1 Expectancy theory – Developed by Victor Vroom. – Key expectancy theory variables: • Expectancy — belief that working hard will result in desired level of performance. • Instrumentality — belief that successful performance will be followed by rewards. • Valence — value a person assigns to rewards and other work related outcomes. Management (cont.)
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Expectancy theory– Developed by Victor Vroom.– Key expectancy theory variables:
• Expectancy — belief that working hard will result in desired level of performance.
• Instrumentality — belief that successful performance will be followed by rewards.
• Valence — value a person assigns to rewards and other work related outcomes.
Management
(cont.)
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Figure 14.5 Elements in the expectancy theory of motivation.
Management
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Study Question 3: What are the process theories of motivation?