Morphology: Overview€¦ · •Develop a basic understanding of morphology as it relates to reading •Discuss how knowledge of morphology can help students read and comprehend text

©2015TexasEducationAgency/TheUniversityofTexasSystem

Morphology:Overview


Objectives

• Developabasicunderstandingofmorphologyasitrelatestoreading

• Discusshowknowledgeofmorphologycanhelpstudentsreadandcomprehendtext

• Applyknowledgeofmorphologytoinstruction

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prehistoricchylomicrons

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Dostudents…guess or giveup?

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Morphology

• Morphologyisthestudyofmeaningfulunitsoflanguage(basewords,roots,prefixes,suffixes,derivatives).

• Anunderstandingofmorphologycanhelpstudentsreadwords.

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StateStandardsEnglishLanguageArtsandReadingTexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkills(ELARTEKS)Reading:

• Kindergarten(3)(C):Recognizethatnewwordsarecreatedwhenlettersarechanged,added,ordeleted

• Grade1(3)(E):Readbasewordswithinflectionalendings(e.g.,plurals,pasttenses)

• Grade1(3)(F):Useknowledgeofthemeaningofbasewordstoidentifyandreadcommoncompoundwords(e.g.,football,popcorn,daydream)

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StateStandards(cont.)ELARTEKSReading:

• Grade2(2)(D):Readwordswithcommonprefixes(e.g.,un-,dis-)andsuffixes(e.g.,-ly,-less,-ful)

• Grade3(1)(A):Decodemultisyllabicwordsincontextandindependentofcontextbyapplyingcommonspellingpatterns…

• Grades4–8(2)(A):Determinethemeaningofgrade-levelacademicEnglishwordsderivedfromLatin,Greek,orotherlinguisticrootsandaffixes

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StateStandards(cont.)ELARTEKSReading:

• EnglishI,II,III(1)(A):Determinethemeaningofgrade-leveltechnicalacademicEnglishwordsinmultiplecontentareas(e.g.,science,mathematics,socialstudies,thearts)derivedfromLatin,Greek,orotherlinguisticrootsandaffixes

• EnglishIV(1)(A):DeterminethemeaningoftechnicalacademicEnglishwordsinmultiplecontentareas(e.g.,science,mathematics,socialstudies,thearts)derivedfromLatin,Greek,orotherlinguisticrootsandaffixes

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StateStandards(cont.)ELARTEKSOralandWrittenConventions(spelling):

• Grades1(22)(D)and2(23)(D):Spellbasewordswithinflectionalendings

• Grade3(24)(E):Spellsinglesyllablehomophones(e.g.,bear/bare;week/weak;road/rode)

• Grade4(22)(B):Spellbasewordswithrootsandaffixes(e.g.,-ion,-ment,-ly,dis-,pre-)

• Grade4(22)(C):Spellcommonlyusedhomophones(e.g.,there,they’re,their;two,too,to)

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StateStandards(cont.)ELARTEKSOralandWrittenConventions(spelling):

• Grade5(22)(B):Spellwordswith:– Greekroots(e.g.,tele,photo,graph,meter);– Latinroots(e.g.,spec,scrib,rupt,port,ject,dict);– Greeksuffixes(e.g.,-ology,-phobia,-ism,-ist);and– Latinderivedsuffixes(e.g.,-able,-ible,-ance,-ence)

• Grade5(22)(C):Differentiatebetweencommonlyconfusedterms(e.g.,its,it’s;affect,effect)

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Decoding-SpellingContinuum

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(Henry,2010)

Phonologicalawareness

Alphabet

Sounds

AngloSaxonconsonantsandvowels

Compoundwords

Prefixesandsuffixes

Syllableandsyllabledivisionpatterns

Latinroots

Reviewofall

previousmaterial

Greekcombiningforms

K 1 2 3 4 5… …8


Morpheme

• Amorpheme isameaningfulunitoflanguage,suchasabaseword,root,prefix,orsuffix.

• Examples:– Thewordprehistoric hasfoursyllablesandthreemorphemes(pre-, history,-ic).

– Thewordchylomicrons hasfoursyllablesandthreemorphemes(chylo-,micron,-s).

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IdentifyingMorphemes

Askthefollowingquestions:1. Canmeaningfullinguisticunitsbe

identifiedanddefined?2. Canotherwordsberecalledinwhichthat

morphemeseemstobeused?3. Whatisthesenseofthewholewordinthe

contextinwhichitisused?(Moats,2010)

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HowManySyllablesandMorphemes?

• salamander• helpfulness• predetermined• baker• pointless• address• humming

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TypesofMorphemes

• Basewords• Roots• Prefixes• Suffixes

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GreekSpecialized

wordsusedmostlyinscienceandmath.Examples: hypnosis,agnostic,catatonic,

agoraphobic,chlorophyll

LatinMultisyllabicwordswithprefixes,roots,andsuffixesContentwordsfoundinsocialstudies

andliteratureExamples: firmament,contemplate,maternity,

audience,corruption,preventive,retract,disruptive

Anglo-SaxonOne-syllablewords,voweldigraphs,silentletters,everyday

things,irregularspellingsExamples:sky,earth,horse,arm,heart,pants,coat,mother,love,

been,would,do,shirt

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(AdaptedfromHenry,2010)

Morphology: Overview€¦ · •Develop a basic understanding of morphology as it relates to reading •Discuss how knowledge of morphology can help students read and comprehend text

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