MOPSNET Project Documentation (Final Final)

8/10/2019 MOPSNET Project Documentation (Final Final)

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MOPSNET Project Documentation

FTP Server

A partial fulfillment of requirements for MOPSNET

Submitted by:

Constantino, Michelle Anne

Tagnipez, Joyce Anne

Submitted to:

Ms. Rossana T. Adao

MOPSNET Professor

September 7, 2013


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B. Current State of Technology

FTP is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from host to host on a TCP-

based network (internet).

FTP users may use authentication using a clear text sign-in protocol normally using a

username and a password or may be used anonymously when configured to do such. For

secure transmission which hides or encrypts the information and content, FTP is secured

with SSL/FTS or SFTP.

The first FTP client applications were command line applications before operating

systems had their graphical user interfaces. The protocol is shipped in Windows, Unix

and Linux operating systems. There are various FTP clients and automation utilities

developed for desktops, servers and mobile devices. FTP has also been incorporated to

productivity tools like code editors.

FTP was not designed to be a secure protocol. It is not able to encrypt its traffic and data

can easily be read by anyone who are able to perform packet capture (sniffing) on the

network. A common way to deal with this is through the term secure. TLS-protected

versions of insecure protocols or SFTP/SCP tools included within most implementations

of SSH protocols.

Several Methods of Secure FTP:

FTPS

o FTPS is an extension of the FTP standard that allows clients to request that

the FTP session be encrypted. It is commonly done by sending the AUTH

TLS command.


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SFTP

o SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) transfers files and has a similar command

set for users.

FTP over SSH (not SFTP)

o FTP over SSH refers to the practice of tunneling a normal FTP session over

an SSH connection.

C. Functions/Uses

1. FTP is used to share files (computer programs/data)

2.

FTP is used to encourage indirect or implicit (via programs) remote use of

computers.

3. FTP shields a user from variation in file storage systems among hosts

4. FTP is used to transfer data efficiently.

II. Project Description

The vsftpd package is a very secure and small FTP daemon. The vstpd package can

either be installed via tinstallation media or via installing the vsftpd package manager

through the yum install command.

There will be no need to install more repositories as vsftpd is found in the default

updates.


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VSFTPD FEATURES:

Virtual IP configurations

Virtual users

Standalone or inetd operation

Per-user configurability

Bandwith throttling

Per-source-IP configurability

Per-Source-IP limits

Encryption support through SSL integration

Alternatives to VSFTPD

ProFTPd is a modular FTP which has been around for a long time. There are a lot of

plugins available for it and its configuration architecture is much like Apaches

under GPL for licensing.

PureFTPd is all about Security which is evident in the low number of CVE entries.

Configuration of PureFTPd is simple and can be done with no-configuration file

option. PureFTPd is available on a number of operating systems but not in Windows.


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III. Project Method

A. Installation and Configuration

Install any operating system first, be it Windows or Linux, FTP service can be activated.

For this project, we used CentOS.

How to install CentOS:Installing CentOS

Check if FTP package is installed

[root@michjoys~]# rpmqa vsftpd*

Check and configure the following files:

- /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-etho

-

/etc/sysconfig/network

-

/etc/hosts

[root@michjoys~]# yum install -y vsftpd[root@michjoys~]# Start vsftpd service.

[root@michjoys~]# service vsftpd startStarting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]

[root@michjoys~]# chkconfig vsftpd on[root@michjoys~]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

## The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.

## READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's# capabilities.#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

anonymous_enable=NO#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.local_enable=YES## Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES## Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)local_umask=022
http://www.tecmint.com/centos-6-3-step-by-step-installation-guide-with-screenshots/http://www.tecmint.com/centos-6-3-step-by-step-installation-guide-with-screenshots/http://www.tecmint.com/centos-6-3-step-by-step-installation-guide-with-screenshots/http://www.tecmint.com/centos-6-3-step-by-step-installation-guide-with-screenshots/


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## Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.#anon_upload_enable=YES#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create# new directories.#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES## Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES#

# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter

xferlog_enable=YES#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).connect_from_port_20=YES#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES#chown_username=whoever

## The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log

#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog

## Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_filexferlog_std_format=YES

## You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.#idle_session_timeout=600## You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

#data_connection_timeout=120#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.#nopriv_user=ftpsecure## Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,# however, may confuse older FTP clients.#async_abor_enable=YES## By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore


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# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the# raw file.

# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.ascii_upload_enable=YES

ascii_download_enable=YES## You may fully customise the login banner string:

ftpd_banner=Welcome to MOPSNET FTP SERVICE.## You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails

## You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().#chroot_local_user=YES#chroot_list_enable=YES

# (default follows)#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

## You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.ls_recurse_enable=YES## When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and

# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction# with the listen_ipv6 directive.listen=YES## This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6

# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!

#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpduserlist_enable=YEStcp_wrappers=YES

use_localtime=YES


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[root@michjoys~]# service vsftpd restartShutting down vsftpd: [ OK ]

Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]

[root@michjoys~]# useradd webone[root@michjoys~]# passwd weboneChanging password for user webone

New password:BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

---- install FTP package --

root@michjoys~]# yum install -y ftpLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfileSetting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check

---> Package ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================Installing:ftp i686 0.17-51.1.el6 localrepo 55 k

Transaction Summary===============================================================

=================Install 1 Package(s)Total download size: 55 k

Installed size: 91 kDownloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test Succeeded

Running TransactionWarning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.

Installing : ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686 1/1Verifying : ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6

Complete!


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- update SE Linux configuration -- >

[root@michjoys~]# setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on

[root@michjoys~]# ftp 202.87.10.4Connected to 202.87.10.4 (202.87.10.4).

220 Welcome to the FTP service.Name (202.87.10.4:root): webone331 Please specify the password.Password:230 Login successful.

Remote system type is UNIX.Using binary mode to transfer files.ftp> pwd

257 "/home/webone"

ftp>

B. Network Simulation via Packet Tracer


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Creating FTP user:

Click FTP server, click config, click FTP (make sure that the service is on), enter the

username and password, as for this figure the username is student and the password is

student, you can click the permissions they would be granted to do with the FTP service.

(Optional): You can already login via the FTPs IP address, for this case it is ftp

202.87.10.4 but if you intend to login using the hostname, you would need to add a

record to the FTP server, for this illustration you can type the name atftp.feulocal.com
ftp://ftp.feulocal.com/ftp://ftp.feulocal.com/ftp://ftp.feulocal.com/ftp://ftp.feulocal.com/


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Accessing the FTP Server

Type ftp 202.87.10.4and fill in the username and password which would allow you to

log-in.

Transferring files from PC to FTP Server

The main goal of this simulation is to show the process done by the FTP service, first is

to transfer the file from PC to server

Via the Client PC: Write a text file using a text editor, this file will be saved with the file

name project.txt and will be stored in the drive C: of the PC


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The objective is to transfer the project.txt to the FTP server. Login to the FTP server with

the username cisco and password as configured. Then type put project.txt

Checking the content of the FTP server via dir command

Getting files from the FTP Server:

Doing this the other way around is you would need to get the files back to the PC:


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To transfer files to PC, login as FTP user and type get .

Points to remember when using FTP service:

Username jenna was logged in to the FTP server and typed in the command delete

project.txt, permission was denied because username jenna only had the read, write and

list permission:


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When you are unable to write files because you would not have permissions, you would

most likely get this:


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IV. Discussion of Results

A. Actual Setup (1 Server and 1 Client)

The set-up of the server is to install the FTP server on a laptop and a client with a third-

party FTP software.

Thirdparty FTP software ease problems in placing files over a remote site.

B. Integration with Other Servers within the Network

DNS must also be created a record of the network (if you are to log-in using the host

name). Firewall for this project was disabled and a switch between computers will be

placed.

MOPSNET Project Documentation (Final Final)

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