Greek and Latin roots in English A Root In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin) ab-, a-, abs- away Latin ab "away" ac-, acu- sharp or pointed Latin acutus past participle of acuere "to sharpen", from acus "needle" acri- sharp, pungent, bitter, eager Latin acer acro- height, summit, tip Greek Greek ἄκρος ákros "high", "extreme" ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- movement to or toward; in addition to Latin ad "to", "toward" adip- fat Latin adeps, adipis "fat" aer-, aero- air, atmosphere Greek ἀήρ aer "air" aesthet feeling, sensation Greek aisthētikos "of sense perception" from αἰσθάνεσθαι aisthanesthai "to perceive" agri- field Latin from Latin ager "field, country" agro- field Greek from Greek ἀγρός agros "field" amat-, amor- love, loved Latin amor "love" from amāre "to love" ambi- both, on both sides Latin ambi "on both
43
Embed
Moore Public Schools€¦ · Web viewRoot Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin) vac- empty Latin vacare vad-, vas- go Latin vadere vag- wander Latin vagus,
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Greek and Latin roots in EnglishA
Root In English Origin Language
Etymology (Root Origin)
ab-, a-, abs- away Latin ab "away"
ac-, acu- sharp or pointed Latinacutus past participle of acuere "to sharpen", from acus "needle"
acri- sharp, pungent, bitter, eager Latin acer
acro- height, summit, tip Greek Greek ἄκρος ákros "high", "extreme"
ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-
movement to or toward; in addition to Latin ad "to", "toward"
aud-, audi- hearing, listening, sound Latin audire "to hear"aug-, auct- grow, increase Latin augēre "to increase"aur- relating to gold, or gold-colored Latin aurum "gold"auri- relating to the ear Latin auris "ear"
aut- , auto- self; directed from within Greek αὐτός (autos) "self", "same"
avi- bird Latin avis "bird"axi- axis Latin axis "axis"
axio- merit Greek Greek ἄξιος (axios) "worth"
B
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
bac- rod-shaped Latin from baculum "rod"baro- weight, pressure Greek βάρος (baros)
basi- at the bottom Greek from βαίνω, I walk, march, βάσις "step"
be-, beat- bless Latin beare, beatusbell(i)- war Latin bellum, belliben- good, well Latin bene (adverb)bi- two Latin bis, "twice"; bini, "in twos"bib- drink Latin bibere, bibitusbibl- book Greek βιβλίον (biblíon) "book"bi(o)- life Greek βίος (bíos) "life"blenn(o)- slime Greek βλέννος (blennos)
blast- germ, embryo, bud, cell with nucleus Greek βλασταίνω, "I put forth shoots"
from Latin calx "lime", and from Greek χάλιξ (khalix) "pebble" "limestone"
calli- beautiful Greek from Greek καλλός kallos "beauty"calor- heat Latin calor "heat"calyp- cover Greek καλύπτέιν (kaluptein)camer- vault Latin cameracamp- field Latin campus "field", "level ground"can(i)- dog Latin canis "dog"can-, -cin-, cant- sing Latin canere "sing"cand- glowing, iridescent Latin candere "to be white or glisten"
cap-, -cip-, capt-, -cept- hold, take Latin
capere, captus "take or hold" (note the vowel change from a to i in compounds)
capit-, -cipit- head Latin caput, capitis "head"capr- goat Latin caper, capricaps- box, case Latin capsacarbo- coal Latin carbo, carboniscarcer- jail Latin carcer, carcerare
carci- cancer (disease) Latin from Greek
Latin from Greek Καρκίνος karkinos "crab"
cardi(o)- relating to the heart Greek καρδιά kardia "heart"cardin- hinge Latin cardo, cardiniscarn- flesh Latin caro, carniscarpo- relating to fruit Greek from Greek καρπός karpos "fruit"carp- relating to the wrist Greek from Greek καρπός karpos "wrist"cata- down Greek κατά kata "down"caten- chain Latin catenacathar- pure Greek καθαρός (katharos)caud- tail Latin caudacav- hollow Latin cavus "hollow"ced-, cess- go Latin cedere, cessusceler- quick Latin celer, celerarecen(o)- new Greek καινός (kainos)cen(o)- empty Greek κενός (kenos)cens- Latin censere "to estimate"cent- hundred Latin centum "hundred"centen- hundred each Latin centenicentesim- hundredth Latin centesimuscentr- center Greek κέντρον (kéntron) "needle", "spur"cephalo- head Greek κεφαλή kephale "head"ceram- clay Greek κέραμος (keramos)
cervic- relating to the neck, relating to the cervix Latin cervix, cervicis "neck"
ceter- other Latin ceteruschiro- of the hand or hands Greek χείρ kheir "hand"chelono- relating to a turtle Greek χελώνη khelone "tortoise"chloro- green Greek from Greek χλωρός khlōros "green"
choreo- relating to dance Greek from Greek χορεία khoreia "dancing in unison" from χορός khoros "chorus"
chord- cord Latin chorda "rope"chrom- color Greek χρῶμα khrōma "color"chryso- gold Greek χρυσός khrusos "gold"cili- eyelash Latin ciliumcine- motion Greek κινέω (kineo)ciner- ash Latin cinis, cineriscing-, cinct- gird Latin cingere, cinctuscirc- circle Latin circuscircum- around Latin circum "around"cirr- orange Greek κιρρός (kirros)cirr- curl, tentacle Latin cirrusciv- citizen Latin civisclad- branch Greek κλάδος (klados)clar- clear Latin clarus, clarareclast- broken Greek κλαστός (klastos)claud-, -clud-, claus-, -clus- close Latin claudere, clausus
clav- key Greek from Greek κλείς kleis "key" from κλείειν, kleiein "to close"
cl(e)ist- closed Greek κλειστός kleistoscleithr- bar, key Greekclement- mild Latin clemens, clementisclin- bed, lean, recline Latin -clinarecochl- shell Greek κόχλος (kochlos)coel- hollow Greek κοῖλος (koilos)cogn- know Latin cognoscerecol- strain Latin colare, columcoll- neck Latin collumcolor- color Latin colorcon-, co-, col-, com-, cor- with, together Latin cum
con(o)- cone Greek κῶνος (konos)contra- against Latin contracopro- dung Greek κόπρος (kopros)corac- raven Greek κόραξ, κόρακος (korax, korakos)cord- heart Latin cor, cordiscorn- horn Latin cornucoron- crown Latin corona, coronarecorpor- body Latin corpus, corporiscortic- bark Latin cortex, corticiscosm(o)-' universe Greek κόσμος (kosmos)cosmet(o)- Greek κοσμετ (kosmet-)cost- rib Latin costacotyl- cup Greek κοτύλη (kotulē)crani- skull Greek κρανίον (kranion)crass- thick Latin crassuscre- make Latin creare, creatuscred- believe, trust Latin credere, credituscrep- boot, shoe Greek κρηπίς, κρηπίδος (krēpis, krēpidos)cribr- sieve Latin cribrum "a sieve"
ring Greek κρίκος (krikos)
cris-, crit- judge Greek κρίσις (crisis)crisp- curled Latin crispuscrist- crest Latin cristacross(o)- fringe, tassel Greek κροσσός (krossos)cruc(i)- cross Latin crux, cruciscrur(i)- leg, shank Latin crus, cruriscrypt- hidden Greek κρυπτός (kruptos)cten(o)- comb Greek κτείς, κτενός (kteis, ktenos)cub- cube Greek κύβος (kubos)cub- lie Latin cubareculin- kitchen Latin culinaculp- blame, fault Latin culpacune- wedge Latin cuneuscurr-, curs- run Latin currere, cursuscurv- bent Latin curvuscuspid- lance, point Latin cuspis, cuspidiscut(i)- skin Latin cutiscyan- blue Greek κυανός (kuanos)cycl(o)- circular Greek κύκλος (kuklos)cylind- roll Greek κύλινδρος (kulindros)cyn(o)- dog Greek κύων, κυνός (kuōn, kunos)
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
dactyl- finger, toe, digit Greek δάκτυλος (daktulos)damn-, -demn- to inflict loss upon Latin damnāre
de- from, away from, removing Latin dē
deb- owe Latin debere, debitusdeci- tenth part Latin decimus, tenth; from decem, tendeca-, dec-, deka-, dek- ten Greek δέκα deka, ten
delt- Greek Δέλτα (delta)dem- people Greek δ ῆ μος (dēmos)den- ten each Latin deni
dendr-, dendro- resembling a tree Greek δένδρον (dendron): akin to δρύς, drys, "tree"
dens- thick Latin densusdent- tooth Latin dens, dentisderm- skin Greek δέρμα (derma)deuter- second Greek δεύτερος (deuteros)dexter- right Latin dexterdextro- right Greek δεξ-, rightdi- two Greek διdia- apart, through Greek διά (dia)dict- say, speak Latin dicere, dictusdigit- finger Latin digitusdino- terrible, fearfully great Greek δεινός (deinos)dipl- double; twofold Greek διπλός (diplos)doc-, doct- teach Latin docere, doctusdodec- twelve Greek δώδεκα (dodeka)dog-, dox- opinion, teaching Greek δόξαdom- house Latin domusdorm- sleep Latin dormiredors- back Latin dorsumdu- two Latin duodub- doubtful Latinduc-, duct- lead Latin duxdulc- sweet Latin dulcisdur- hard Latin durus
dy- two Greek δυο (duo)dynam- power Greek δύναμη (dunamē)dys- badly, ill Greek δυσ-
E
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)ec- out Greek εκ (ek)eco- house Greek οίκος (oikos)ecto- outside Greek εκτός (ektos)ed-, es- eat Latin edere, esusego- self, I (first person) Latin, Greek ego, ἐγώego-, eg- goat Greek αἴξ (aix)em-, empt- buy Latin emere, emptuseme- vomit Greek έμετος (emetos)
emul- striving to equal, rivaling Latin aemulus, aemulare
en-, em- in Greek εν (en)endo- inside Greek ἔνδον (endon)engy- narrow Greek Εγγύς (engys)ennea- nine Greek εννέα (ennea)ens- sword Latin ensiseo-, eos-, eoso- dawn, east Greek Ἠώς/Ἕωςepi-, ep- upon Greek ἐπί (epi)epistem- knowledge or science Greek ἐπιστήμη (epistēmē)equ-, -iqu- even, level Latin aequusequ- horse Latin equuserg- work Greek έργον (ergon)err- stray Latin errareerythr(o)- red Greek ερυθρος (eruthros)eso- within Greek ἔξω (esō)etho-, eth-, ethi- custom, habit Greek ἦθος (ethos)
f-, fat- say, speak Latin fari, fatusfab- bean Latin fabafac-, -fic-, fact, -fect- make Latin facere, factusfalc- sickle Latin falx, falcisfall-, -fell-, fals- deceive Latin fallere, falsusfallac- false Latin fallax, fallacisfamili- a close attendant Latin famulusfant- to show Greek φαντάζωfasc- bundle Latin fascisfatu- foolish, useless Latin fatuus
feder- treaty, agreement, contract, league, pact Latin foedus, foederis
fel- cat Latin feles, felisfelic- happy, merry Latin felix, felicisfell- suck Latin fellarefemin- women, female Latin feminafemor- thigh Latin femur, femorisfend-, fens- prevent Latin fendere, -fensusfenestr- window Latin fenestrafer- carry Latin ferreferoc- fierce Latin ferox, ferocisferr- iron Latin ferrumfet- stink Latin feterefic- fig Latin ficusfid-, fis- faith, trust Latin fides, fidere, fisusfil- thread Latin filumfili- son Latin filiusfin- end Latin finisfind-, fiss- split Latin findere, fissusfirm- fix, settle Latin firmus, firmarefistul- hollow, tube Latinfl- blow Latin flare, flatusflacc- flabby Latin flaccus, flaccereflav- yellow Latin flavusflect-, flex- bend Latin flectere, flexusflig-, flict- strike Latin fligere, flictus
flor- flower Latin flos, florisflu-, flux- flow Latin fluere, fluxusfoc- hearth Latin focusfod-, foss- dig Latin fodere, fossusfoen- hay Latin faenumfoli- leaf Latin foliumfont- spring Latin fons, fontisfor- bore Latin forare, foratusform- shape Latin formafornic- vault Latin fornix, fornicisfort- strong Latin fortisfove- shallow round depression Latin foveafrang-, -fring-, fract-, frag- break Latin frangere, fractus
frater-, fratr- brother Latin fraterfric-, frict- rub Latin fricare, frictusfrig- cold Latin frigerefront- forehead Latin frons, frontisfruct-, frug- fruit Latin frux, fructisfug-, fugit- flee Latin fugerefum- smoke Latin fumusfund- bottom Latin fundus, fundarefund-, fus- pour Latin fundere, fususfung-, funct- do Latin fungi, functusfur-, furt- steal Latin furarefurc- fork Latin furcafusc- dark Latin fuscus
G
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
glob- sphere Latin globusglori- glory Latin gloriaglutin- glue Latin gluten, glutinisgrad-, -gred-, gress- walk, step, go Latin gradus, gradere, gressus
gramm- letter Greek γραμμα (gramma)gran- grain Latin granumgrand- grand Latin grandisgraph- draw, write Greek γραφή (graphē)grat- thank, please Latin gratusgrav- heavy Latin gravisgreg- flock Latin grex, gregisgubern- govern, pilot Latin gubernaregust- taste Latin gustusguttur- throat Latin gutturgymn- nude Greek γυμνός (gymnos)
H
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
hab-, -hib-, habit-, -hibit- have Latin habere, habitus
haem(o)- blood Greek αἷμα (haima)hal(o)- salt Greek ἅλς, άλας (hals, halos)hal-, -hel- breathe Latin halare, halatushapl(o)- simple, single Greek ἁπλοῦς (haplous)haur-, haust- draw Latin haurire, haustusheli(o)- sun Greek ἥλιοςhemi- half Greek ἥμισυς (hemisus)hen- one Greek ἕν (hen)hendec- eleven Greek ἕνδεκα (hendeka)hept- seven Greek επτά (hepta)her-, hes- cling Latin haerere, haesusherb- grass Latin herbahered- heir Latin heres, heredisherp- creep Greek έρπω (herpo)heter(o)- different, other Greek ἑτερος (heteros)heur- find Greek εὑρίσκωhex- six Greek ἕξ (hex)hibern- wintry Latin hibernushiem- winter Latin hiems
hipp(o)- horse Greek ἵππος (hippos)hirsut- hairy Latin hirtus, hirsutushispid- bristly Latin hispidushistri- actor Latinhod- way Greek ὁδός (hodos)hol(o)- whole Greek όλος (holos)hom(o)- same Greek ὁμός (homos)homeo- like Greek όμοιος (homoios)homin- human Latin homo, hominishomal- even, flat Greek ομαλός (homalos)honor- esteem Latin honos, honorishorm- that which excites Greek ὁρμή (horme)hort(i)- garden Latin hortus, hortihospit- host Latin hospes, hospitishost- enemy Latin hostishum- ground Latin humus, humarehyal- glass Greek ὕαλος (hualos)hydr(o)- water Greek ὕδωρhygr- wet Greek υγρός (hugros)hyo- U-shaped Greek ὑοειδήςhyp(o)- under Greek ὑπό (hupo)hyper- above, over Greek ὑπέρ (huper)hypn- sleep Greek ὕπνος (hupnos)hyster- later Greek ὕστερος (husteros)
I
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
ichth- fish Greek ιχθύς (ichthus)icos- twenty Greek είκοσι (eikosi)id(o)- shape Greek εἶδος (eidos)ide(o)- idea; thought Greek ιδέα (idea)idi(o)- personal Greek ἴδιος (idios)ign- fire Latin ignisin- (1), im- in, on Latin inin- (2), il-, im-, ir- in, un- (negation) Latin in-
infra- under Latin infrainsul- island Latin insula
inter- among, between Latin inter (preposition) – among, between
intra- within Latin intrairasc-, irat- be angry Latin irasciis(o)- equal, the same Greek ίσος (isos)-(i)tat- property of, quality of Latiniter- again Latin iterumitin- route, way Latin iter, itinis – march, journey
J
Root Meaning In English
Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
jac- lie Latin jacēre "to be thrown"jac- (originally IAC), -ject- cast, throw Latin iacio, iacere, ieci, iectus – "to throw"
(and cognates thereof)jan- door Latin januajoc- joke Latin jocusjug- yoke Latin jugare, jugumjung-, junct- join Latin jungere, junctusjunior- younger Latin juniorjus-, jur, judic (originally IVS)
law, justice Latin ius, iuris; iudex, iudicis; iusticia, iusticiae, etc.
juv-, jut- help Latin juvare, jutusjuven- young, youth Latin juvenisjuxta- beside, near Latin juxta
K
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)kil(o)- thousand Greek χίλιοι (chilioi)kine- movement, motion Greek κινέω (kineo)klept- steal Greek κλέπτης (kleptēs)kudo- glory Greek κῦδος (kudos)
L
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)lab-, laps- slide, slip Latin labi, lapsuslabi- lip Latin labia, labiaelabor- toil Latin laborlacer- tear Latin lacerlacrim- cry, tears Latin lacrima "tear"lact- milk Latin lac, lactis, lactarelamin- layer, slice Latin lamina
lamp- shine Greek λαμπάς lampas "torch"lapid- stone Latin lapis, lapidislarg- large Latin larguslarv- ghost, mask Latin larvalat(i)- broad, wide Latin latuslater- side Latin latus, laterislaud-, laus- praise Latin lauderelav- wash Latin lavarelax- not tense Latin laxus, laxareled-, les- hurt Latin laedere, laesusleg- law Latin lex, legis, legareleio- smooth Greek λείος leiosleni- gentle Latin lenis, lenireleon- lion Latin leo, leonis "lion"lep- flake, scale Greek λέπις lepisleps- grasp, seize Greek λήψης lepsisleuc(o)-, leuk(o)- white Greek λευκός leukoslev- lift, light Latin levis "light" (in weight), levareliber- free Latin liber, liberarelibr- book Latin liber, librilig- bind Latin ligare, ligatuslin- line Latin linealingu- language, tongue Latin lingua tongue, languagelinqu-, lict- leave Latin linquere, lictuslip(o)- fat Greek λίπος liposliter- letter Latin litteralith(o)- stone Greek λίθος lithos "stone"loc- place Latin locuslog- thought, word, speech Greek λόγος logos "word"long- long Latin longusloqu-, locut- speak Latin loquiluc- bright, light Latin lux, lucis lightlud-, lus- play Latin ludere, lususlumin- light Latin lumen, luminislun- moon Latin luna
M
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)macro- long Greek μακρός (makros)magn- great, large Latin magnusmaj- greater Latin major, majus
mal- bad, wretched, evil Latin malusmamm- breast Latin mammaman- flow Latin manareman- stay Latin manēre, mansusmand- hand Latin mandāre, mandatusmania crazy Greek μανίαmanu- hand Latin manusmar- sea Latin mare, marismater-, matr- mother Latin mater, matrismaxim- greatest Latin maximusmedi-, -midi- middle Latin medius, mediaremeg- great, large Greek μέγας (megas)mei- less Greek μείον (meiōn)melan- black, dark Greek μέλας (melas)melior- better Latin meliormell- honey Latin mel, mellismemor- remember Latin memormening- membrane Greek μενινξ (meninx)men(o)- moon Greek μήν (men)ment- mind Latin mens, mentismer- part Greek μέρος (meros)merc- reward, wages, hire Latin merx, mercismerg-, mers- dip, plunge Latin mergeremes- middle Greek μέσος (mesos)meter-, metr- measure Greek μέτρον (metron)meta- above, among, beyond Greek μετά (meta)mic- grain Latin micamicr(o)- small Greek μικρός (mikros)migr- wander Latin migraremilit- soldier Latin miles, militismill- thousand Latin millemillen- thousand each Latin millenimim- repeat Greek μίμος (mimos)min- jut Latin mineremin- less, smaller Latin minor, minusmir- wonder, amazement Latin miror, mirari, miratus summis- hate Greek μῖσος (misos)misce-, mixt- mix Latin miscere, mixtusmit- thread Greek μίτος (mitos)mitt-, miss- send Latin mittere, missusmne- memory Greek μνήμη (mnēmē)mol- grind Latin mola, molere, molitus
moll- soft Latin mollismon(o)- one Greek μόνος (monos)monil- string of beads Latin monilemont- mountain Latin mons, montismorph- form, shape Greek μορφή (morphe)mort- death Latin mors, mortismov-, mot- move, motion Latin moveo, movere, motusmulg-, muls- milk Latin mulgeremult(i)- many, much Latin multusmur- wall Latin murus, murimus- thief Latin mus, murismusc- fly Latin musca, muscaemut- change Latin mutaremy- mouse Greek Μυς (mus)myri- countless, ten thousand Greek μύριος (murios)myth- story Greek μῦθος (muthos)myx- slime Greek μύξα (muxa)myz- suck Greek
N
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)nar- nostril Latin narisnarc- numb Greek νάρκη (narkē)narr- tell Latin narrarenas- nose Latin nasusnasc-, nat- born Latin nascere, natusnaut- ship Greek (naus)nav- ship Latin navisne(o)- new Greek νέος (neos)necr(o)- dead Greek νεκρός (nekros)nect-, nex- join, tie Latin nectere, nexusnecto-, nect- swimming Greek νεκτος nektosneg- say no Latin negarenema- hair Greek νήμαnemor- grove, woods Latin nemus, nemorisnephr- kidney Greek νεφρός (nephros)nes- island Greek νήσος (nesos)neur- nerve Greek νευρών (neuron)nict- wink Latin nictarinigr- black Latin nigernihil- nothing Latin nihilum
noct- night Latin nox, noctisnod- knot Latin nodusnom- arrangement, law Greek νόμος (nomos)
nomad- those who let pasture herds Greek νομάς, νομάδος (nomas,
nomados)nomin- name Latin nomen, nominisnon- not Latin nonnon- ninth Latin nonusnonagen- ninety each Latin nonageninonagesim- ninetieth Latin nonagesimusnot- letter, note, paper Latin notarenoth- spuriousnoto- back, south Greek νότος (notos)nov- nine Latin novemnov- new Latin novusnoven- nine each Latin noveninovendec- nineteen Latin novendecimnox-, noc- harmful Latin noxanu- nod Latin nuerenub- Latin nubes, nubisnuc- nut Latin nux, nucisnuch- back of neck Latin nuchanud- naked Latin nudusnull(i)- none Latin nullusnumer- number Latin numerus-nunci- announce Latin nuntiusnupti- Latinnutri- nourish Latin nutrire
O
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)ob-, o-, oc-, os- against Latin oboct- eight Greek ὀκτώ (oktō)oct- eight Latin octōoctav- eighth Latin octāvusoctogen- eighty each Latin octogenioctogesim- eightieth Latin octogesimusocton- eight each Latin octoniocul- eye Latin oculus, oculareod- path, way Greek ὁδός (hodos)od- hate Latin odium
odont- tooth Greek ὀδούς, ὀδόντος (odous, odontos)odor- fragrant Latin odoroeco- house Greek οἶκος (oikos)oed- swollen Greek οἴδημα (oidēma)oen- wine Greek οἶνος (oinos)oesoph- gullet Greek οἰσοφάγος (oisophagos)ogdo- eighth Greek ὄγδοος (ogdoos)-oid like Greek -οειδής (-oeidēs)ole- oily Latinolecran- skull of elbow Latin from Greek ὠλέκρανον (ōlekranon)olig- few Greek ὀλίγος (oligos)oliv- olive Latin oliva-oma cancer Greek -ωμαomas- paunch Latin omasumoment- fat skin Latin omentumomin- Latin omen, ominisomm- eye Greek ὄμμα (omma)omni- all Latin omnisomo- shoulder Latinomphal- navel Greek ὀμφαλός (omphalos)oner- burden Latin onus, onerisonom- name Greek όνομα (onoma)ont- existing Greek ὄντος (ontos)-onym name Greek ὄνυμα (onuma)oo- egg Greek (oion)opac- shady Latin opacusoper- work Latin opus, operisopercul- little cover Latin operculumophi- snake Greek ὄφις (ophis)ophthalm- eye Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmos)opisth- behind Greek ὄπισθεν (opisthen)opoter- either Greek ὁπότερος (hopoteros)opt- eye Greek ὀπτός optosopt- choose Latin optareoptim- best Latin optimusor- mouth Latin os, orisorb- circle Latin orbisorch- testicle Greek ὄρχις (orchis)ordin- order Latin ōrdō, ordinisorgan- organ, instrument, tool Greek ὄργανον (organon)ori-, ort- eastern Latin oriri, ortusorn- Latin ōrnāre
ornith- bird Greek ὄρνις (ornis, ornithos)orth(o)- straight Greek ὀρθός (orthos)oscill- swing Latin oscillumoss(i)- bone Latin os, ossisosteo- bone Greek ὀστοῦν (ostoun)osti- entrance Latin ostiumostrac- shell Greek ὄστρακον (ostrakon)ot- ear Greek οὖς,ωτός (ous, ōtos)ov- egg Latin ovumovi- sheep Latin ovisoxy- sharp, pointed Greek ὀξύς (oxus)
P
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
pac- peace Latin pax, pacispach- thick Greek παχύς (pachus)paed- child Greek παῖς, παιδός (pais, paidos)pagin- page Latin paginapal- stake Latin paluspalae-, pale- ancient, old Greek παλαιός (palaios)palin- back Greek παλιν (palin)pall- pale Latin pallerepalli- mantle Latin palliumpalm- palm Latin palmapalustr(i)- in marshes Latin palusterpan-, pam- all Greek πᾶς, παντός (pas, pantos)pand-, pans- spread Latin pandere, pansuspar(a)- beside, near Greek παρά (para)pariet- wall Latin paries, parietispart(i)- part Latin pars, partisparthen(o)- maiden Greek παρθένος (parthenos)parv- little Latin parvuspasc-, past- feed Latin pascere, pastuspass- pace, step Latin passuspasser- sparrow Latin passerpat- be open Latin paterepath- to feel, hurt Greek πάθος (pathos)pati-, pass- suffer; feel; endure; permit Latin pati, passuspatr(i)- father Latin pater, patrispauc- few Latin paucus
pav- Latinpecc- sin Latin peccarepect- fixed Greek πηκτός (pēktos)pector- chest Latin pectus, pectorispecun- money Latin pecuniaped- child Greek παῖς, παιδός (pais, paidos)ped- foot Latin pes, pedispejor- worse Latin pejorpel-, puls- drive Latin pellerepen- almost Latin paenepend-, pens- hang Latin penderepenis- deficiency Greek πενία (penia)penn-, pinn- feather Latin pennapent- five Greek πέντε (pente)pentecost- fiftieth Greek (pentekostos)
pept- to digest Greek πέσσειν, πεπτός (pessein, peptos)
per- thoroughly, through Latin perperan- across, beyond Greekperi- around Greek περίpersic- peach Greek περσικός (persikos)pessim- worst Latin pessimuspet- strive towards Latin peterepetr- rock Greek πέτρα (petra)phaeo- dark Greek φαιός (phaios)phag- eat Greek φαγεῖν (phagein)
phalang- close formation of troops, finger bones Greek φάλαγξ, φάλαγγος (phalanx,
phalangos)phalar- having a patch of white Greek φάλαρος (phalāros)[1]
phys- nature Greek φύση (physe)phyt- plant Greek φυτών (phuton)pic- pitch Latin pix, picispil- hair Latinpin- pine Latinping-, pict- paint Latin pingerepino- drink Greek πίνειν (pinein)pir- pear Latinpisc- fish Latin piscispis- pea Greek πίσος (pisos)plac- plate, tablet Greek πλαξ, πλακός (plax, plakos)plac- calm Latin placare, placatusplac-, -plic- please Latin placēre, placitusplagi- oblique Greek πλάγιος (plagios)plan- flat Latin planusplang- Latin plangereplas- mould Greek πλάθω (platho)platy- flat, broad Greek πλατύς (platus)plaud-, plaus- clap Latin plaudere, plaususple-, plet- fill Latin plerepleb- people Latin plebs, plebisplect-, plex- plait Latin plectere, plexusplec- interwoven Greek πλέκω (pleko)plen- full Latin plenusplesi- near Greek πλησίος (plēsios)pleth- full Greek πλῆθος (plēthos)pleur- side Greek πλευρά pleuraplic- fold, braid Latin plicare, plicatusplinth- brick Greek πλίνθος (plinthos)plor- Latin plorareplu- rain Latin pluereplum- feather Latin plumaplumb- lead Latin plumbumplur- more Latin plurisplurim- most Latin plurimusplus- more Latin pluspluvi- rain Latin pluvia
poie- make Greek ποιέωpole-, poli- city Greek πόλις (polis)pol- pole Greek πόλος (polos)pol- stake, pale Latin paluspolem- war Greek πόλεμος (polemos)poli(o)- grey Greek πολιός (polios)pollic- thumb Latin pollex, pollicispollin- Latin pollen, pollinispoly- many Greek πολύς (polus)pon-, posit- put Latin ponere, positusponder- weight Latin pondus, ponderispont- bridge Latin pons, pontispopul- people Latin populuspor- passage Greek πόρος (poros)porc- pig Latin porcusporphyr- purple Greek πορφύρα (porphura)port- gate Latin portaport- carry Latin portare, portatuspost- after, behind Latin postpot- drink Latin potarepotam- river Greek ποταμός (potamos)prasin- leek-green Greek πράσινος (prasinos)prat- meadow Latin pratumprav- crooked Latin pravuspre- before Latin praeprec- pray Latin prex, precarepred- Latin praedariprehend-, prend- grasp Latin prehendereprem-, -prim-, press- press Latin premere, pressus
presb- old Greek πρέσβυς (presbus)preter- past Latin praeterpreti- price Latin pretiumprim- first Latin primusprior- former Latin priorpriv- separate Latin privare, privatuspro- before, in front of Greek πρό (pro)pro- for, forward Latin pro
prob- try Latin probareproct- anus Greek πρωκτός (proktos)propri- Latin propriuspros(o)- forward Greek πρός (pros)prot(o)- first Greek πρῶτος (prōtos)proxim- nearest Latin proximusprun- plum Latin prunuspsamma- sand Greek ψάμμος (psammos)pseud(o)- false Greek ψεῦδος (pseudos)psil(o)- bare Greek ψιλός (psilos)psych(o)- mind Greek ψυχη (psychē)psychr(o)- cold Greek ψυχρος (psuchros)pter- wing, fern Greek πτερών (pteron)pto- fall Greek πτώσηςptyal- saliva Greek πτύον (ptyon)ptych- fold, layer Greek πτυχή (ptuchē)pubi- sexually mature Latinpublic- Latin publicuspude- Latin puderepugn- fight Latin pugnarepulchr- beautiful Latin pulcher, pulchripulmon- lung Latin pulmo, pulmonispulver- dust Latin pulvis, pulverispung-, punct- prick Latin pungerepuni- punish Latin punirepup- doll Latin pupapur- pure Latin puruspurg- Latin purgarepurpur- purple Latin purpuraput- think Latin putārepygo- rump Greek πύγηε (pugē)pyl- gate Greek πυλών, πυλῶνος (pulōn)pyr(o)- heat, fire Greek πύρ, πυρός (pur, puros)
Q
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
quadr- four Latin quattuorquadragen- forty each Latin quadrageniquadragesim- fortieth Latin quadragesimusquart- fourth Latin quartus
quasi- as if Latin quasiquatern- four each Latin quaterniquati-, quass- shake Latin quaterequer-, -quir-, quesit-, -quisit- search, seek Latin quaerere
qui- rest Latin quiesquin- five each Latin quiniquindecim- fifteenth Latin quindecimusquinden- fifteen each Latin quindeniquinque- five Latin quinquequint- fifth Latin quintus
quot- how many, how great Latin
R
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)rad-, ras- scrape, shave Latin radere, rasusradi- beam, spoke Latin radius, radiareradic- root Latin rādix, rādīcisram- branch Latin rāmusran- frog Latin rana
ranc- rancidness, grudge, bitterness Latin rancere
rap- turnip Latin rapumraph- seam Greek ραφή (raphē)rar- Latin rarusrauc- harsh, hoarse Latin raucusre-, red- again, back Latin re-reg-, -rig-, rect- straight Latin regere, rectusrem- oar Latin remusren- kidney Latin renesrep-, rept- crawl, creep Latin repere, reptusret- net Latin reteretro- backward, behind Latin retrorhabd- rod Greek ῥ άβδος (rhabdos)rhach-, rach- spine Greek ῥ άχις , ῥάχεως (rhachis)rhag- tear, rent Greek ῥαγίζωrhe- flow Greek ῥεῖν (rhein)rhig- chill Greek ῥῖγος (rhigos)rhin- nose, snout Greek ῥίς, ῥινός (rhis, rhinos)rhiz- root Greek ῥίζα (rhiza)
rhod(o)- rose Greek ῥόδον (rhodon)rhomb- spinning top Greek ῥόμβος (rhombos)rhynch- snout Greek ῥύγχοςrid-, ris- laugh Latin ridere, risusrobor- oak, strength Latin robur, roborisrod-, ros- gnaw Latin rodere, rosusrog- ask Latin rogarerostr- beak, prow Latin rostrumrot- wheel Latin rota, rotareruber-, rubr- red Latin ruberrug- wrinkle Latin ruga, rugarerumin- throat Latin rumen, ruminisrump-, rupt- break Latin rumpere, ruptusrur- country Latin rus, ruris
S
Root Meaning in English Origin Language
Etymology (Root Origin)
sacchar- sugar Greek σάκχαρον (sakcharon)sacr-, secr- sacred Latin sacer, sacraresagac- Wise Latin sagax, sagacissagitt- arrow Latin sagittasal- salt Latin sal, salis, saleresali-, -sili-, salt- jump Latin salire, saltussalic- willow Latin salix, salicissalv- save Latin salvaresan- healthy Latin sanussanct- holy Latin sanciresanguin- blood Latin sanguis, sanguinissapi-, -sipi- taste; wise Latin saperesapon- soap Latin sapo, saponissarc(o)- flesh Greek σάρξ (sarx, sarkos)sativ- cultivated Latin sativussaur- lizard, reptile Greek σαῦρος (sauros)saxum rock Latin saxumscab- scratch Latin scaberescal- ladder, stairs Latin scalascalen- uneven Greek σκαληνός skalenosscand-, -scend-, scans-, -scens- climb Latin scandere
schem- plan Greek σχ ῆ μα (schema)schis- split Greek σχίσμα (schisma)sci- know Latin scirescind-, sciss- split Latin scinderescler- hard Greek σκληρός (sklēros)scoli- crooked Greek σκολιός (skolios)scop-, scopy, scept- look at, examine, view, observe Greek σκοπός (skopos)scrib-, script- write Latin scriberesculp- carve Latin sculperescut- shield Latin scutumscyph- cup Greek χούφτα (choyphta)se-, sed- apart Latin seseb- tallow Latin sebumsec-, sect-, seg- cut Latin secaresed- settle, calm Latin sedaresed-, -sid-, sess- sit Latin sederesedec- sixteen Latin sedecimseget- in cornfields Latin segetumsei- shake Greek σεισμός (seismos)selen- moon Greek σελήνη (selene)sell- saddle, seat Latin sellasema- sign Greek σῆμα (sema)semi- half Latin semissemin- seed Latin semen, seminissen- old man Latin senex, senissen- six each Latin senisenti-, sens- feel Latin sentire, sensussept- fence, partition, enclosure Latin saeptumsept- seven Latin septemsepten- seven each Latin septeniseptim- seventh Latin septimusseptuagen- seventy each Latin septuageniseptuagesim- seventieth Latin septuagesimusseptuagint- seventy Latin septuagintasequ-, secut- follow Latin sequereser(o)- any body fluid Latin serumser(ot)- late Latin serusserp- crawl Latin serpereserr- saw, saw-toothed Latin serra, serrareserv- save, protect, serve Latin servaresesqui- one and a half Latin sesquiset- hair Latin seta
sever- stern, strict, serious Latin severussex-, se- six Latin sexsexagen- sixty each Latin sexagenisexagesim- sixtieth Latin sexagesimussext- sixth Latin sextussibil- hiss Latin sibilus, sibilaresicc- dry Latin siccussider- star Latin sidus, siderissign- sign Latin signumsil- quiet or still Latin sileresilv- forest Latin silvasimi- ape, monkey Latin simiasimil- likeness, trust, group Latin similissimul- an imitating, feigning Latin simularesingul- one each Latin singulisinistr- left Latin sinister, sinistrisinu- (to draw) a line Latin sinuaresinus- hollow, bay Latin sinussiph(o)- tube Greek σίφων (siphon)sist- cause to stand Latin sisteresito- food, grain, wheat Greek σίτος (sitos)soci- group Latin socius, sociaresol- sun Latin solsol- comfort, soothe Latin solaresolen- pipe, channel Greek σωλήν (solen)solv-, solut- loosen, set free Latin solveresoma- body Greek σ ῶ μα (sōma)somn- sleep Latin somnussomni- dream Latin somniumson- sound Latin sonussoph- Wise Greek σοφός (sophos)sorb-, sorpt- suck Latin sorberesord- dirt Latin sordes, sorderesoror- sister Latin sororspati- space Latin spatiumspec-, -spic-, spect- look Latin specerespect- watch, look at Latin spectarespecul- observe Latin specularisper- hope Latin spes, speraresperm- seed Greek σπέρμα (sperma)sphen(o)- wedge Greek σφήν (sphen)spher- ball Greek σφαῖρα (sphaira)
sphinct- closing Greek σφίγγαspic- spike Latin spicaspin- thorn Latin spinaspir- breathe Latin spirare
spond-, spons- a surety, guarantee; give assurance, promise solemnly Latin spondere, sponsus
spondyl- vertebraspu-, sput- spew, spit Latin spueresqual- scaly, dirty, filthy Latin squaleresquam- scale Latin squamasquarros- spreading at tips Latinst- stand Latin stare, statusstagn- pool of standing water Latin stagnarestalact- Greek σταλακτίτες (stalaktites)stalagm- Greek σταλαγμός (stalagmos)stann- tin Latin stannumstatu-, -stitu- stand Latin statuere
sui- self Latinsuad-, suas- urge Latin suadere, suasussuav- sweet Latin suavissub-, su-, sus- below Latin subsubter- Latin subtersucr- sugar Latinsud- sweat Latin sudaresulc- furrow Latin sulcussum-, sumpt- take Latin sumeresuper- above, over Latin supersupin- lying back Latin supinussupra- above, over Latin suprasurd- deaf Latin surdussurg- rise Latin surgeresyn-, sy-, syl-, sym- with Greek σύν (sun)
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)
tac-, -tic- be silent Latin tacere, tacitustach- swift Greek ταχυς (tachus)taenia- ribbon Greek ταινία (tainia)tal- ankle Latin talustang-, -ting-, tact-, tag- touch Latin tangere, tactus
tapet- carpet Latin tapete, tapetistard- slow Latin tardus
tars- ankle Greek ταρσός (tarsos, a flat basket)
taur- bull Greek ταῦρος (tauros)taur- bull Latin taurustax- arrangement, order Greek τάξης (taxis)techn- Greek τέχνη (techne)teg-, tect- cover Latin tegere, tectustele- far, end Greek τῆλε-teleo- complete Greek τέλοςtemno- cut Greek τέμνωtempor- time Latin tempus, temporisten-, -tin-, tent- hold Latin tenere, tentustend-, tens- stretch Latin tendere, tensus
tenu- slender, thin Latin tenuistep- be warm Latin tepereter-, trit- rub Latin terere, tritusteret- rounded Latin teres, teretisterg-, ters- wipe Latin tergere, tersustermin- Latin terminustern- three each Latin terniterr- dry land Latin terraterti- third Latin tertiustest- witness Latin testistetr- four Greek τετρά (tetra-)tex-, text- weave Latin texere, textusthalam- chamber, bed Greek θάλαμος (thalamos)thalass- sea Greek θάλασσα (thalassa)than- death Greek θάνατος (thanatos)the- put Greek τίθημι (tithemi)-theca case Greek θήκηthel(o)- Greek θηλήthe(o)-, thus- god Greek θεός (theos)theori- Greek θεωρίαtherm- heat Greek θερμός (thermos)thero- beast, animal Greek θήρ, θηρόςthyreo- large shield Greek θυρεόςtim- be afraid Latin timereting-, tinct- moisten Latin tingere, tinctustom- cut Greek τομή (tome), τόμος (tomos)ton- stretch Greek τόνος (tonos)top- place Greek τόπος (topos)torn- cut Latin from Greek tornare < τόρνος (tornos)torpe- numb Latin torperetorqu-, tort- twist Latin torquere, tortustot- all, whole Latin totustox(o)- arrow, bow Greek τόξον (toxon)trab- beam Latin trabs, trabistrachy- rough Greek τραχύς (trachus)trag(o)- goat Greek τράγος (tragos)trah-, tract- pull/draw Latin trahere, tractustrans-, tra-, tran- across Latin transtrapez- four-sided, table Greek τράπεζα (trapeza)traum- wound Greek τραύμα (trauma)trecent- three hundred Latin trecentitredec- thirteen Latin tredecim
treiskaidek- thirteen Greek τρεισκαίδεκαtrem- tremble Latin tremeretrema- hole Greek τρῆμα (trēma)tri- three Greek τρε ῖ ς , τρία (treis, tria)tri- three Latin trestricen- thirty each Latin tricenitricesim-, trigesim- thirtieth Latin tricesimustrich- hair Greek θρίξ, τριχός (thrix, trichos)trin- three each Latin trinitroch- wheel Greek τροχόςtrop- turning Greek τρόπος (tropos)troph- feed, grow Greek τροφόςtrud-, trus- thrust Latin trudere, trusustuss- cough Latin tussis, tussiretympan- drum Greek τύμπανον (tumpanon)
U
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)uber- fruitful Latin uber, uberareulig- in marshes Latinulo- wooly Greekultim- farthest Latin ultimusultra- beyond Latin ultraumbilic- navel Latin umbilicusumbr- shade, shadow Latin umbraun-, uni- one Latin unus, uniusunc- hooked Latin uncusunci- ounce, twelfth Latin unciaund- wave Latin undaundecim- eleventh Latin undecimusunden- eleven each Latin undeniungui- claw, nail Latin unguisungul- claw, hoof Latin ungulaur-, uro- tail Greek οὐρά (oura)ur-, uro- urine Greek οὖρον (ouron)urb- city Latin urbs, urbisurg- work Latin urgereurs- bear Latin ursusut-, us- use Latin uti, ususuv- grape Latin uvauxor- wife Latin uxor
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)vac- empty Latin vacarevad-, vas- go Latin vaderevag- wander Latin vagus, vagarevan- empty, vain, idle Latin vanusvap- lack (of) Latin vaporveh-, vect- carry Latin vehere, vectusvel- veil Latin velumvell-, vuls- pull Latin vellere, vulsusveloc- quick Latin velox, velocisven- vein Latin venaven- hunt Latin venariven-, vent- come Latin venirevend- sell Latin venderevener- respectful Latin venusvent- wind Latin ventusventr- belly Latin venterver- true Latin verusverb- word Latin verbumverber- whip Latin verberverm- worm Latin vermisvern- spring Latin ver, vernusvert-, vers- turn Latin vertere, versusvesic- bladder Latin vesicavesper- evening, western Latin vesperavest- clothe, garment Latin vestisvestig- follow, track Latin vestigiumvet- forbid Latin vetareveter- old Latin vetus, veterisvi- way Latin viavic- change Latin vicisvicen-, vigen- twenty Latin vicenivicesim-, vigesim- twentieth Latin vecesimusvid-, vis- see Latin videre, visusvil- cheap Latin vilisvill- shaggy hair, velvet Latin villusvin- wine Latin vinumvinc-, vict- conquer Latin vincere, victusvir- man Latin virvir- green Latin virere
visc- thick Latin viscumviscer- organs of the body cavity Latin viscus, viscerisvit- life Latin vitavitell- yolk Latin vitellusviti- fault Latin vitiumvitr- glass Latin vitrumviv- live Latin viverevoc- voice Latin vox, vocisvol- fly Latin volarevol- wish Latin vellevolv-, volut- roll Latin volvere, volutusvom- discharge Latin vomerevor-, vorac- swallow Latin vorare, voraxvov-, vot- vow Latin vovere, votusvulg- common, crowd Latin vulgusvulner- wound Latin vulnus, vulnerisvulp- fox Latin vulpes, vulpis
X
Root Meaning in English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)xanth- yellow Greek ξάνθος (xanthos)xen- foreign Greek ξενος (xenos)xer- dry Greek ξηρός (xēros)xiph- sword Greek ξίφος (xiphos)xyl- wood Greek ξύλων (xulon)
Z
Root Meaning In English Origin Language Etymology (Root Origin)-zo- animal, living being Greek ζ ῷ ον (zōion)zon- belt, girdle Greek ζωνη (zōnē)zyg- yoke Greek ζυγον (zugon)zym- ferment Greek ζυμη (zumē)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details.Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.