Motivation • Motivation -- Purpose for or cause of an action: – Energizes behaviors, & – Directs that energy toward a goal • Human behavior directed by physiological needs and psychological needs/wants – Hunger/thirst – Need for connection/contact/sex? – Need for stimulation/exploration? – Need to improve self? Or to live up to one’s potential? – Hedonic Principle: we are motivated to maximize pleasure and minimize pain
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Motivation Motivation -- Purpose for or cause of an action: –Energizes behaviors, & –Directs that energy toward a goal Human behavior directed by physiological.
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Motivation
• Motivation -- Purpose for or cause of an action:– Energizes behaviors, &– Directs that energy toward a goal
• Human behavior directed by physiological needs and psychological needs/wants– Hunger/thirst– Need for connection/contact/sex?– Need for stimulation/exploration?– Need to improve self? Or to live up to one’s potential?– Hedonic Principle: we are motivated to maximize pleasure
and minimize pain
Abraham Maslow’s theory
• Amidst the festivities of a grand party, a young guy notices a strikingly beautiful girl and is immediately smitten….
• He approaches her and begins to flirt boldly…. She tries to rebuff him but is flattered by his attention and finds him quite attractive…
Love in bloom
• By the time he departs the scene, with a kiss
followed by a second kiss, these two have
exchanged fewer than a hundred words; yet, both are
swooning with sensations of falling, desperately,
in love.
• All mental processes – thinking, planning, goals,
feelings, and motivations – have been suddenly
transformed….these brains have been completely
gripped by this brief encounter.
Romantic feelings kindle rapidly….
• In the hours after this meeting, these two can not stop thinking about each other
• The intensity of desire is so strong that each would happily forego food, sleep, comfort, and all competing pleasures, simply to be in each other’s presence again
Shakespeare (1595) was dramatizing one of the normal tensions of adolescence and development of sexual motivations.
Longing, obsession, and desire…
•GET READY, HERE COMES A GRAPHIC PICTURE OF YOUR SEX ORGAN!!!!!
•External: Environmental and sociocultural factors
Hormones and Sexual Motivation
•Dihydroepiandosterone (dhea) seems to be involved in initial onset of sexual desire•Both males and females produce testosterone and estrogen• Testosterone: involved in sex drive for both men and women •Estrogen: in female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting sexual receptivity (but not a major factor in human females)
• Subcortical– Septal region -- Pleasurable response and orgasm– Hypothalamus -- Neuroendocrine and autonomic aspects of
sexual drive, sexual orientation
• Cortical – Frontal lobes -- Motor components of sexual behavior,
control of sexual response (disinhibition)– Parietal lobes -- Genital sensation– Temporal lobes: sexual drive (hypo/hypersexuality,
impotence)
– Baird et al., 2007 J of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry