission Control Measures

1 Motorcycle Fleet and1. Motorcycle Fleet and Emissions

URBAN TRAFFICIN MAJOR CITIES OF VIETNAMIN MAJOR CITIES OF VIETNAM

MOTORCYCLE POPULATION IN ASIAN EMERGING COUNTRIES (in 1000)

Chi (2002)China (2002)

India (2003)

Indonesia (2003) 18796.24

51028.4147525

Thailand (2003)

Vietnam (2005)

Japan (2003) 13986 2816086.64

18210.45

Japan (2003)

Taipei, China (2001)

Malaysia (2003) 6202.82411733.2

13986.28

Pakistan (1998)

South Korea

Philippine (2003)

1730.1932150.507

1552.579Philippine (2003) 1552.579

MOTORCYCLE FLEET IN VIETNAMO O C C

30000

20000

25000

000

)

10000

15000

Nu

mb

er (

1.0

0

5000

N

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Motorcycle Evolution

MOTORCYCLE IN HANOI AND HCMCO O C C O C C

Hà nội

00)

Tăng trưởng mô tô, xe máy

40004500

c)

Hà nội

Tp.HCMMotorcycle Evolution00

0)N

um

ber

(1.

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250030003500

40000

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ch

iếc

mb

er (

1.0

Mo

torc

ycle

N

100015002000

2500

lượ

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(1

.rc

ycle

Nu

M

0500

993

994

995

996

997

998

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000

001

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005

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199

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199

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200

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200

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200

200

200

VEHICLE FLEET COMPOSITIONVEHICLE FLEET COMPOSITION

• Vietnam is the most typical country of motorcycles.yp y y

• Motorcycles are the most popular type of transport means and indispensable in Vietnam

• Motorcycles account for 95 % of all type of vehicles and meet 90% transport demand in the big cities.

• Almost motorcycles are two wheelers• Almost motorcycles are two wheelers.

• Highest possession rate with 02 people/01 motorcycle

• Motorcycle population is booming in the recent yearsMotorcycle population is booming in the recent years and still increasing in the coming years.

FLEET DISTRIBUTION BY MOTORCYCLE AGE IN 2008MOTORCYCLE AGE IN 2008

3000000

2000000

2500000

3000000

1500000

2000000

Số

lượ

ng

Num

ber

500000

1000000S N

0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

ổ ốTuổi sử dụng - Số km chạy (1,000)Age – km traveled

MOTORCYCLE FLEET CHARACTERISTIC

• Small displacement: from 70 cm3 to 150 cm3• Small displacement: from 70 cm3 to 150 cm3, popularly from 80 cm3 to 125 cm3

• Almost are 4 stroke engine motorcycles• Almost are 4 stroke engine motorcycles

• Almost have simple design engines without emissions control system. So, high emission and low fuel efficiency.control system. So, high emission and low fuel efficiency.

• Euro 2 has been adopted as from 2007, since then new model have been applied modern technologies of pp gemission control, such as catalytic converter, ProGraM Fuel Injection (PGM-FI)...

MOTORCYCLE EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

Carburetor Improved

Công nghệ kiểm soát khí thải mô tô, xe máy Emission Control Technology

Carburetor Improved

Fuel Injection

SecondarySecondaryAir InjectionCatalytic Converter

Engine Improved

VEHICLE EMISSIONS PROPORTIONC SS O S O O O

100%Heavy Duty Diesel Auto

60%

80% Heavy Duty Gasoline Auto

Light Duty Diesel Truck

40%

60%

Light duty diesel Auto

Light duty Gasoline Truck

20%

g y

Light Duty Gasoline Auto

Motorcycles0%

Motorcycles

Vehicle Fuel CO HC NOx PM

Motorcycle is the main source of vehicle emissionsMotorcycle is the main source of vehicle emissions

Idle Emission Test for about 1.000 In-used motorcycles

IN-USED MOTORCYCLE MASS EMISSIONS TESTEMISSIONS TEST

Mass Emission Test for In-used MotorcycleBefore and after maintenance & repair

IN-USED MOTORCYCLE TEST RESULTIN USED MOTORCYCLE TEST RESULT

• Almost motorcycles are not periodical maintained and y pcorrected repaired.

• The survey results show that 50-60% motorcycles d i i l l (4 5% CO d 1200 HC)exceeds emission level (4.5% CO and 1200 ppm HC),

• HC, CO mass emission (g/km) and fuel consumption (l/100 km) reduced about 50% and 10-30 % respectively(l/100 km) reduced about 50% and 10 30 % respectively after maintenance and repair.

• Until now, without control measures on in-used t lmotorcycles

• Almost people do not clearly understand the impact of motorcycle emission, not know their own motorcyclemotorcycle emission, not know their own motorcycle emission level and how to reduce the emission.

2. CHALLENGES TO CONTROL MOTORCYCLE EMISSIONMOTORCYCLE EMISSION

• Very crowded motorcyclesy y• Motorcycles are in close relation daily with one-third

Vietnamese population, with everybody of different classes form rich to poor people, every household fromclasses form rich to poor people, every household from parents to children…

• Except bus serving only 10 % of traffic demand, no other choices for transport mode in replace of motorcycleschoices for transport mode in replace of motorcycles

• Very bad public awareness in transport and environment• Difficult to get the social consensus and supportg• Considerable a number of poor people drive old

motorcycles.• Difficulty in dealing with fraud and maladjustment• Difficulty in dealing with fraud and maladjustment

3 Emissions Control Measures3. Emissions Control Measures

Emission Control for New Motorcyclesss o Co t o o e oto cyc es

• Adopted the Euro 2 standard from 2007Adopted the Euro 2 standard from 2007

• Proposal:

Adopt Euro 3 standard from 2012Adopt Euro 3 standard from 2012

Control evaporative emission

Control fuel consumptionControl fuel consumption

EMISSION CONTROL FOR IN-USED MOTORCYCLEMOTORCYCLE

• The emission control project for in-used motorcycle has j t b d b P i Mi i t f lljust been approved by Prime Minister as follows:

• Periodical mandatory inspection program for the motorcycle older than 3 years follows the road map:

• 2011-2013: Implemented in Hanoi and HCMC:From first July 2011, perform emission control for in-used motorcycles older than 10 yearsFrom first July 2012, perform emission control for in-used motorcycles older than 07 yearsFrom first July 2013, perform emission control for the y , pother in-used motorcycles

• From first July 2014, perform emission control for in-used motorcycles in 06 other big cities.y g

• From first July 2015, perform emission control for in-used motorcycles in the other 14 big cities.

EMISSION CONTROL FOR IN-USED MOTORCYCLEMOTORCYCLE

• MC emission inspection centers mainly located in p ycombination with authorized dealers/maintenance workshops of manufacturers and automotive inspection centerscenters

• The MC pass the idle emission test would be granted Certificates and pasted Stamp with 01 year period.

• The MC fail the test would be maintained and repaired to meet the emission standards.

Hi hl fi ld b i MC ith t th• Highly fine would be impose on MC owners without the certificate and stamp.

EMISSION CONTROL FOR IN-USED MOTORCYCLEMOTORCYCLE

MC emission test campaign in Taiwan

Motorcycle Inspection Location

EMISSION CONTROL FOR IN-USED MOTORCYCLEMOTORCYCLE

EMISSION CONTROL FOR IN-USED MOTORCYCLEMOTORCYCLE

Level Two stroke engine Four stroke engineLevel Two stroke engine Four stroke engine

CO (%) HC (ppm) CO (%) HC (ppm)

1 4 5 10 000 4 5 2 0001 4.5 10,000 4.5 2,000

2 3.5 7,800 3.5 1,200

3 2.5 7,800 2.5 8003 2.5 7,800 2.5 800

• The motorcycles with first registration date before 1 July 2008 will have been adopted level 12008 will have been adopted level 1.

• The motorcycles with first registration date as from 1 July 2008 (the vehicle type in compliance with Euro 2) will have2008 (the vehicle type in compliance with Euro 2) will have been adopted level 2.

EMISSIOPN REDUCTION EFFECTIVNESSSS O UC O C SS

Lộ trình cắt giảm CO tại 05 Tp. lớnSố lượng XeKhông kiểm soátCO Emission Reduction in HN&HCMCMC NumberUncontrolledLộ trình cắt giảm CO tại 05 Tp. lớn

10.000

12.000

ếc)

gCó kiểm soát

CO Emission Reduction in HN&HCMC00

0)U co t o edControlled

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1000

6.000

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Không kiểm soát Eu2 I&M+EU2 I&M + Euro 3 I&M + Euro 4Uncontrolled

EMISSIOPN REDUCTION EFFECTIVNESS

Lộ trình cắt giảm HC tại 5 Tp lớnSố lượng xe

Không kiểm soátHC Emission Reduction in HN & HCMCMC NumberUncontrolled

10.000

12.000

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(1.0

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360

300 n)

6.000

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2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Mô

tôM

0

20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Không kiểm soát Eu2 I&M+EU2 I&M + Euro 3 I&M + Euro 4Uncontrolled

Thank you for your attention!