Dec 23, 2015
MOTHERBOARD
holds the holds the processor, memory and expansion slots and connects directly and connects directly or indirectly to every part of the PC. or indirectly to every part of the PC.
include a small block of include a small block of ROM..
The ROM contains the PC’s BIOS.The ROM contains the PC’s BIOS.
MOTHERBOARD
BUSA bus is a channel over which informationflows.
The wider the bus, the more information can flow over the channel, much as a wider highway can carry more cars than a narrow one.
The original ISA bus on the IBM PC was 8 bits wide.
The universal ISA bus used now is 16 bits.
BUS
The memory and processor buses on Pentium and higher PCs are 64 bits wide.
The other I/O buses (including PCI)are 32 bits wide.
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
is a computer bus standard is a computer bus standard for for attaching peripheral devices to a computer to a computer motherboard.motherboard.
MOTHERBOARD
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)
is a bus standard for IBM is a bus standard for IBM compatibles that extends the XT compatibles that extends the XT bus architecture to 16 bits. It is bus architecture to 16 bits. It is designed to designed to connect peripheral cards to the motherboard. to the motherboard.
MOTHERBOARD
The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
is a high-speed computer bus is a high-speed computer bus standard for attaching peripheral standard for attaching peripheral devices to a computer devices to a computer motherboard, dedicated primarily motherboard, dedicated primarily to assist in the to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. .
MOTHERBOARD
CPU
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The CPU completes a set of four
basic operations:Fetches an instruction Decodes the instruction Executes the instruction Stores the results
Control Center of the Computer
The Brains of the Computer –
interprets and issues instructions
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU)
is a component of the CPU which performs arithmetic, comparisons, and logical operations.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
What does this mean?
32-bit Pentium processor with 128 megabytes of RAM and 40 gigabytes of hard disk space.
•0 0 (OFF OFF) = Decimal 0 •0 1 (OFF ON) = Decimal 1 •1 0 (ON OFF) = Decimal 2 •1 1 (ON ON) = Decimal 3
Electronic circuits can exist in only one of two states: ON or OFF.
BINARY WORLD
Binary-coded decimal
Binary coded decimal (BCD) is a numeral system used in computer memory. In BCD, numbers are represented as decimal digits, and each digit is represented by four bits:
Digit Bits Digit Bits 0 0000 5 0101 1 0001 6 0110 2 0010 7 0111 3 0011 8 1000 4 0100 9 1001
4-bit (Nibble)
8-bit (Byte)
16-bit Sample
24 = 16
28 = 256
216 = 65536
Term Abbrev Approx. Memory
Size
Exact Memory Amount
Approx.
# of Pages of Text
Kilo
byte
KB
or K
1 thousand bytes
1024
bytes
50
Megabyte
MG 1 million bytes
1048576
Bytes (million)
50,000
Giga
byte
GB 1 billion bytes
1073741824 bytes
(billion)
50,000,000
Tera
byte
TB 1 trillion bytes
1099511627776 bytes
(trillion)
50,000,000,000
AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION
INTERCHANGE
ASCII is a seven-bit code
it uses the integers representable with seven binary digits
(a range of 0 to 127 decimal) to represent information.
i.e. 0000000 to 1111111
Decimal
Binary Representation 0 0
1 12 103 114 1005 1016 1107 1118 10009 1001
10 101011 101112 110013 110114 111015 1111
14/2
7/2
3/2
1*23 =
+ 1*22 =
+ 1*21 =
+ 0*20 =
7
3
0
1
11
8
4
2
014
http://www.dnaco.net/~ivanjs/bin1-7.html
BINARY on your fingertips
Thanks to
Click here to decode
01001000011010010010000001001001001000000110000101101101001000000100000101010011010000110100100101001001