Genitourinary System • Monitors and regulates fluids (plasma, tissue fluid, lymph) • Filters substances from plasma • Excretes harmful substances as urine • Returns useful products to blood
Genitourinary System
•Monitors and regulates fluids (plasma, tissue fluid, lymph)• Filters substances from plasma• Excretes harmful substances as urine•Returns useful products to blood
Genitourinary System
• Macroscopic• Kidneys• Renal Artery• Renal Vein• Renal Pelvis• Ureter• Urethra• Urinary Meatus
Genitourinary System• Kidney: fist sized, kidney shaped organs that filter
tissue fluids and reabsorb useful nutrients for the body• Renal Artery: carries blood containing waste to kidney• Renal Vein: carries “cleaned” blood out of kidney• Renal Pelvis: waste material in the form of urine stored
here during filtering process• Ureter: extends from renal pelvis and carries urine to
bladder• Bladder: temporary reservoir for urine• Urethra: tube at base of bladder that releases urine• Urinary Meatus: urine expelled; in females, located
above the vagina
Structural overview
The Urinary System
• The most common disorder of the urinary system• UTI is a broad diagnosis covering any infection of
the urinary tract including the urethra, ureters, bladder and kidneys.
• May be caused by virus or fungus; most common infection is caused by bacteria
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
• Dysuria – painful urination• Proteinuria – protein in the urine• Hematuria – blood in the urine• Pyuria – pus in the urine• Oliguria – absence of urine production• Frequency, urgency• Flank/back pain, fever, nausea, vomiting
Urinary System disorders: s/s of UTI
• Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the bladder which is the most common area of infection
• Diagnostics: U/A – urinalysis, C&S – culture and sensitivity, blood tests (BUN, CBC, Electrolytes), IVP – intravenous pyelogram, Cystoscopy, Biopsy
• Treatments: based on cause. Antibiotics, catheterization, surgery, dialysis, lithotripsy, anti-hypertensive medications
Disorders of the Urinary System