Motivation

Motivation

Made by: Vijay Dewani [i.c.m.t kota]

Motivation

Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal directed behaviors.

It can be considered a driving force; a psychological drive that compels or reinforces an action toward a desired goal. For example, hunger is a motivation that elicits a desire to eat.

Motivation

Motivation can be divided into 2 types:

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION

Intrinsic motivation

Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external pressure.

Intrinsic motivation is based on taking pleasure in an activity rather than working towards an external reward.

Extrinsic motivation

Extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome, which then contradicts intrinsic motivation.

Extrinsic motivation comes from outside of the individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards like money and grades, and threat of punishment. Competition is in general extrinsic because it encourages the performer to win and beat others, not simply to enjoy the intrinsic rewards of the activity.

Theory of motivation

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs : Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation".

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in the shape of a pyramid with the largest, most fundamental levels of needs at the bottom and the need for self-actualization at the top.

Maslow's theory suggests that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire (or focus motivation upon) the secondary or higher level needs.

Physiological needs

Physiological needs are the physical requirements for human survival. If these requirements are not met, the human body cannot function properly, and will ultimately fail.

Clothing and shelter provide necessary protection , form the part of physiological needs.

Safety needs

With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior.

Safety and Security needs include: Personal security Financial security Health and well-being Safety net against accidents/illness

and their adverse impacts.

Love and belonging

After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, the third level of human needs is interpersonal and involves feelings of belongingness.

According to Maslow, humans need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance among their social groups, regardless if these groups are large or small. For example, some large social groups may include clubs, co-workers, religious groups, professional organizations etc.

Esteem

All humans have a need to feel respected; this includes the need to have self-esteem and self-respect.

Esteem presents the typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others.

Self-actualization

"What a man can be, he must be." This quotation forms the basis of the perceived need for self-actualization. This level of need refers to what a person's full potential is and the realization of that potential.

Maslow describes this level as the desire to accomplish everything that one can, to become the most that one can be.